济阳坳陷中生代盆地演化及其与新生代盆地叠合关系探讨

济阳坳陷中生代盆地演化受控于欧亚构造域的板块拼接挤压和滨太平洋构造域及其郯庐断裂活动两种动力学背景。早、中三叠世,作为华北大型内陆沉积盆地的一部分,沉积了近2000 m厚的地层;晚三叠世,主要受控于扬子板块与华北板块挤压碰撞所产生的挤压应力场,处于抬升剥蚀状态,早、中三叠世沉积的地层几乎剥蚀殆尽,并开始发育多条NW向逆冲断层;早、中侏罗世是对晚三叠世挤压逆冲断层和褶皱所造成的本区地势高低起伏的一个截凸填凹、填平补齐的过程;晚侏罗世—白垩纪,受郯庐断裂左行走滑的影响,济阳坳陷区前期形成的NW向逆冲断层,发生构造反转,反向伸展,形成了一系列半地堑。控盆断层为NW向的中生代盆地,与控盆断层为NE(或NNE)向的新生代盆地里相干型叠合,可划分出中坳新拗、中坳新隆、中隆新坳、中隆新隆4种叠合单元类型,不同类型的叠合单元经历了不同的沉降史,具有不同的石油地质意义。     

烃源岩非均质性的控制因素研究--以东营凹陷为例

下第三系沙河街组是东营凹陷最重要的生储组合。通过对沙河街组烃源岩的研究,发现厚度大、分布广的沙四段和沙三段烃源岩在有机质组成和岩性等方面存在多种尺度的非均质性。从宏观到微观系统分析烃源岩的非均质性后发现,沙河街组烃源岩的非均质性明显受其体系域、沉积相带、有机质保存务件和古生产力等多种因素控制。其中,不同的体系域和沉积相带控制了烃源岩的岩性和岩相组合及生、排烃能力,高的古生产力是有机质富集的前提,缺氧还原环境使有机质能够保存的决定因素,同时,局部环境下发育的火山活动,对优质烃源岩的形成也具有重要作用。     

Cephalopods of the “Falang Formation” (Triassic) from Guanling and Zhenfeng Counties, Guizhou Province, China

The "Falang Formation" of western Guizhou was previously called the "Halobia Bed" and considered to be I .adinian in age. It was subdivided upward into the Zhuganpo, Laishike and Longchang members based on ammonites and the Trachyceras multitubertulatum Zone of the Longchang Member was put in the Lower Carnian. Here in the present paper, 4 genera and 9 species of ammonites and 1 nautiloid genus and species collected from the upper part of the "Falang Formation" (i.e. the Wayao Formation used in this paper, equivalent to the Laishike Member from Guanling and Zhenfeng counties are described. The geological and geographical distribution of these cephalopods, as well as the co-existing conodonts, put the Wayao Formation to the late early Carnmian.     

薄互层地区高品质地震资料采集影响因素试验研究

根据薄互层地区地质特点,以及所要达到的分辨率的要求,确定了所要保护的主频频率和施工参数。针对影响分辨率的因素,在激发时使用小药量和“钻杆扫描”的方法选择激发深度;在接收时使用中高频检波器、小组合和检波器下井接收的方法,并对它们进行逐一论证,取得了较好的效果。     

安徽沿江地区燕山期火成岩成岩成矿地质背景

安徽沿江地区位于长江中下游Cu,Fe成矿带的中段。通过区内变质基底类型、时代和地球物理、地球化学资料等综合研究,证明该区存在一元古宙基底缝合带,即“古岩石圈尺度不连续”,燕山期的强烈构造-岩浆-成矿活动是“古岩石圈尺度不连续”的“再活化”的表现。燕山期火成岩岩石构造组合以及岩浆作用有关的矿种组合表征它也是深达地幔的岩石圈尺度不连续,实质上岩石圈尺度不连续为区内的重要控岩、控矿构造,而燕山期挤压加厚环境中形成的高钾钙碱性系列火成岩及对应的Cu,Au组合、橄榄安粗岩系列火成岩及对应的Fe,S组合是岩浆成矿受壳幔相互作用和幔源物质贡献等因素控制的直接反映。同时,文中还利用了Nd-Sr同位素示踪体系对区内中、新生代地幔类型进行了初步研究,论证了中-新生代岩石圈/软流圈发生了灾变事件,区内晚中生代属富集型地幔(EMⅡ),火成岩为富集型地幔(EMⅡ)与亏损地幔(DM)或下地壳(IC)相互作用的结果,新生代则成为亏损型地幔(DM),这种地幔类型的变化是导致中国东部燕山期大规模岩浆成矿作用和岩石圈减薄的     

Atmospheric nitrous oxide observations above the oceanic surface during the first Chinese Arctic Research Expedition

339 gas samples above oceanic surface were collected on the cruise of "Xuelong" expeditionary ship and nitrous oxide concentrations were analyzed in the laboratory. Results showed that Atmospheric average N2O concentration was 309 ±3. 8nL/L above the surface of northern Pacific and Arctic ocean. N2O concentrations were significantly different on the northbound and southbound track in the range of the same latitude, 308.0 ±3.5 nL/L from Shanghai harbor to the Arctic and 311.9 ±2.5 nL/L from the Arctic to Shanghai harbor. N2O concentration had a greater changing magnitude on the mid- and high-latitude oceanic surface of northern Pacific Ocean than in the other latitudinal ranges. The correlation between the concentrations of the compositions in the aerosol samples and atmospheric N2 O showed that continental sources had a great contribution on atmospheric N2 O concentration above the oceanic surface. Atmospheric N2O concentration significantly increased when the expeditionary ship approached Shanghai h     

Summertime Surface N_2O Concentration Observed on Fildes Peninsula Antarctica:Correlation with Total Atmospheric O_3 and Solar Activity

Three-year summertime surface atmospheric N2O concentrations were observed for the first time on the Fildes Peninsula, maritime Antarctica, and the relationships among the N2O concentration, total atmospheric O3 amount, and sunspot number were analyzed. Solar activity had an important effect on surface N2O concentration and total O3 amount, and increases of sunspot number were followed by decreases in the N2O concentration and total O3 amount. A corresponding relationship exists between the N2O concentration and total atmospheric O3, and ozone destruction was preceded by N2O reduction. We propose that the extended solar activity in the Antarctic summer reduces the stratospheric N2O by converting it into NOx, increases the diffusion of N2O from the troposphere to the stratosphere, decreases the surface atmospheric N2O, and depletes O3 via the chemical reaction between O3 and NOx. Our observation results are consistent with the theory of solar activity regarding the formation of the Antarctic O3 hole.     

岷江干旱河谷植被分类及其主要类型

沿岷江干旱河谷(流域-海拔梯度)剖面线设置“U”形样带3条，对植被和环境因子进行了调查，就岷江干旱河谷调查的48个样方，151个物种创建样地一物种数据库，应用TWINSPAN植被数量分类方法进行分类，并根据中国植被的分类原则和调查的样地物种组成特征，对数量分类的结果进行适度调整，建立了岷江干旱河谷地区植被(生态系统)分类系统。将岷江干旱河谷的植被划分为11个群系，18个群丛，均为灌丛单一类型。11个群系分别为：绣线菊灌丛、小花滇紫草灌丛、黄花亚菊灌丛、莸灌丛、驼绒藜灌丛、小马鞍羊蹄甲-白刺花灌丛、瑞香灌丛、西南野丁香灌丛、檀子栎灌丛、金花小檗-忍冬灌丛、华帚菊-小黄素馨灌丛。     

小浪底库区庙上北滑坡滑带土粘土矿物定向性的X射线衍射研究及其对滑坡的作用

根据小浪底库区庙上北滑坡滑带土粘土矿物的X射线衍射结果，进行定向性定量分析计算，得出滑带土粘土矿物颗粒的定向度为弱到中等定向，并以中等定向为主。因而在水的往返作用下，滑带土具一定的胀缩性及胀缩的不均匀性，再加上粘土矿物本身亦具有的胀缩性及胀缩的可逆性和循环性，故导致滑带土抗剪强度和结构强度不断降低，大大影响斜坡的稳定性。     

中伊朗盆地卡尚地区库姆组层序地层研究

利用野外露头、钻井和地震资料．通过岩相、沉积旋回以及地震层序和地震相分析建立中伊朗盆地库姆组的层序地层系统、框架模式及沉积体系，岩性地层单元与沉积层序的对应关系。研究发现库姆组沉积于一个受全球海平面升降变化及区域构造活动影响而与波斯湾间歇性相通的弧后大陆边缘海盆地，是一顶底面以不整合界面为界的构造层序(超层序组)，其内部发育3个3级层序。依据库姆组沉积时的盆地形态和沉积环境分析将盆地分为岛弧、台地、斜坡、盆地4个次级构造一沉积单元。盆地南缘为障壁岛，由于陆源碎屑少，南带及中带沉积碳酸盐岩为主；而北东缘为陆地，陆源(火山)碎屑供应充分，发育扇、河控三角洲沉积体系；东南岛弧带则沉积碳酸盐岩夹火山碎屑岩为主。