缺少密度或孔隙度测定数据的块体堆积速率的计算

缺少密度或孔隙度测定数据的块体堆积速率的计算Ｔ．Ｊ．Ｓ．Ｓｙｋｅｓ等块体堆积速率（ＭＡＲ）计算已被应用于深海钻探计划（ＤＳＤＰ）和大洋钻探计划（ＯＤＰ）岩心，以研究大洋盆地的沉积物演化，或把ＭＡＲ数据分离成岩石学成分以决定方解石补偿深度（ＣＣＤ）的历...     

On low-pass digital filters in oceanography

-Two types of filters are widely used to remove semidirunal and diurnal tidal signals and other high frequency noises in oceanography. The first type of filters uses moving average with weights in time domain, and can be easily operated. Some data will be lost at each end of the time series, especially for the low low-pass filters. The second type of filters uses the discrete Fourier transform filter (DFTF) which operates in the frequency domain, and there are no data loss at the ends for the forward transform. However, owing to the Gibbs phenomenon and the discrete sampling (Nyquist effect) , ringing appears in the inverse transformed data, which is especially serious at each end. Thus some data at the ends are also discarded. The present study tries to find out what causes the ringing and then to seek for methods to overcome the ringing. We have found that there are two kinds of ringings, one is the Gibbs phenomenon, as defined before. The other is the "Nyquist"ringing due to sampling Nyquist critical     

周期浅析

本文分析了滑动平均的数据处理方法对周期分析结果产生的影响。提出了过程变量同号积分的数据处理方法,并对亚洲西风指数序列进行了试验分析。分析结果表明,周期的长短与振幅的大小有密切关系,亚洲逐日西风指数的周期振荡具有明显的季节特征。     

解决鱼虾混获问题的刍想

在世界虾渔业中,捕捞效率最高的是虾拖网。因此国外不断改进虾拖网渔具渔法或设计新型虾拖网。在我国南海,现有的虾渔具为拖网、流刺网、张网、敷网等,也以拖网渔获量占居优势。长期以来,鱼虾混获成为世界虾拖网渔业者迫切希望解决的一个重大问题。在我国南海虾拖网渔业中,鱼虾混获问题也十分突出。 (1)南海现用的虾拖网主要是扒罟网,这些网的网目尺寸比鱼拖网小得多,尤其是     

AN ECOSYSTEM MODEL ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF MINE TAILINGS ON THE EUPHOTIC ZONE OF A PELAGIC ECOSYSTEM

A computer analysis was performed on experimental results obtained when mine tailings were added to seawater. The Mixed Upper-Layer Ecotrophie Simulation (MULES) model was tested by changing the extinction coefficient and the abundance of heterotrophic zooflagellates. Increasing the extinction coefficient resulted in a delay of phytoplankton growth, an increase in zooplankton standing stock and better growth of autotrophic flagellates compared with diatoms. Zooflagellates in the ecosystem influence the growth of zooplankton; secondary production by zooplankton was markedly depressed at low levels of zooflagellates. These results are believed to be of general significance for the diagnosis of suspended sediment effects on planktonic ecosystems.     

Numerical Simulation of Residual Circulation due to Bottom Rouglmess Variability Under Tidal Flows in A Semi-Enclosed Bay

Nowadays there are some chronic serious environmental problems, such as eutrophication, blue tide and so on, in a complicated coastal zone or a semi-enclosed bay, because the water exchanges between an inner bay and an outer sea is weak compared with the supply of contaminant. Under this situation, a method to improve the water quality by 3-dimensional small unsymmetrical structures has been proposed by Komatsu et al. In this paper, several numerical simulations of the tidal current and concentration for various arrangements of bottom roughness in a semi-enclosed model bay are carfled out with a depth-averaged 2-D numerical model. The model is solved by the hybrid finite analytic method with nonstaggered grid. And the SIMPLES algorithm with Rhie and Chow＇ s momentum interpolation technique is used for the simulation. The effect of Komatsu＇ s method for water purification is examined by numerical simulation. The result of numerical experiment indicates that it is possible to generate a new tidal residual current and to activate a tidal exchange by bottom roughness arrangement only.     

Assessing degradation capability of aerobic indigenous microflora in PAH-contaminated brackish sediments

A study was conducted to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) distribution and microbial population changes in brackish sediments from an Italian lagoon included in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. The presence and level of PAH-degrading bacteria were estimated by the most probable number (MPN) enumeration technique, whereas degradation capability towards target compounds was checked against loss of spiked PAHs (Phenanthrene, Anthracene and Fluoranthene) in MPN tubes after incubation in optimal conditions. Chemical analyses and microbiological counts suggested a potential for PAHs biodegradation by natural occurring populations of sediment microorganisms, thus indicating an "optimal range" in sediment PAHs concentrations, outside of which the natural selection of the indigenous microflora did not occur. The MPN procedure here described, provided an effective and reliable way to simultaneously determine microbial population densities and subsequent confirmation of the biodegradation capability of sediment indigenous microflora when exposed to laboratory and environmental concentrations of PAHs.     

渔业与埃尔—尼诺预报

埃尔－尼诺事件，不仅仅是海洋与气象的理论问题，而且已成为有商业价值的经济问题。在渔业部门已将它作为渔业管理的参数之一。本文简略地介绍埃尔－尼诺与渔业关系；而且用中国南海西沙气象台３２年的资料，根据数理统计原理，建立预报埃尔－尼诺方程。这种预报方法，便于渔业部门使用，也是一种补充预报方法。     

第十三届海洋测绘综合性学术研讨会开幕词

各位委员、各位代表: 中国测绘学会第六届海洋测绘专业委员会第一次全体会议暨第十三届海洋测绘综合性学术研讨会现在开幕！ 出席本次会议的有来自交通部、水利部、国家海洋局、国家测绘局、中国科学院、各大专院校、科     

新月细柱藻（Cylindrotheca closterium）种复合体研究

研究并建立采自胶州湾的11株大小存在差异的新月细柱藻单克隆培养体系。对其核编码的SSU rDNA基因和叶绿体编码的rbcL基因进行了克隆和测序。序列分析表明，11株C．closterium的SSU rDNA基因和rbcL基因存在很大的序列变异。依据rhcL基因核苷酸序列推导的氨基酸残基变异则明显小于核苷酸变异。分别通过两基因核苷酸序列构建的邻接（Neighbor joining，NJ）系统发育树将11株C．closterium分成相同的6个分支（clade）。通过SSU rDNA基因构建的NJ树将所有的细柱藻聚为一支。SSU rDNA基因NJ树将细柱藻分为2个明显的支系（lineage）：支系Ⅰ由12株C．closterium组成，包括本实验分离到的全部11株C．closterium，该支系中部分节点没有得到较高的支持率（〈50％）；支系Ⅱ包括2株C．closterium和1株C．fusiformis。在rbcL基因NJ树中细柱藻也形成2个支系，11株C．closterium组成1个支系，系统树中每个节点均得到很高的支持率（〉70％）。统计分析表明，支系Ⅰ中株系间的平均遗传距离高于其它微藻种的种内变异程度，差异极显著（P〈0．01）。上述分析结果证实C．closterium实际上是1个种复合体（species complex），可以被细分为若干个种。