全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2283篇 |
免费 | 158篇 |
国内免费 | 93篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 111篇 |
大气科学 | 129篇 |
地球物理 | 621篇 |
地质学 | 1175篇 |
海洋学 | 108篇 |
天文学 | 186篇 |
综合类 | 38篇 |
自然地理 | 166篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 70篇 |
2021年 | 89篇 |
2020年 | 83篇 |
2019年 | 93篇 |
2018年 | 199篇 |
2017年 | 167篇 |
2016年 | 232篇 |
2015年 | 99篇 |
2014年 | 232篇 |
2013年 | 225篇 |
2012年 | 121篇 |
2011年 | 134篇 |
2010年 | 75篇 |
2009年 | 93篇 |
2008年 | 73篇 |
2007年 | 58篇 |
2006年 | 71篇 |
2005年 | 42篇 |
2004年 | 31篇 |
2003年 | 38篇 |
2002年 | 30篇 |
2001年 | 28篇 |
2000年 | 25篇 |
1999年 | 15篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 10篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有2534条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
241.
Parvaiz A. Khan Sharad C. Tripathi O. A. Troshichev Malik A. Waheed A. M. Aslam A. K. Gwal 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2014,349(2):647-656
Geomagnetic field variations during five major Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events of solar cycle 23 have been investigated in the present study. The SEP events of 1 October 2001, 4 November 2001, 22 November 2001, 21 April 2002 and 14 May 2005 have been selected to study the geomagnetic field variations at two high-latitude stations, Thule (77.5° N, 69.2° W) and Resolute Bay (74.4° E, 94.5° W) of the northern polar cap. We have used the GOES proton flux in seven different energy channels (0.8–4 MeV, 4–9 MeV, 9–15 MeV, 15–40 MeV, 40–80 MeV, 80–165 MeV, 165–500 MeV). All the proton events were associated with geoeffective or Earth directed CMEs that caused intense geomagnetic storms in response to geospace. We have taken high-latitude indices, AE and PC, under consideration and found fairly good correlation of these with the ground magnetic field records during the five proton events. The departures of the H component during the events were calculated from the quietest day of the month for each event and have been represented as ΔH THL and ΔH RES for Thule and Resolute Bay, respectively. The correspondence of spectral index, inferred from event integrated spectra, with ground magnetic signatures ΔH THL and ΔH RES along with Dst and PC indices have been brought out. From the correlation analysis we found a very strong correlation to exist between the geomagnetic field variation (ΔHs) and high-latitude indices AE and PC. To find the association of geomagnetic storm intensity with proton flux characteristics we derived the correspondence between the spectral indices and geomagnetic field variations (ΔHs) along with the Dst and AE index. We found a strong correlation (0.88) to exist between the spectral indices and ΔHs and also between spectral indices and AE and PC. 相似文献
242.
V.G. Trifonov A.E. Dodonov E.V. Sharkov D.I. Golovin I.V. Chernyshev V.A. Lebedev T.P. Ivanova D.M. Bachmanov M. Rukieh O. Ammar H. Minini A.-M. Al Kafri O. Ali 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2011,199(3-4):177-192
New data on geology and 21 K–Ar dates of the Late Oligocene–Quaternary basalts in Syria, combined with analysis of the new and previous data are used to reconstruct the volcanic history and relations between it and tectonic events. Volcanism began at the end of Oligocene (26–24 Ma) and was concentrated in the Late Oligocene–Early Miocene along a N-trending band, which stretches from the Jebel Arab (Harrat Ash Shaam) up to Kurd Dagh and southern Turkey. Activity waned in the Middle Miocene (17–12 Ma), but was resumed in the same band in the Tortonian and increased in the Messinian and Early Pliocene (6.3–4 Ma), when volcanism spread to the Shin Plateau and its coastal extension. After a brief hiatus ~ 4–3.5 Ma, volcanism became still more intensive and spread from the N-trending band to the east into the northern margin of the Mesopotamian Foredeep and to the west into the Dead Sea Transform zone. Additional eruptions continued into the Holocene.Volcanism lasted > 25 million years in the Jebel Arab Highland and > 15 million years in the Aleppo Plateau. The long duration of volcanism in the same parts of the moving Arabian plate and absence of records of one-way migration of the activity mean that the magmatic sources moved together with the plate, i.e., they were situated within the lithosphere mantle. Coincidence of the tectonic and volcanic stages of the Arabian plate development proves that volcanic activity depended on the geodynamic situation, caused by the plate motion. Situated within the lithosphere, magmatic sources within this transverse band were possibly caused by thermal and deforming influences of the asthenospheric lateral flow, moved laterally from the Ethiopia–Afar deep superplume. 相似文献
243.
Studies in the past have tried to reproduce the mechanical behaviour of granular materials by proposing constitutive relations based on a common assumption that model parameters and parameters describing the properties, including gradation of individual grains are inevitably linked. However successful these models have proved to be, they cannot account for the changes in granular assembly behaviour if the grains start to break during mechanical loading. This paper proposes to analyse the relation between grading change and the mechanical behaviour of granular assembly. A way to model the influence of grain breakage is to use a critical state‐based model. The influence of the amount of grain breakage during loading, depending on the individual grain strength and size distribution, can be introduced into constitutive relations by means of a new parameter that controls the evolution of critical state with changes in grain size distribution. Experimental data from a calcareous sand, a quartz sand, and a rockfill material were compared with numerical results and good‐quality simulations were obtained. The main consequences of grain breakage are increased compressibility and a gradual dilatancy disappearance in the granular material. The critical state concept is also enriched by considering its overall relation to the evolution of the granular material. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
244.
In this paper, Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been used to study the effects of permeability and tortuosity on flow through saturated particulate media and identify the relationships between permeability and tortuosity with other parameters such as particles diameter, grain specific surface, and porosity. LBM is a simple kinematic model that can incorporate the essential physics of microscopic and mesoscopic processes involved in flow through granular soils. The obtained results indicate that the 2D LB model, due to its inherent theoretical advantages, is capable of demonstrating that the porosity and specific surface are the most influential parameters in determining the intrinsic permeability of granular media. The obtained results show that particles' size diameter has a two‐fold effect on the coefficient of permeability: one is through specific surface and the other is by tortuosity factor. Numerical study also reveals that tortuosity of granular soils decreases almost linearly with increasing the porosity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
245.
246.
1INTRODUCTIONIn impervious area dry dustand dirtbuildup con-tains heavy metals,nutrients,pesticides and organ-ics.Many studies(APWA,1969;Sartor and Boyd,1972;Pitt and Amy,1973;Pitt,1979,1985;Yousef and Wanielista,1990;Wanielista andYousef,1993,Ball,et al.… 相似文献
247.
Acoustic propagation in shallow water is examined. Multipath propagation and extensive boundary interactions, which along with a host of other phenomena produce a highly variable and often unpredictable acoustic field, are discussed. The responsible mechanisms, and hence the acoustic effects, cover a wide range of temporal and spatial scales and are classified as either deterministic or random, although the two types often act in concert. Because of extensive interactions with the sound field, the bottom can severely degrade waterborne propagation, although the sea bottom (and subbottom) can provide a seismic path that not only is relatively stable, but exists even under environmental conditions that preclude an effective waterborne path. Propagation in the bottom is particularly significant at very low frequencies. These various aspects of shallow-water acoustics are illustrated using the results of experiments conducted in diverse geographic areas 相似文献
248.
Khan R. Gamberg B. Power D. Walsh J. Dawe B. Pearson W. Millan D. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1994,19(4):540-548
Northern Radar's Cape Race Ground Wave Radar (GWR) system became operational in the fall of 1990. The radar facility has the potential to provide surveillance of over 160000 square kilometres of the Grand Banks off Newfoundland, from a coastal station. GWR is a multipurpose sensor capable of detecting ships, monitoring icebergs and sea-ice, and measuring surface currents and sea state. The radar system employs a frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave (FMICW) as the transmit waveform. This waveform uses a pulse compression technique that combines good range resolution and high maximum range with a relatively high duty cycle. In this paper, we describe the implementation of the FMICW waveform in a practical real time radar system. We also show some examples of vessel, iceberg, acid aircraft detection and tracking using the Cape Race facility. These examples demonstrate that the Cape Race GWR may be used as an effective tool to assist in the management, surveillance, and enforcement of Canadian interests in the Exclusive Economic Zone 相似文献
249.
Alireza Sharafzadeh Ali Esmaeily Maryam Dehghani 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(11):1785-1793
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a newly-developed remote sensing technology that works in all weather and independent of daylight. Recent satellite designs such as TerraSAR-x, which have resolutions of a couple of meters and sub-meters, have provided appropriate data for modelling and monitoring of urban areas. Image classification and height information extraction is possible considering the nature of SAR data. In this paper, a proper classification method for high-resolution SAR images has been used in urban areas. This classifier is based on statistical models. First, statistical models that are well adapted to urban SAR images are selected. Initial labelling is performed using the maximum likelihood method. A method based on Markov random fields is applied to improve the results by considering neighbourhood information. Meanwhile, topographic information is extracted using the phase difference obtained from SAR interferometry. After classification and height extraction, the homogeneous regions consisting of locations with similar objects are determined. The homogeneous region adjacency graph are generated using vectors containing classification information, extracted objects, height of pixels forming each region, and information on the neighbouring areas. Height and classification information are then merged by assigning height conditions based on the nature of objects and optimizing an energy function. The results obtained, including buildings, streets, and corner reflectors, are easily recognizable. The overall accuracy is improved from 57% in the initial classification to 95% in the employed procedure. Moreover, the accuracy of height estimation is about 2.74 m, which is acceptable for height estimations of buildings with more than one floor. 相似文献
250.
An integrated geological-petrophysical analysis of the rudist-bearing sequence of the Cretaceous Sarvak Formation is given one giant oilfield, and provides an improved understanding of this main reservoir in the Abadan Plain, in the Zagros Basin, SW Iran. The main objective of this study is to evaluate reservoir potential of the Sarvak Formation, and then to utilize the calibrated well log signature to correlate reservoir potential in un-cored wells. Eight main facies are recognized and categori... 相似文献