咸淡水交汇区重金属粒径分配特征的模拟实验

利用从珠江莲花山河段采集的淡水和有大洋海过滤后，按不同盐度混后，模拟河口咸淡水交汇区重金属在水中各微粒级的分配特征，实验结果表明，在各种盐度条件下，Ｆｅ，Ａｌ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ和Ｃｄ主要以粒径＞１．０μｍ和＜０．２２μｍ的微粒存在于水中，在加入Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ａｌ＾３＋模拟实验中，重金属绝大部分含量形成粒径＞１．０μｍ的微粒，其中Ｆｅ达９９％以上，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ，约９５％，Ａｌ约有７０％－９０％，Ｃｄ约４     

大西洋中脊的热液矿泉

在过去10年中，通过国际合作，对大西洋中肯的热液矿泉及周围地质背景进行了研究。TAG热液矿泉位于26°N，45°W，距大西洋中脊轴数公里，它是世界卜已发现的最大热液矿泉之一．这个活动的热泉位于一直径为10m的烟囱上，该烟囱位于一直径为150－200m、高40m的椭圆形硫化矿山上．在这个硫化矿山附近几公里范围内还发现了几个不活动的热泉。TAG靠近两条转换断层之间的大西洋中脊．区域重力调查表明，TAG北部的剪切带在向北漂移．分析TAG海底玄武岩表明，源岩在10－15km深处．从旁侧声纳资料看出，TAG由两个复杂的烟囱组成．近海底地球…     

海上平台桶形基础模型压力压贯与负压沉贯试验研究

介绍了海上平台桶形基础模型（模型桶）压力压贯和负压沉贯的试验概况,对比分析了两者贯入力的巨大差异和产生的原因,给出了模型桶压力压贯中贯入深度与压力的关系,负压没贯负压与贯入深度,抽吸泵流量,基土渗流量,桶内土塞隆起之间的关系,试验结果表明,负压沉贯可以大大降低以砂质粉土为基土的土抗力,为在胜利油田类似基土海域海上平台应用桶形基础提供了试验依据,为海上现场导管架桶形基础平台的安装就位施工和控制提供了     

富钴结壳分布的分形特征

利用我国在西太平洋国际海底两个海山获得的富钴结壳资料进行分形研究后发现，富钴结壳的分布具有变维分形分布的特点，结壳丰度呈二阶累计和分形分布，结壳厚度呈多阶不定累计和分形分布，通过计算得到了它们各自的分维数，进而对两个海山的结壳资源进行了初步评价。     

闽南：台湾浅滩渔场变性水团的初步分析

根据聚类方法，对闽南－台湾浅滩渔场变性水团进行划分，本海区共有６个变性水团。讨论各个变性水团在不同季节消长变化规律。     

检测与测绘藻类的光导纤维荧光计

长期以来，人们一直在寻求研制现场探测海洋中各种无机及有机悬浮物质的方法和仪器。近十年多来研制出的各种不同用途的现场荧光计中，光导纤维荧光计是较为先进与实用的。本文介绍的检测与测绘海洋中藻类的光导纤维荧光计是以光导纤维为基础的简单仪器。仪器的激发光以及从海洋中藻类叶绿素发出的荧光都是沿着光导纤维束传播的，而且可以根据检测藻类的需要随时更换激发光波长。它对于海洋中藻类体内叶绿素ａ的浓度检测下限一般为０     

汞、镉在珠江口海域水体中迁移规律的研究

为探明汞、镉在珠江口海域的迁移转化、最后归宿及评价海区对汞、镉的自净能力,从1980年1月—1984年10月,我们对汞、镉在本海域(113°31′—114°30′E,21°30′—23°02′N的范围)的含量分布、迁移的主要形式、吸附交换情况以及它们在沉积物中的化学形态等,进行了较为系统的研究。     

南海断裂与断块构造

南海及围区的断裂构造可分为印支期特提斯碰撞陆缘断裂体系,燕山期华夏活动陆缘断裂体系和喜马拉雅期东亚扩张陆缘断裂体系。后者又再分为南海陆缘地堑断裂系与台湾菲律宾沟弧断裂系。南海是由岩石圈断裂所围限的陆缘地堑断块。按地壳性质和断裂切割深度,可再分为陆架陆壳断块、陆坡过渡壳断块和中央海盆洋壳断块。     

Contamination of organotin compounds and imposex in molluscs from Vancouver,Canada

Gastropods and bivalves were collected at 15 sites at Vancouver and Victoria, Canada between 24 May and 7 June, 1999, to establish tissue concentrations of butyltin and phenyltin compounds, to record imposex symptoms in gastropods, and to assess the present status of organotin contamination around Vancouver. No neogastropods (such as Nucella lima) were found around Vancouver. Neogastropod populations could have been extirpated by severe TBT contamination in Vancouver, as relatively high concentrations of TBT were detected in tissues of Mytilus trossulus from Vancouver, and the neogastropods distributed in Vancouver might be sensitive to TBT. Recovery from imposex, however, was observed in neogastropod populations from three sites at Victoria and Mission Point. TBT contamination has continued around Vancouver, arising from continuous use of TBT in antifouling paints for vessels larger than 25 m in length; however, TBT has decreased around Victoria and Mission Point. Different patterns of TBT accumulation in tissue were observed among the bivalve species from Vancouver. The highest TBT concentration detected in Tresus capax suggested some possible adverse effects. TBT was the most predominant butyltin component in almost all bivalve specimens surveyed, suggesting a low rate of TBT metabolism. Phenyltin compounds were not detected in any molluscan specimens in this study.     

Fatal attraction: synthetic musk fragrances compromise multixenobiotic defense systems in mussels

We studied interactions of nitromusk compounds musk ketone and musk xylene and polycyclic musks Galaxolide trade mark (HHCB), Celestolide trade mark (ADBI), Tetralide trade mark (AHTN), and Traseolide trade mark (AITI) with multixenobiotic resistance (mxr) transporters in gill tissue of the marine mussel Mytilus californianus (Conrad, 1837). A competitive substrate transport test with rhodamine B was used to assay modulation of transport activity by musks. All tested musks inhibited the transport activity in the low microm range as indicated by increased accumulation of rhodamine B in the tissue. Compared to known substrates of mxr transporters, the effective concentration range was similar to quinidine and about 100 times higher than verapamil. Musk ketone and musk xylene also inhibited efflux of rhodamine B from gill tissue which was loaded with the dye and subsequently incubated with these compounds. Synthetic musk compounds are persistent environmental pollutants in aquatic environments with a high potential to bioaccumulate. As potent inhibitors of mxr transporters they may also play a role as chemosensitizers that enable toxic mxr substrates to accumulate in cells of aquatic organisms.