基于新生代活动构造背景的地震重点危险区域综合研究——以安徽为例

基于地震的发生与断裂的活动性密切相关,为了科学合理并尽可能准确地判定未来地震重点危险区域,以安徽为例,利用由深浅部对比、宏微观构造解析所给出的新生代构造活动性最新研究成果,结合地震活动性资料研究结果,对一些重点部位的地震危险性进行了综合研究。结果表明,根据长时间尺度的地质构造最新研究揭示的活动性较强区域,与根据近代地震活动性资料研究反映的危险性较大区域,呈现较好的一致性特征,从而为未来地震重点危险区域的判定提供了新的较为可靠的依据和方法。     

四川省森林火险预报系统

四川省森林火险预报系统是用VB6.0语言编写,采用多因子线性回归统计方法建立的一套森林火险等级预报业务系统;本系统通用性强、功能齐全,为预报员提供了一套较完备的火险等级预报工具,同时实现了等值线这一科学计算可视化表现方式,摆脱了对专业绘图软件的依赖.     

Damage model for jointed rock mass and its application to tunnelling

This paper establishes an anisotropic nonlinear damage model in strain space to describe the behavior of jointed rock and applies it to mechanical analysis of tunnelling. This work focuses on rate-independent and small-deformation behavior during static isothermal processes. The prime results include: (1) the properties of damage-dependent elasticity tensors based on geological information of the jointed rock mass; (2) the damage evolution law presented on the basis of thermodynamics and combined with endochronic theory; and (3) the global damage tensor based on the work-equivalence principle and the local geological data of multi-joint sets. Finally the numerical results of a tunnel intersection in jointed rock is presented to illustrate the mechanical behavior of this model.     

层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿地电化学异常形成机理及其找矿意义

层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿是我国主要的砂岩型铀矿类型之一,属全盲矿,找矿难度大。地电化学方法作为深穿透地球化学方法的分支之一,为隐伏铀矿勘查提供了新的技术手段,并在实际找矿中取得了明显的效果。研究表明,在隐伏砂岩型铀矿上方,存在着地电化学提取U元素异常。总结和分析了层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿形成的物理化学条件以及在实际试验中发现的铀矿上方地电提取铀异常特征,在前人提出的元素由深部向地表迁移机制的基础上,进一步归纳了砂岩型铀矿地电化学异常的形成机理。层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿上方地电提取U元素主要呈现为跳跃的锯齿状高值异常,可以作为深部铀矿找矿的指示标志。     

GPS地壳形变监测网应变解算方法与程序设计

分析了在平面直角坐标系和大地坐标系内解算应变的方法及其特点,并以Matlab为开发平台,研制出一套在平面直角坐标系和大地坐标系中解算应变的程序GPSstrain。利用GPS监测网测站位移(速率),该程序能够解算剪切应变(γ1、γ2)、面应变、块体旋转、主应变及其方向、最大剪切应变及其方向,同时也可解算出这些应变分量的误差。另外该程序还具有高斯投影解算功能,根据各测站坐标能够自动形成所有的Delaunay三角形,并以图形方式显示。最后以实际算例给出了该解算程序的部分结果,并进行了初步的分析和讨论。     

风速垂直变化对催化剂扩散的影响

在寻求层状云中催化剂扩散议程的解时，一般都假定风速为常值，但实际上风速是随高度变化的。该文在云中催化剂的数值模式中考虑了风速随高度的变化，用差分格式求其解，并进行了个例计算和比较分析。     

Predicting landslide sliding distance based on energy dissipation and mass point kinematics

Natural Hazards - Based on classical mechanics and the law of energy conservation, we present a model for predicting landslide sliding distance. We conceptualize landslide movement as the movement...     

长江防洪决策支持系统——防洪决策风险分析

针对长江中游防洪决策过程,筛选出几个主要的风险因子.考虑暴雨洪水历史资料,短期洪水位预报以及中长期雨洪预报三种不同信息条件,建立防洪决策风险分析模型,针对长江三峡至螺山河段防洪系统,是否启用分蓄洪区的各种防洪决策方案,给出决策风险的定量描述.     

Identification method of weak seismic phases on the basis of wavelet packet transform

This paper describes a sort of new method identifying seismic phase by the name of wavelet packet transform. Perfectness and development of the wavelet packet transform is based upon the idea of its multiscale analysis. The method of wavelet packet transform can depict the anomalous changes information of transient spectra of seismic wave onset, and come true the target of identifying seismic phase especially weak seismic phase. Then this paper presents discriminating examples of simulating digital signals and actual seismic phase. Compared with conventional seismic phase discrimination, studied results show that the wavelet packet transform method is an available tool of weak signal analyses, and have unexampled merits and attractive application foreground. This research gets hold of Higher School Doctor Scientific Research Foundation (No. 157 WJ0704 9435611) and supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 49474211).     

Characterizing groundwater/surface-water interactions in the interior of Jianghan Plain,central China

Hydrogeology Journal - Quantifying groundwater/surface-water interactions is essential for managing water resources and revealing contaminant fate. There has been little concern on the exchange...