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21.
中下扬子区二叠系露头层序地层研究 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
按新近国际年代地层划分方案(ICS,2000),下扬子区二叠纪地层自下向上分为3统,9阶和相对应的华南传统6阶划分。二叠系从阿瑟尔阶至长兴阶(44Ma)共划分出14个三级层序,每个三级层序平均时限约为3.14Ma,其中“紫松阶”)相当阿瑟尔+2/3萨克马尔阶)1个(船山组中上部)、“隆林阶、(相当1/3萨克马尔阶+阿丁斯克阶)2个(分别对应船山组上部和梁山组或镇江组)、“栖霞阶”(相当库班甘德阶+1/3罗德阶)3个(栖霞组),“茅口阶”(相当于2/3罗德阶+沃德阶+卡皮丹阶)4个(孤峰组,茅口组,堰桥组,银屏组和武穴组),吴家坪阶2个(龙潭组或吴家坪组),长兴阶2个(长兴组或大隆组);共归并为4个层序组(sequence set)。 相似文献
22.
苏皖地区石炭纪海相碳酸盐岩碳和氧同位素演化规律 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
对江苏南京孔山和安徽巢湖凤凰山石炭系碳酸盐岩C、O稳定同位素进行了测定。结果表明,苏皖地区石炭系δ^13C,δ^18O记录是以4个同位素演化阶段为特征,前3个同位素演化阶段与同时代的北美石炭纪相似,仅仅是内部演化特征略有不同,这反映了区域性的沉积环境的不同变化。在金陵组下部、和州组下部、黄龙组中下部和船山组层段,δ^13C表现出明显的正漂移,这可能是受植物和生物量增长、有机碳储藏量增加所引起的。δ^18O记录总体上与δ^13C值呈相似的变化趋势。δ^18O增加记录了气候变冷和冰川作用的结果。δ^18O负漂移与气候变暖和冰川消融是一致的。在浅水潮坪环境,大气淡水的淋滤作用使δ^13C和δ^18O值明显降低。 相似文献
23.
Abstract. Several epithermal gold deposits occur in the Hoshino area, which is located in the western end of the late Cenozoic Hohi volcanic zone, north‐central Kyushu, Japan. The area is characterized by intermediate to felsic extrusive rocks of Pliocene age. In the Hoshino area, the shallow manifestation of the hydrothermal activity is exposed on the surface. Several outcrops of sinter are still preserved on the top of hydro thermally altered volcanic rocks, and high‐grade gold‐bearing quartz veins occur on the surface at lower levels. The hydrothermal alteration resulted into well‐developed alteration zones. The zonal alteration pattern, primarily of near‐neutral pH type, is characterized by the outer smectite zone of a lower temperature, and the inner mixed layer minerals zone of a higher temperature. Quartz vein‐related or fracture‐controlled alteration, is represented by the occurrence of interstratified illite/smectite and K‐feldspar, suggesting a potassium‐enriched alteration. The mineralization in the Hoshino area is recognized on the surface by the occurrence of gold‐bearing quartz veins distributed mainly in the mixed layer minerals zone. The fracture system related to the gold mineralization is mainly characterized by NW‐SE trend. The alteration pattern and the mineralogical composition of the veins suggest that the mineralizing fluids had near‐neutral pH and the mineralization is of low‐sulfidation‐type. Fluid inclusion data and textures observed in quartz veins indicate that gold precipitated during boiling. The chemical composition of quartz veins shows that high‐grade gold‐bearing quartz veins are characterized by higher content of Al2O3, K2O and Rb. Several outcrops of silica‐sinters are distributed on the top of the mixed layer minerals zone. Although their structures are not very well preserved, because of later silicification, the Hoshino sinters still show characteristic textures identical to those observed in modern sinters, such as the presence of plant fossil incorporated into the sinters, the strongly developed depositional laminations and the columnar structures perpendicular to the depositional surfaces. Quartz is the only silica mineral constituting the Hoshino sinters presently. The conversion of amorphous silica into quartz was probably governed by higher temperatures resulting from later hydrothermal activity. This later hydrothermal activity is reflected by the intense silicification affecting mainly the lower parts of the sinters and also by the presence of quartz veins cutting the sinters. The distribution of sinters in the Hoshino area is very significant. The presence beneath the sinters of concealed high‐grade gold‐bearing quartz veins should be highly considered and exploration work is strongly suggested. 相似文献
24.
Abstract. The Hishikari epithermal gold deposit consists of the Honko-Sanjin zone and Yamada zone. On the basis of observed crosscutting relationships of veins, vein system in the Hishikari deposit was classified into the early and late veins. They differ from orientation, width, control by unconformity, the amount of displacement and structural features, but have similarity in gold grade and Au/Ag ratios. K-Ar ages are presented for the classified veins to clarify timing of fracturing and duration of mineralization.
Age determination revealed that the early veins in the Honko-Sanjin zone range from 0.86 to 1.11 Ma and that the late veins range from 0.73 to 0. 84 Ma. The economically most important mineralization in the Hishikari deposit occurred around 0.90 Ma in a very short period (about 0.05 million years).
The distribution of mineralization age in the whole Hishikari deposit, occurrences of slickensides and ground water temperatures imply that mineralization lasted longer in the southern part of the deposit. As compared the early veins with late veins, structural changes including width, strike, dip and vein characteristics occurred at around 0.85 Ma. 相似文献
Age determination revealed that the early veins in the Honko-Sanjin zone range from 0.86 to 1.11 Ma and that the late veins range from 0.73 to 0. 84 Ma. The economically most important mineralization in the Hishikari deposit occurred around 0.90 Ma in a very short period (about 0.05 million years).
The distribution of mineralization age in the whole Hishikari deposit, occurrences of slickensides and ground water temperatures imply that mineralization lasted longer in the southern part of the deposit. As compared the early veins with late veins, structural changes including width, strike, dip and vein characteristics occurred at around 0.85 Ma. 相似文献
25.
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27.
Mean slope-angle frequency distribution and size frequency distribution of landslide masses in Higashikubiki area, Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Landslide mass size frequency distributions and mean slope-angle frequency distributions were calculated for slump, slide, and creep type landslides in the Higashikubiki area. Mean slope-angle frequency distributions closely approximated Weibull distributions. Size frequency distributions show power-law dependencies. Both can be explained by modeling landslides as linked uniform blocks in tensile force. Power coefficients for size frequency distributions were 2.01–2.32 (approximation to power functions) or 2.10–2.24 (approximation to Pareto distributions). 相似文献
28.
渭干河流域"2002·7"特大洪水分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
渭干河是塔里木河流域第六大源流, 位于天山西部南麓, 渭干河干流起点有新疆最大的流域性控制工程--克孜尔水库. 2002年7月下旬天山中西部山区出现大暴雨(雪)过程, 渭干河流域山区降水持续时间长达30 h以上, 山区降水量50 mm左右, 导致5条支流和渭干河干流出现有水文记录以来的最大洪峰, 流量超过警戒流量和危险流量的2~3.5倍, 暴雨(雪)过程结束之后, 融雪型洪峰长时间居高不下. 洪水过程中, 各支流以及暴雨与融雪等多种洪峰遭遇现象很明显. 克孜尔水库入库洪峰流量达3 660 m3*s-1, 经水库调洪错峰, 出库峰值流量为1 000 m3*s-1, 削峰率72.7%. 相似文献
29.
东天山北麓2000多年以来的森林线与环境变化 总被引:9,自引:3,他引:9
依据吉木萨尔县泉子街乡桦树窝子和小西沟两个剖面进行高时间分辨率的孢粉分析,结合剖面岩性特征分析、历史文献记录和碳屑鉴定,揭示了天山北麓最近2000多年以来的环境变化。2000aB.P.以前,该地植被为荒漠草原;2000-1300aB.P.(50a B.C.-650A.D.),植被为草原植被,其中1750—1400aB.P.(200—550A.D.),植被为有少量森林的草原植被,当时气候状况较今凉湿,适宜云杉生长,使得云杉林带下移,幅度可达250m左右。当时的年均气温较今低1℃而降水量较高,是新疆历史上一个相对冷湿的环境;约1300—450a B.P.(650—1500A.D.),植被为荒漠草原;4.50aB.P.年以来,植被为荒漠草原—草原。 相似文献
30.
Tsuyoshi Watanabe Michael K. Gagan Heather Scott-Gagan Wahyoe S. Hantoro 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2003,67(7):1349-1358
Diploastrea heliopora forms dense, robust, dome-shaped coral colonies throughout the reef ecosystems of the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans. This slow-growing (2 to 6 mm/yr) coral has the potential to yield continuous paleoclimate records spanning up to 1000 yr for the warmest waters on Earth, the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool, and has a long fossil history as a single recognizable species. Despite the potential of Diploastrea to be an important new paleoclimate archive, little is known about the systematics of geochemical tracers incorporated into its skeleton. To fill this knowledge gap, we compared skeletal δ18O signatures in live Diploastrea and Porites colonies from Southwest Lagoon, near Amédée Lighthouse, New Caledonia (at the southern latitudinal limit for Diploastrea) and Alor, Indonesia (in the core area of the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool). We designed a new microsampling technique to minimize smoothing and distortion of the isotopic records due to the complex calyx architecture and slow growth of Diploastrea. High-resolution isotope profiles from the septal portion of the Diploastrea corallite are attenuated, whereas those restricted to the central columella are similar in quality to those extracted from the well-established Porites coral archive. The δ18O-temperature relationship for the columellar portion of Diploastrea (−0.18‰/°C) is in good agreement with that derived for a nearby Porites (−0.19‰/°C; Quinn et al., 1996), on the basis of comparison with an in situ sea surface temperature record from Amédée Lighthouse. There is a measurable difference of 0.3 ± 0.1‰ between the kinetic/biological disequilibrium offsets from seawater δ18O composition for Diploastrea and Porites. Despite this offset in mean δ18O, Diploastrea accurately records the regional differences in mean temperature and salinity between New Caledonia and the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool. Additional tests show that Diploastrea records El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) interannual variability in sea surface temperature and salinity across the southwestern Pacific, indicating that it should yield dependable paleo-ENSO records. Based on these results, we propose that D. heliopora has the potential to provide an important new coral archive of tropical paleoclimate. 相似文献