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541.
542.
Guifang Yang Xujiao Zhang Mingzhong Tian Yamin Ping Anze Chen Zhiliang Ge Zhiyun Ni Zhen Yang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(3):671-683
The Zhangjiajie Sandstone Peak Forest Geopark (Zhangjiajie World Geopark) of northwest Hunan, China hosts a well-preserved
sequence of fluvial terraces and karst caves. In this contribution, a comparative study of fluvial terraces with karst caves
along the middle-lower Suoxi River in Zhangjiajie World Geopark is presented to improve the understanding of the development
of striking sandstone landscape in the upper Suoxi River. By integrating geomorphological, sedimentological, and geochronological
techniques, the possible correlation between fluvial terraces and karst caves, as well as their climatic and tectonic implications
is investigated. The available electron spin resonance and thermo-luminescence numerical ages coupled with morphostratigraphic
analysis indicate that aggradation of fluvial terrace levels occurred at ca. 347 ± 34 ka (T4), 104.45 ± 8.88 to 117.62 ± 9.99 ka (T3), 60.95 ± 5.18 ka (T2), and Holocene (T1), followed by the stream incision. Fluvial terrace levels (T4 to T1) correlate morphologically with the karst cave levels (L1 to L4), yet the proposed chronology for the fluvial terrace levels is a bit later than the chronological data obtained from karst
caves. In northwest Hunan, where a unique sandstone peak forest landscape was extensively developed, the fluvial terrace sequences
as well as the cave systems are the important archives for studying the evolution of the sandstone landscape. The beginning
of the sandstone landscape development must be earlier than the aggradation of the fluvial terrace T4, allowing this unique landscape to occur in the Middle Pleistocene. 相似文献
543.
544.
武汉市碳排放的测算及影响因素分解研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究基于14个主要方面碳源,测算了武汉市1996—2009年碳排放量。发现自1996年以来武汉市碳排放呈现"平稳—上升—平稳"的三阶段特征。进一步基于LMDI模型分解碳排放的影响因素,结果表明,能源结构、能源效率因素对碳排放量具有一定抑制作用,但效果不够显著且波动性较强,1997—2009年与基期相比,能源结构、能源效率因素分别累计实现了0.95%,11.30%的碳减排;而经济因素与人口规模因素则对碳排放具有较强推动作用,分别累计产生了64.65%,19.65%的碳增量。最后,据此提出推进武汉市碳减排的对策建议。 相似文献
545.
基于规划协调的乡镇土地利用统一分类研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
清晰统一的用地分类是实现乡镇土地利用总体规划和村镇体系规划协调的基础。回顾了建设和国土部门土地利用分类的历程,提出统一土地分类的原则,对《土地利用现状分类》(GB/T 21010—2007)和《镇规划标准》(GB 50188—2007)中土地分类进行对比分析,确定了统一的乡镇土地利用分类,为有效指导农村区域土地资源利用和规划提供借鉴。统一的乡镇土地利用分类包括12个一级类,59个二级类,其中有9个二级类划分了三级类,三级类共有21个;以《土地利用现状分类》(GB/T 21010—2007)为准的一级类包括8个,二级类包括49个;以《镇规划标准》(GB 50188—2007)为准的二级类1个;两者综合并重新定义的一级类4个,二级类9个。 相似文献
546.
547.
Debris flows frequently occurred in Wenchuan earthquake region from 2008 to 2010, resulting in great damage to localities and being a prolonged threat to reconstruction. Forty three events' data including debris-flow volume, sediment volume and watershed area are analyzed and compared with other debris-flow events in Eastern Italian Alps, burned areas in USA and in Taiwan. The analysis reveals that there is a strong empirical relationship between debris-flow volume and loose materials volume in the earthquake region. In addition, the relationship between debris-flow volume and watershed area in the earthquake region has a wider variation range than that in other three regions while the debris volume also appears to be larger than that in the other three regions, which implies the volume of debris flows with strong influence of earthquakes is larger than that with no such influence and it is hard to predict the post-quake volume only by the watershed area. The comparison of the maximal debris-flow erosion modulus in the Wenchuan region and in Taiwan indicates that debris flows will be very active in a short time after strong earthquake. 相似文献
548.
W. Guo M. C. He Z. F. Yang H. Y. Zhang C. Y. Lin Z. J. Tian 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(7):2015-2024
The burial characteristics and toxicity risks associated with n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the riverine and estuarine sediments of the Daliao River watershed were investigated based on three sediment cores. The sum of the n-alkane and PAH concentrations, normalized to organic carbon (OC), ranged from 0.27 to 63.09 μg g?1OC?1 and 6.60 to 366.20 μg g?1OC?1, respectively. The features and the history of industrial activities, such as the oil and chemical industries and port activities near the river and estuary, resulted in different distributions and sources of hydrocarbons. The sources of pollution were identified based on n-alkane indexes and on diagnostic ratios of PAHs. The diagnostic ratios indicated that the n-alkanes were derived from both biogenic and petrogenic sources in different proportions and that the PAHs were derived primarily from petrogenic combustion sources. A hierarchical cluster analysis grouped the core samples into two clusters. The first cluster, river sediments, corresponded to industrial activities; the second cluster, estuarine sediments, corresponded to port shipping activities. The toxic potency of the PAHs in the cores was assessed in terms of toxic equivalents (TEQs) of dibenzo[a,h]anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene. The top layer of the sediment in the cores had a relatively high toxicity. The TEQ values for benzo(a)pyrene (TEQBaP) and dioxins (TEQTCDD) furnished a consistent assessment of the PAHs in the sediment cores. 相似文献
549.
Phosphorus biological cycle in the different Suaeda salsa marshes of the Yellow River estuary, China
Zhigao Sun Xiaojie Mou Hanqin Tian Hongli Song Huanhuan Jiang Jinyong Zhao Wanlong Sun Wenguang Sun 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(8):2595-2608
Much uncertainty exists in the phosphorus (P) cycle in the marshes of the intertidal zone. This study explored the P cycling in the two Suaeda salsa marshes [middle S. salsa marsh (MSM) and low S. salsa marsh (LSM)] of the Yellow River estuary during April 2008 to November 2009. Results showed seasonal fluctuations and vertical distributions of P in different S. salsa marsh soils, and variations in P content in different parts of plants due to water and salinity status. The N/P ratios of the different S. salsa were 9.87 ± 1.23 and 15.73 ± 1.77, respectively, indicating that plant growth in MSM was limited by N, while that in LSM was limited by both N and P. The S. salsa litter in MSM released P to the environment throughout the year, while that in LSM immobilized P from the environment at all times. The P absorption coefficients of S. salsa in MSM and LSM were very low (0.0010 and 0.0001, respectively), while the biological cycle coefficients were high (0.739 and 0.812, respectively). The P turnovers among compartments of MSM and LSM showed that the uptake amounts of roots were 0.4275 and 0.0469 g m?2 year?1 and the values of aboveground parts were 1.1702 and 0.1833 g m?2 year?1, the re-translocation quantities from aboveground parts to roots were 0.8544 and 0.1452 g m?2 year?1, the translocation amounts from roots to soil were 0.0137 and 0.0012 g m?2 year?1, the translocation quantities from aboveground living bodies to litter were 0.3157 and 0.0381 g m?2 year?1, and the annual return quantities from litter to soil were less than 0.0626 and ?0.0728 g m?2 year?1 (minus represented immobilization), respectively. P was an important limiting factor in S. salsa marshes, especially in LSM. S. salsa was seemingly well adapted to the low-nutrient condition and the vulnerable habitat, and the nutrient enrichment due to the import of N and P from the Yellow River estuary would be a potential threat to the S. salsa marshes. 相似文献
550.
The Coronal Multichannel Polarimeter (CoMP) measures not only the polarization of coronal emission, but also the full radiance profiles of coronal emission lines. For the first time, CoMP observations provide high-cadence image sequences of the coronal line intensity, Doppler shift, and line width simultaneously over a large field of view. By studying the Doppler shift and line width we may explore more of the physical processes of the initiation and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Here we identify a list of CMEs observed by CoMP and present the first results of these observations. Our preliminary analysis shows that CMEs are usually associated with greatly increased Doppler shift and enhanced line width. These new observations provide not only valuable information to constrain CME models and probe various processes during the initial propagation of CMEs in the low corona, but also offer a possible cost-effective and low-risk means of space-weather monitoring. 相似文献