全球热液场的分布

不考虑图9中的快速洋脊与慢速洋脊之间的基本特征,δ（3He％）的分布更为复杂。沿着东太平洋快速扩张洋脊,δ（3He％）值显示出不连续的高值,而不是相对扩张速率显示出均一的分布。而没有想到的是低值区出现在从印度洋三联点到东太平洋洋隆一智利洋隆三联点处。     

利用多种测井数据估算阿拉斯加北部陆坡Mount Elbert井原位气体水合物饱和度

2006年,美国地质调查局（USGS）完成了对可用的2D和3D地震数据的解释和分析后,提出了一个确定阿拉斯加北部Milne Point区域永冻带下气体水合物稳定带内的水合物矿藏的可行办法。为了验证USGS的预测并获得关键的储层数据,也是为了形成长期生产测试计划发展的需要,2007年2月,在Mount Elbert矿区进行的钻井取得了多种测井数据和岩芯数据,并将这些数据用来估算水合物原位饱和度及储层属性。气体水合物饱和度可根据不同的测井数据估算,如核磁共振（NMR）,P波与S波速度,电阻率以及孔隙水盐度等。根据NMR测井数据估算的气体水合物饱和度与通过P波和S波估算的结果非常吻合。由于原生水的低盐度及低的形成温度,原生水的电阻率与页岩的电阻率是相当的,因此在利用电阻率测井数据准确估算气体水合物饱和度时,必需解决粘土的影响。确定二个气体水合物高饱和区段,上部区段的厚度约43ft,平均气体水合物饱和度为54％,下部区段厚度53ft,平均气体水合物饱和度为50％,二个区段的最大饱和度都达到75％。     

蛇绿岩铬铁矿成矿新模型:流体不混溶作用

尽管富水流体参与蛇绿岩豆英状铬铁矿形成过程已被广泛提及,但流体的作用和机制仍缺乏天然样品的证据证实.文章对保存完好的土耳其Kizilda(g)蛇绿岩和研究程度较高的西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩的铬铁矿床进行了岩石学、矿物学和地球化学的系统总结,展示了流体活动的证据,探讨了铬铁矿结晶与岩浆演化过程中流体不混溶的关系,进而建立了铬铁矿...     

桑沟湾养殖栉孔扇贝食物来源研究——脂肪酸标志法

运用脂肪酸标志法分析了桑沟湾养殖栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)春、夏季食物来源组成。结果表明,桑沟湾养殖栉孔扇贝饵料组成中含有硅藻类、细菌、大型绿藻类、鞭毛藻类等饵料来源,且各种饵料来源比例具有较显著的季节变化。采样期间硅藻脂肪酸标志16:1/16:0(相对质量分数比,下同)从0.91降至0.45,表明扇贝硅藻类饵料来源比例呈逐渐下降趋势;细菌脂肪酸标志18:1n-7/18:1n-9比值从0.31升至0.90,奇数碳、支链脂肪酸相对质量分数从2.15%升至3.28%,表明扇贝细菌类饵料来源比例呈逐渐上升趋势;绿藻脂肪酸标志Σ(18:2n-6 18:3n-3)质量分数从2.78%升至5.77%,表明大型绿藻来源有机质饵料比例逐渐上升。栉孔扇贝脂肪酸组成中较高比例的DHA表明扇贝摄取了富含DHA的有机质,如鞭毛藻类、微型浮游动物等。栉孔扇贝食物来源的季节变化很可能是由水体中潜在食物来源的季节变化所导致。     

A New Troodontid Dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning Province, China

A new troodontid dinosaur,Daliansaurus liaoningensis gen.et sp.nov.,is erected based on a nearly complete specimen from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Beipiao City,Liaoning Province,China.This well preserved skeleton provides important new details of the anatomy for Liaoning troodontids,and gives new insight into their phylogenetic relationships and evolution.Daliansaurus is distinguished from other troodontids by an enlarged ungual on pedal digit IV,which is approximately the same size as the sickle-shaped second ungual,and is differentiated from other Liaoning troodontids by a number of characters of the skull,manus,pelvis,and hindlimb.A phylogenetic analysis recovers Daliansaurus within a subclade of Liaoning troodontids that also includes Sinovenator,Sinusonasus,and Mei.We erect a name for this group—Sinovenatorinae—and argue that it reflects a localized radiation of small-bodied troodontids in the Early Cretaceous of eastern Asia,similar to previously recognized radiations of Liaoning dromaeosaurids and avialans.As more Liaoning theropods are discovered,it is becoming apparent that small,feathered paravians were particularly diverse during the Early Cretaceous,and future work is needed to clarify how this diversity arose,which species coexisted,and how these numerous species partitioned niches.     

Climate Changes in the 21st Century over the Asia-Pacific Region Simulated by the NCAR CSM and PCM

The Climate System Model (CSM) and the Parallel Climate Model (PCM), two coupled global climate models without flux adjustments recently developed at NCAR, were used to simulate the 20th century climate using historical greenhouse gas and sulfate aerosol forcing. These simulations were extended through the 21st century under two newly developed scenarios, a business-as-usual case (BAU, CO2≈710 ppmv in 2100) and a CO2 stabilization case (STA550, CO2≈540 ppmv in 2100). The simulated changes in temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture over the Asia-Pacific region (10°-60°N, 55°-155°E) are analyzed, with a focus on the East Asian summer monsoon rainfall and climate changes over the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Under the BAU scenario, both the models produce surface warming of about 3-5℃ in winter and 2-3℃ in summer over most Asia. Under the STA550 scenario, the warming is reduced by 0.5-1.0℃ in winter and by 0.5℃ in summer. The warming is fairly uniform at the low latitudes and does not induce significant changes in the zonal mean Hadley circulation over the Asia-Pacific do main. While the regional precipitation changes from single CSM integrations are noisy, the PCM ensemble mean precipitation shows 10%-30% increases north of ～ 30°N and ～ 10% decreases south of ～ 30°N over the Asia-Pacific region in winter and 10%-20% increases in summer precipitation over most of the region. Soil moisture changes are small over most Asia. The CSM single simulation suggests a 30% increase in river runoff into the Three Gorges Dam, but the PCM ensemble simulations show small changes in the runoff.     

An ensemble forecast of the South China Sea monsoon

1.IntroductionThispaperexploresanensembleforecaststrategyforthelarge--scaletropicalpredictionproblem.Thisisgeneralizedfromarecentstudyontheuseofempiricalorthogonalfunction(EOF)--basedperturbationsforhurricanetrackensembleforecasts,(ZhangandKrishnamur...     

中天山试验区人工增雨(雪)试验: 方案设计与初步结果

试验初期,完成了多部雷达的架设、观测和数据质量监控。在2019年夏季以乌鲁木齐牧试站为基地成功观测了多个降水过程,完成了气溶胶和冰核的连续地面观测以及无人机观测;在2019-2020年冬季成功观测两次降雪过程,并进行了烟炉增雪作业。     

西秦岭新生代夷平面发育特征和年代及其意义

青藏高原多圈层相互作用研究一直是国际地学界研究的热点和难点,而高原各主要块体精确的内外耦合作用记录成为取得突破的关键.西秦岭地处高原东北向生长的关键节点部位,夷平面保留完好,具典型性,是研究区域内外力耦合作用的良好载体.在野外考察的基础上,通过地貌因子提取法和目视解译法,对该区进行定量解译分析发现,山顶面与主夷平面分别...