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901.
本文首先回顾了岩土物理化学力学组的发展历史,介绍了30年来的研究方向和所取得的科研成果。最后,对今后的发展提出了一些建议。 相似文献
902.
地震工程学的研究现状和发展趋势 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
就当前地震工程学研究中的一些基本问题,如地震危险性分析、结构的抗震分析和设计、结构控制等进行讨论,概括了这些领域研究工作的进展、剖析存在的问题和展望发展趋势,并提出了一些有待深化研究的问题。 相似文献
903.
904.
Triple-frequency signals have thus far been available for all satellites of BeiDou and Galileo systems and for some GPS satellites. The main benefit of triple-frequency signals is their formation of extra-wide-lane (EWL) combinations whose ambiguities can be instantaneously fixed for several 10–100 km baselines. Yet, this benefit has not been fully exploited and only used as a constraint for narrow-lane (NL) ambiguity resolution (AR) in most previous studies. In this study, we comprehensively investigate the real-time kinematic (RTK) capabilities of EWL observations, also referred to as EWL RTK (ERTK). We begin by mathematically expressing the ease of EWL AR and the difficulty of NL AR, respectively, using a numerical demonstration. We then present the mathematical models for ERTK including the ionosphere-ignored, ionosphere-float and ionosphere-smoothed types. The experiments are conducted using a four-station network of real triple-frequency BeiDou data with baseline lengths from 33 to 75 km. The results show that the ionosphere-ignored ERTK achieves real-time solutions with a horizontal accuracy of about 10 cm. Although the ionosphere-float ERTK solutions are very noisy, they can be quickly improved at the centimetre level by further applying the ionosphere-smoothed model. Note that such accurate results are very promising and already satisfy many applications without complicated NL AR. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study to make full use of EWL observations of triple-frequency signals on RTK. 相似文献
905.
用X射线光谱法测定锰的X射线发射谱的细结构及锰的价态分析 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
在普通的XRF光谱仪上测定金属锰,氧化锰、锰的化合物中MnKβ发射谱带,经谱数据处理获得了谱线的轮廓线及谱峰参数(峰位,峰高,峰宽,峰宽,峰函数比例因子,不对称因子);研究了谱参数与价态间的关系。结果表明MnKβ谱带结构与化合价,氧化数,化学键及配位状况有关,利用所得出的规律对太平洋锰结核的价态作了定性测定,并用谱峰分解法对Mn3O4试样进行化学价态定量分析的浓度量,得到满意的结果。 相似文献
906.
907.
Sorption of Th(IV) on Na-rectorite: Effect of HA, ionic strength, foreign ions and temperature 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The sorption of Th(IV) on Na-rectorite as a function of pH, ionic strength, temperature, soil humic acid (HA) and foreign ions was studied by using a batch technique under ambient conditions. The results indicated that the sorption of Th(IV) on Na-rectorite is strongly depended on pH, ionic strength and temperature. The presence of HA enhanced Th(IV) sorption at low pH and had no obvious effect on Th(IV) sorption at high pH. The sorption of Th(IV) decreased with increasing temperature, indicating that the sorption process of Th(IV) on rectorite was exothermic. Sodium-rectorite and HA were characterized by acid–base titration to obtain the pKa, and the constant capacitance model (CCM) modeled the sorption data very well with the aid of FITEQL 3.2. HA/Th(IV) addition sequences affected Th(IV) sorption in the ternary systems. The sorption of Th(IV) on Na-rectorite may be dominated by surface complexation, while cation exchange also contributes partly to the sorption. 相似文献
908.
Hongmei Liu Dong Liu Peng Yuan Daoyong Tan Jingong Cai Hongping He Jianxi Zhu Zhiguang Song 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2013,40(6):479-489
The effects of heating and cation exchange on the solid acidity of montmorillonite were investigated using n-butylamine titration in non-aqueous system and diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The number of total, Brønsted, and Lewis acid sites showed the same modulation tendency with increasing heating temperature, reaching a maximum at 120 °C and subsequently decreasing until it reaches a minimum at 600 °C. The Lewis acid sites result from unsaturated Al3+ cations, and their number increased with the heating temperature due to the dehydration and dehydroxylation of montmorillonite. The generation and evolution of Brønsted acidity were mainly related to interlayer-polarized water molecules. Water adsorbed on the unsaturated Al3+ ions also acted as a Brønsted acid. The acid strength of the Brønsted acid sites was dependent on the polarization ability of the exchangeable cation, the amount of interlayer water, and the degree of dissociation of the interlayer water coordinated to exchangeable cations. All cation-exchanged montmorillonites exhibited different numbers of acid sites and various distributions of acid strength. Brønsted acidity was predominant in Al3+-exchanged montmorillonite, whereas the Na+- and K+-exchanged montmorillonites showed predominantly Lewis acidity. Moreover, Mg2+- and Li+-exchanged montmorillonites exhibited approximately equal numbers of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. The Brønsted acidity of cation-exchanged montmorillonite was positively correlated with the charge-to-radius ratios of the cations, whereas the Lewis acidity was highly dependent on the electronegativity of the cations. The acid strengths of Al3+- and Mg2+-exchanged montmorillonites were remarkably higher than those of monovalent cation-exchanged montmorillonites, showing the highest acid strength (H 0 ≤ ?3.0). Li+- and Na+-exchanged montmorillonites exhibited an acid strength distribution of ?3.0 < H 0 ≤ 4.8, with the acid strength ranging primarily from 1.5 to 3.3 in Li+-exchanged montmorillonite, whereas only weaker-strength acid sites (1.5 < H 0 ≤ 4.8) were present in K+-exchanged montmorillonite. The results of the catalysis experiments indicated that montmorillonite promoted the thermal decomposition of the model organic. The catalytic activity showed a positive correlation with the solid acidity of montmorillonite and was affected by cation exchange, which occurs naturally in geological processes. 相似文献
909.
膨胀土地基强夯处理效果的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了河南某工地膨胀土地基的强夯处理效果,着重研究了强夯处理前后其工程地质、性质、胀缩特性等的差异,同时还讨论了这些差异与粘土矿物组成之间的关系。研究结果表明,经强夯处理后的膨胀土,其膨胀等级提高,膨胀压力明显增加,而不同荷载下的膨胀率或收缩率在一定深度内明显降低。 相似文献
910.
为准确地掌握工作面采动过程中顶板岩层破规律及其特征,获得相应的技术参数,消除突水威胁、保障煤层安全开采等煤矿防治水工作。运用分布式光纤监测技术可以在其长度范围内连续监测覆岩在开采过程中应力应变的分布及大小,获得煤层覆岩的变形规律。结果表明,这种监测方法的突出优点就是改变了传统的点式监测方式,弥补了点式监测的不足,实现了实时、长距离和分布式的监测目标。该技术在内蒙古某煤矿"两带"高度探测中取得结果和并行电法监测相互验证,证明了该方法的可行性。 相似文献