ULF electromagnetic precursors before the 1999 Jiji, Taiwan, earthquake and the comparison with results of simulating experiments

There are many reports about the abnormal electromagnetic signals observed before great earthquakes. In particular, the signals of electromagnetic anomalies before the Hyogo-Ken Nanbu, Japan, MS=7.2 earthquake on January 17, 1995 (Hayakawa, et al, 1996) and those before the Loma Prieta, USA, MS=7.1 earthquake on October 19, 1989 (Fraser-Smith, et al, 1990) are especially remarkable. However, what the above authors reported are only the phenomena of one or two observatories. In order to …     

Experimental study on the relation between the water content of surface soil and theacoustic wave

Introduction Earthquake is not an isolated event. The focal region is not a closed system either. It is able to exchange energy or material with the medium outside this region. These kinds of exchange may cause various physical and chemical effects, so it is possible to get precursory signals by using space remote sensing technology. Many scholars (QIANG, et al, 1990; GENG, et al, 1992; XU, et al, 1995) have carried out some preliminary researches and experiments on the mechanism of therm…     

低空急流的不稳定性及其对暴雨的触发作用

本文分析了1972年7月2—3日一次长江流域低空急流的过程,这次低空急流发生在江淮气旋的暖区之中。在低空急流左侧有雷暴和暴雨发生。发现这支低空急流有独特的三维流场结构。指出它是一支极不稳定的气流:在急流轴的左前方有一个Ri数负值区,这正是低层最不稳定的地区。低空急流具有很强的超地转特性,非地转最强时,暴雨发生。这时急流中出现很强的风速脉动,这种脉动的传播对于中尺度低涡及雨团的发生起着触发的作用。以后气压场向流场调整,重新达到地转平衡,这时暴雨也就仃止。     

ULF electric and magnetic anomalies accompanying the cracking of rock sample

The anomalies of electric-magnetic field and self-potential before earthquakes are important precursory phenom-ena.A simulating experiment study on the variations in ultra-low frequency(ULF)magnetic field and self-poten-tial during rock cracking was carried out in a magnetic field-free space.The results revealing in detail the whole process of the occurrences of electric and magnetic anomalises are significant for understanding the microscopic mechanism of ULF electric and magnetic signals.The experiment indicated that at the initial stage the slow changes in strain.self-potential and magnetic field with small amounts appeared firstly near the source of initial cracking,and then extended as the crack developed on.In the time domain,the self-potential anomaly emerged first and ULF magnetic field changes arose then.The shape of the ULF electric and magnetic anomaly varied ob-viously in early-,mid-and late-term of the test.The authors attributed the pulse-like changes of self-potential to the generationj and movement of the accumulated electric charges during the cracking caused by charge separation on the crack tips within the sample.While the magnetic pulses of shorter-period at the last stage of the test,may be induced by instantaneous electric current of the accumulated charege during the cracking acceleration.The technical method and the observational results of this experiment are given in detail and the microscopic mechanism of elec-tric and magnetic precursors before earthquake are discussd in the present paper as well.     

IHS小波包活性测度融合SAR与TM图像

提出了一种基于光谱特征保持的IHS小波包活性测度融合算法。该算法首先对TM图像做IHS变换提取出I分量，然后对I分量和SAR图像做基于小波包活性测度的融合得到新的I分量，再将新的I分量与原始TM图像的H、S分量一起做IHS逆变换得到融合后的图像。该方法可以最大限度地保留待融合图像的光谱信息，同时提高了待融合图像的清晰度和空间分辨率，防止图像纹理信息的丢失。     

Tourism in the northwestern part of Sichuan Province,PR China

In the paper, unique karst lakes in high mountains, snow-covered mountains, glaciers, rare animals and plants are discussed. These landscape resources of nature and man in the NW part of Sichuan are superior for tourism. In addition, distribution of tourist regions and their characteristics are reviewed. The authors also evaluate landscape resources, and put forward some proposals about exploitation and conservation of scenic resources in the NW part of Sichuan province.     

1980年榆中地下水动态变化原因的讨论

1980年榆中地区较为干旱,年降雨量不足多年平均降雨量的一半。但该区自1980年10月份以来地下水却普遍上升,一些泉水水质逐渐变坏,以致不能饮用。这是否是地震前兆反应,引起了有关部门的关注。为此我们进行了实地考查,目的在于及时地找出变化的原因,为地震预报提供可靠的依据。     

近50a来霍林河流域下游沿岸湿地景观格局演变

以干旱半干旱生态脆弱区霍林河流域下游沿岸洪泛湿地为研究对象,利用1954和1964年地形图,1986、1996和2000年的TM遥感影像作为基本信息源,在GIS支持下,建立湿地空间数据库,通过对不同时期各湿地景观类型进行景观变化过程、景观格局指数和景观转换过程分析,揭示近50 a来霍林河流域下游沿岸湿地景观格局动态及规律。研究发现,沼泽湿地是霍林河流域下游沿岸的主导湿地景观类型,次之为河流湖泊湿地,人工湿地比重小。研究区内湿地面积的减少以沼泽湿地的贡献量最大,这是由于大面积的沼泽湿地退化为盐碱地和草地,沼泽湿地景观破碎化表现突出。河流湖泊湿地在研究时期内则表现出最快的变化速度,年均动态度达到2.60%,它的这种减少变化是由数量众多的小斑块退化为盐碱地和沼泽湿地导致。水库坑塘景观变化受流域发展水利及霍林河径流量大小控制,水田湿地则主要受后者作用。共同的一点是,受霍林河1998年特大历史洪水泛滥影响,研究区内大面积盐碱地、沼泽湿地和草地转换为河流湖泊湿地,与此同时也有大面积草地和盐碱地转换为沼泽湿地,导致两种自然湿地景观类型在2000年表现出面积扩大,景观破碎化降低,整体性增强的变化,这在一定程度上体现出洪水脉冲在退化湿地景观恢复中的生态功能。     

牛庄—八面河地区原油混源问题探讨及混合比计算

采用有机地球化学方法对牛庄—八面河地区混源油问题进行了研究。将来自沙三段成熟源岩的牛庄油田原油和来自沙四段源岩的八面河油田原油作为端元，通过伽马蜡烷含量/C30藿烷与藿烷/甾烷交会图、重排单芳甾/C27βS单芳甾比值和芳香甾含量交会图等方法，尝试计算了原油的混合比。计算结果显示从牛庄洼陷向八面河地区沙四段来源油的比例逐渐增加且两种方法计算的混合比一致。牛庄洼陷中心以沙三段来源油占绝对优势，八面河斜坡区则是以沙四段来源油为主，而王家岗地区则二者兼而有之。     

黄沙坪铅锌矿南部54#成矿预测区铅锌资源前景分析

湖南黄沙坪铅锌矿是我国重要的铅锌原料生产基地,也是湖南省最大的铅锌开采矿山和铅锌原料生产基地.由于矿山长期开采,铅锌资源逐渐减少,近几年矿山已处于资源危机状态,生产组织与计划安排已呈现紧张局面.因此,寻找和发现新的铅锌资源已迫在眉睫.在分析前人资料的同时,通过分析研究区内铅锌矿控矿地质条件、成矿规律及成矿预测靶区等,推断黄沙坪铅锌矿南部54#成矿预测区存在新的与成矿有关的隐伏花岗斑岩或花斑岩类岩体,有望发现新的成矿中心,找到新的铅锌成矿带,并有望取得矿区找矿理论、找矿方向和找矿实际效果上的根本性突破.