矿床灰色预测系统观

矿床是在漫长的时间、广阔的空间、复杂的介质中，由一定的成矿作用形成，赋存于地质环境发生局部性变异的地区。这种异常变化可分为地理、地球物理、地球化学三大类。它们概有各自的特殊性，又有相经的关联性。人们采用地质、地球物理、地球化学勘探方法获提的找矿信息，可以将其视为成矿作用在3个侧面的表现形式。显然，用现代灰色系统思想来分析，长期、复杂、多源的成矿作用是灰色动态过程；综合方法寻找矿床是地质找矿灰色系统工程，矿床形成和分布是多种控矿地质因素综合作用、相互关联、发展变化的灰色系统。因此，从矿床的预测的意义上说，就是对这个系统进行整体上的考察，揭示灰色成矿场的展布，以圈定矿床赋存的最有利部位。 在新的矿床预测方法的研究中，我们把灰色系统理论与地质、物探、化探方法相结合，提出了以已知矿床上建立的参考数列系为灰色子波，对研究区的比较数列系进行关联度扫描，从中圈定关联度异常，预测矿床赋存部位的矿床灰色预测法。在新疆哈密研究区作了隐伏铜镍矿床预测试验，证实了该方法具有矿床信息提取、综合处理、靶区优选、定位预测的功能，适用于大比例尺隐伏矿床预测。     

甘肃石青硐矿区稀土元素地球化学特征及意义

石青硐矿区处于北祁连褶皱带东段,与著名的白银大型矿田组成白银-石青硐铜多金属成矿亚带。文章对石青硐矿床不同类型的含矿围岩及矿石进行了稀土元素特征的对比研究,分析认为:(1)区内含矿围岩的稀土配分模式与白银厂相似,基性岩由板块俯冲环境下地幔楔部分熔融产生,并有地壳混染,酸性岩则为基性岩浆分异并混染了地壳物质的产物,成矿与成岩物质具有一定的继承性和同源性;(2)δEu和δCe特征表明,石英脉型多金属矿石的成矿流体和物质主要来源于高温还原性质的岩浆热液,而浸染型矿石的形成可能与海底热液对流循环成矿作用相关;(3)无矿石英脉与基性岩关系密切,其可能来源于氧化条件下基性岩中的硅质淋滤和再沉淀;(4)无矿石英脉与多金属矿化石英脉的Eu异常明显不同,前者为负Eu异常而后者为正Eu异常,即Eu异常可以作为石英脉含矿性评价的地球化学标志。     

大同-阳高地震水位异常的模糊识别与预报

采用模糊数学从属函数和异常系列方法，以大同－阳高地震为例，对强震发生的时间与地点预测进行研究。结果表明：模糊数学从属函数方法是提取水位异常的较好方法。强震发生前在一定区域内，水位群体异常在不同时间尺度上显示出增长和加速变化图象，这种图象可作为预报强震发生时间的标志。水位变化值异常的集中分布区与水位异常井位置在空间呈两组条带展布时，两组条带交汇地区可作为预报强震发生地点的标志     

水资源系统管理的广义保证率与多目标模糊优化

综述了水资源系统管理可靠性研究现状,指出水资源系统管理中存在着两种不确定性——随机性和模糊性.从一般情况出发,在同时考虑随机性与模糊性的基础上,提出了广义保证率概念、定义及其分析计算方法,并用多目标模糊优选随机动态规划(MOFOSDP)模型研究了一类带广义保证率目标的水资源系统运行管理多目标优化问题.实例计算结果表明,提出的带广义保证率目标的MOFOSDP模型合理可行,优于传统方法.     

模糊优选神经网络模型及其应用

给出一种能反映宏观决策意图的模糊优选神经网络模型,经用于大连市经济与水资源、环境可持续发展决策,取得了满意结果。     

Spectrum Characteristics and Transfer Function of the Hydrograph of the Deep Aqueous System

The fluctuation of most of the hydrograph in the deep aqueous system records the fluid pulsation in lithosphere and variation of the earth's crust. Many observations have verified that groundwater is an ideal information carrier of the crust. In this paper, the series of input (precipitation, air pressure, Earth tide etc.) and output (water level, artesian flow) of the deep aqueous system are studied by using the spectrum analysis and system theory. The application concepts of transfer function and the spectral structure of the hydrograph enrich the knowledge of the deep aqueous system. Two typical spectral structures of the hydrograph of the deep aqueous system are obtained by comparing with many water-bearing systems of the Jizhong depression. One is from well Ma-17 and the other is from the well Xinze-5. Finally, the physical models of forming the spectrum of the hydrograph are constructed on the basis of the spectrum research on the deep aqueous system.     

甘肃白银铜厂沟地球化学异常特征及找矿预测

为实现甘肃白银矿田找矿新突破,在矿田东侧铜厂沟地区开展了找矿预测工作。区内已发现铜厂沟和小铁山等矿床,在收集总结前人成果资料的基础上,通过对研究区地质概况、地球化学异常特征、控矿因素的研究,获得区域找矿标志,在区内发现多处异常,且多数异常的产出位置在已知矿床附近,表明构造原生晕地球化学找矿在铜厂沟地区具有较好的效果。以地球化学异常特征为主,结合地质找矿标志对研究区进行找矿预测,圈定和评价了小铁山—铜厂沟靶区及铜沟脑靶区,可望实现找矿突破。     

水资源多目标多阶段模糊优选理论与技术

本文提出多目标递推矩阵新概念,建立水资源系统多目标模糊优选动态规划理论,模型与技术。提出用模糊集方法建立目标权重。最后给出一个算例。     

Acoustic Conditioning System Development and Conditioning Experiments on Black Seabreams in the Xiangshan Bay Sea Ranch

Attracting released hatchery-reared fish to designated areas during the growth process is vital to realize the objectives of sea ranching. Based on the bottom artificial reefs and surface kelp culture facilities in the Xiangshan Bay sea ranch, we proposed systematic techniques related to acoustic conditioning of the black seabream(Sparus macrocephalus). Experiments conducted in 12 m × 10 m × 1.6 m ponds on Xixuan Island showed that black seabream was positively sensitive to 500–600 Hz periodic signals. Conditioned responses were apparent after 8 d. Two to three days were required for recovery of the memory of a conditioned response after a 20-day interval. According to the practical application requirements in the open sea, unattended acoustic conditioning equipment was developed. The ranching equipment was used in 12 m × 12 m × 2.5 m cages, and the behavior of black seabream juveniles was successfully guided after 7 days. Of the 16000 released fish, 82.5% of them were conditioned with a flexible grading net. To avoid inducing a stress response, the juveniles were released into the sea ranch in situ from the net cage. The acoustic conditioning equipments were moved into the open sea and the aggregation phenomenon of the released fish was observed when the sound was played. After 6 months of investigation and based on Sr+ marking, only one acoustically conditioned fish was found outside the 3.5-km~2 sea ranch area, thereby reached the goal of guiding activity. The practical effect in the Xiangshan Bay sea ranch showed the validity of the acoustic conditioning system, which may contribute to improve the operation of the sea ranches in the East China Sea.     

枸杞岛海藻场冬季细菌群落结构分析

从枸杞岛海藻场和对照点贻贝场分别采取表层及底层水样,利用细菌通用引物,提取样品总DNA进行聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增,采用16SrDNA文库技术,对其细菌群落进行鉴定和分析。结果表明,海藻场表层和底层细菌群落分为5和6个门,贻贝场表层和底层细菌群落分为3和4个门,海藻场中细菌分类门数多于贻贝场内,优势菌均为变形细菌门,分别占克隆文库的比例为40.7%、50%、59.1%和48.1%。γ-变形菌纲为变形细菌门的优势亚群,各个文库中均含有许多未确定其分类的序列,即含有许多未被认知的微生物类群。变形菌门、厚壁菌门和放线菌门为所有水样共有,但在水层垂直分布及不同地理位置间存在较大差异。不同功能类群可能与其特殊生境密切相关。