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Pourkerman Majid Marriner Nick Hamzeh Mohammad-Ali Lahijani Hamid Morhange Christophe Amjadi Sedigheh Vacchi Matteo Maghsoudi Mehran Shah-Hosseini Majid Afarin Mohammad 《Natural Hazards》2022,112(2):1823-1849
Natural Hazards - The western Makran subduction zone is capable of producing considerable tsunami run-up heights that penetrate up to 5 km inland. In this study, we show how climate change... 相似文献
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Matteo Vacchi Giovanni De Falco Simone Simeone Monica Montefalcone Carla Morri Marco Ferrari Carlo Nike Bianchi 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2017,42(1):42-54
Here we review the multiple interactions between the endemic Mediterranean seagrass, Posidonia oceanica, and coastal geomorphologic processes as an outstanding example of biogeomorphology, taking into account recent advances in the field. Seagrass meadows are among the most important elements for the functioning of marine coastal ecosystems, and represent a major focus for research and conservation. Being considered a priority habitat, P. oceanica meadows are protected by several European Union directives and national laws. In this paper we examine: the role of sedimentary features in controlling the development of the meadows; the interplay between P. oceanica leaf litter (i.e. beached necromass) cast ashore and erosional‐depositional processes on the beaches; the interactions between meadows and nearshore hydrodynamics, and; possible linkages between geomorphological features of the seafloor and the architecture of meadows. Finally, we provide perspectives for future research on P. oceanica and other Mediterranean seagrass meadows in a biogeomorphological context with specific reference to climate change. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The impact of tar aggregates deriving from the Haven oil spill that occurred in 1991 on the soft-bottom macrobenthos off Arenzano (Ligurian Sea, NW Mediterranean; Italy) was investigated in this study. Core samples were collected to evaluate the composition, abundance and stratification of macrobenthos in three contaminated and three control sites. The distribution of tar aggregates (often settled by hydroids, bryozoans and serpulids) in the impacted area did not show distinct patterns related to sediment depth. The macrobenthos was numerically dominated by polychaetes, followed by crustaceans (amphipods, isopods and tanaids) and sipunculids, whereas bivalve molluscs were less represented. Ophiuroids and nemerteans were only occasionally found. Stratification was the main factor explaining the distribution of benthic invertebrates, highest abundances being observed in the upper 5 cm of sediment, while densities of individuals declined sharply in deeper sediment layers. No significant differences were observed in the abundance of both the whole benthic assemblage and of the main benthic taxonomic groups between contaminated and control sites. The higher abundance of sipunculids at the contaminated sites, instead, was attributed to the availability of empty tubes of polychaetes in which they take refuge. The polychaetes/amphipods ratios did not show strong differences between impacted and control sites. Multivariate analysis (MDS) showed a wide scattering among deep bottom samples and a comparatively high similarity among intermediate and superficial layers, regardless of the contamination level. In conclusion, the results reported here suggest that tar aggregates do not determine appreciable detrimental effects on the soft-bottom macrobenthos, which appeared to have recovered towards natural pristine conditions. 相似文献
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Application of WetSpass model to estimate groundwater recharge variability in the Nile Delta aquifer
Asaad M. Armanuos Abdelazim Negm C. Yoshimura Oliver C. Saavedra Valeriano 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(10):553
Long-term groundwater recharge from rainfall in the Nile Delta is needed as an input for integrated groundwater modelling in the Nile Delta aquifer for more accurate simulation. The main objective is to estimate the spatial and temporal variation of groundwater recharge from rainfall in the Nile Delta aquifer. Water and Energy Transfer between Soil, Plants and Atmosphere under quasi-Steady State (WetSpass) model parameters were identified for the Nile Delta based on the available meteorological data for the area collected in 1991 and 2000. The collected data were rainfall, temperature, wind speed and evapotranspiration. Geomorphological characteristics, such as soil type, topography, groundwater depth and slope, were also collected as input data for the WetSpass model. ENVI software was used to come up with land use classification based on available land cover images of the Nile Delta for 1972, 1984, 1990, 2000 and 2009. The WetSpass model was calibrated by comparing the simulated groundwater recharge with the calculated one by using the water balance equation model. The results indicated close agreement in groundwater recharge between the two model outputs with R 2 of 0.99 and 0.94, while the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) were 4.86 and 9.39 mm for 1991 and 2000, respectively. The WetSpass model was then applied in respect of 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2010 for the purpose of validation. The overall RMSE and R 2 for the 6 years were 8.83 mm and 0.88, respectively. The results of the WetSpass calibrated model provide information to support integrated groundwater modelling. The results reveal that WetSpass works well in simulating the components of the hydrological balance in the Nile Delta. 相似文献
15.
Alessio Rovere Stefano Bellati Valeriano Parravicini Marco Firpo Carla Morri Carlo Nike Bianchi 《Estuaries and Coasts》2009,32(2):333-339
The existence of linkages between ecological and geomorphological processes and the influence of human activities both on
the biota and on geomorphology is well known for terrestrial environments, while it has been seldom reported for submerged
ones. A survey in the Noli-Bergeggi area (NW Mediterranean Sea) has been carried out to test the hypothesis that the harvesting
of Lithophaga lithophaga has an impact not only on the hammered rock, but also on the sediments at the cliff foot. Size and roundness of pebbles have
been measured at different stations and statistical analyses have been used to test the differences between impact and control
situations. Results show a dependence of the roundness of pebbles on the date mussel harvesting, indicating a decrease both
of the roundness index and of its variability at the cliff foot in impacted sites. Conclusions stress the biogeomorphological
nature of this activity, not limited to the present location. 相似文献
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Monica Montefalcone Giancarlo Albertelli Carla Morri Valeriano Parravicini Carlo Nike Bianchi 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(4):515-262
Using the Conservation Index, which measures the proportional amount of dead matte relative to live Posidonia oceanica, we assessed the health of 15 P. oceanica meadows at a regional scale along the coast of Liguria (NW Mediterranean). These areas were characterized by different degrees of anthropization, from highly urbanized sites to marine protected areas. Two different scenarios were identified according to depth: in shallow zones, the health of P. oceanica meadows was related to the degree of anthropization along the coastline. In contrast, in deep zones, most meadows exhibited poor health, independent of both the degree of disturbance and the legal measures protecting the area. Working synergistically with the regional impact of increased water turbidity, local impacts from the coast were recognized as the main causes of the severe regression of most Ligurian P. oceanica meadows. We conclude that marine protected areas alone are not sufficient to guarantee the protection of P. oceanica meadows. We emphasize the need for a management network involving the Sites of Community Interest (SCIs) containing P. oceanica meadows. 相似文献
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A. Rovere M. Vacchi V. Parravicini C. N. Bianchi N. Zouros M. Firpo 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(1):133-142
Within the definition given by UNESCO of World Cultural and Natural Heritage, geoheritage finds its significance both as the
geological or geomorphological elements of nature worthy of conservation and as habitat of threatened species of outstanding
universal value from the point of view of science or conservation. Definitions, methods, and applications for the conservation
and valorization of geoheritage have been proposed for various types of environments, but their application in underwater
areas is seldom, if even, reported. In this study, we propose a set of definitions and methods for the evaluation of scientific
and additional values in underwater environment, and we apply them in two Mediterranean areas: Sigri (Greece, Lesvos Island)
and Bergeggi (Italy, Liguria region). Results show the applicability of the schemes proposed in different geological and geomorphological
settings and provide tools for the evaluation of abiotic underwater heritage in the two areas. 相似文献
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Almeida Silva Karita de Souza Rolim Glauco Borges Valeriano Taynara Tuany da Silva Cabral de Moraes Jos Reinaldo 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2020,139(3):1019-1029
Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Coffee is the most consumed beverage and one of the most valuable commodities worldwide. The crop is very sensitive to meteorological elements, mainly at the... 相似文献