滇西兰坪盆地白秧坪Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag多金属矿床东矿带成矿年代学探讨

白秧坪Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag多金属矿集区夹持于金沙江和澜沧江断裂之间,隶属兰坪盆地北部,分为东、西2个矿带。文章采用闪锌矿、方铅矿的Rb-Sr法和成矿阶段方解石的Sm-Nd法,对白秧坪Pb-Zn-Cu-Ag多金属矿床东矿带华昌山和下区五矿段进行了成矿年代厘定,获得方铅矿以及闪锌矿和方铅矿的矿物组合Rb-Sr等时线年龄为(32.8±1.5)Ma,方解石的Sm-Nd等时线年龄为(33.32±0.43)Ma。研究表明,通过对特定矿床的主要矿石矿物采用Rb-Sr法和Sm-Nd法获得的年龄在误差范围内是一致的,从而起到了相互验证的作用,并对矿床的成矿背景具有一定的指示性。通过成矿年龄的探讨,认为东矿带铅锌为主的矿化期主要产生于青藏高原东缘晚碰撞阶段(40~26)Ma,伴随印度-亚洲大陆碰撞造山,形成逆冲推覆构造和赋矿地层,控制了Pb-Zn矿床的形成和发育。该期Pb-Zn矿床与兰坪盆地金顶和西矿带Pb-Zn矿床、囊谦盆地Pb-Zn矿床和沱沱河盆地Pb-Zn矿床具有一定的可比性。     

四川盐边基性—超基性杂岩体中角闪石矿物学研究

本文采用光学法、探针分析法、红外光谱法、单晶X射线衍射法对杂岩体中角闪石进行了详细的研究,总结了各期岩体中角闪石的特征。从早期到晚期,角闪石光性呈递变关系,2V由(-)76.7→(+)84.2;化学成分呈规律性变化,Si、Fe含量减少,Al、Mg、Na含量增加,矿物种属明显地呈浅闪石质角闪石→含铁韭闪石→韭闪石的变化规律,因而首次在该区确定了含铁韭闪石、韭闪石矿物的存在;红外光谱随T类阳离子Al~(Ⅳ)/Si值,C类阳离子Fe/Mg值呈规律性变化;晶胞参数也显示规律性变化,a由9.838—9.866A,b由18.047—17.980A,c由5.308—5.295A,V由910.73—906.55A~3。清楚地反映了该区角闪石各期演化上的“血缘”关系和差异。同时,探讨了各期角闪石的结晶温度(770—1114℃);成因类型为基性及超基性岩浆型,岩浆来源于上地幔;超基性岩具有地幔交代成因特征。     

珍珠陶石的夹层化合物法鉴定

应用联氨、使珍珠陶石形成其夹层物，然后再用水洗获是水合珍珠陶石，这种水合珍珠陶石具有十分特征的０．８３５ｎｍＸ射线衍射峰，而高岭石族的其它矿物却保持不变，利用这一明显的特征，可以容易地区分出混合在高岭石中的少量珍珠陶石。     

Lead isotope geochemical characteristics of Pb-Zn-Cu deposits on the southwestern margin of Tarim, and their significance

The polymetallic(Pb,Zn,Cu,etc) ore belt on the southwestern margin of Tarim is one of the major regions with the greatest prospecting potential in Xinjiang.Reported in this paper are the lead isotope data for 66 sulfide samples(including 50 galena samples,15 chalcopyrite samples and 1 pyrite sample) collected from such representative deposits as Tamu,Tiekelike,Kalangu,Abalieke,etc.in this ore belt.The Pb isotopic ratios of 206 Pb/204 Pb,207 Pb/204 Pb and 208 Pb/204 Pb in the galena samples range from 17.931 to 18.176,15.609 to 15.818 and 38.197 to 38.944,with the average values of 18.017,15.684 and 38.462,respectively.Those in the chalcopyrite samples range from 17.926 to 18.144,15.598 to 15.628 and 38.171 to 38.583,with the average values of 18.020,15.606 and 38.262,respectively.The pyrite sample has the Pb isotopic ratios of 206 Pb/204 Pb,207 Pb/204 Pb and 208 Pb/204 Pb to be 17.980,15.604 and 38.145,respectively.In combination with the previous Pb isotope data for sulfides,it is found that there is only a slight variation in the Pb isotopic composition of galena,chalcopyrite,sphalerite and pyrite in the ore belt.However,there is some difference in Pb isotopic characteristics between galena and chalcopyrite,especially the Pb isotopic composition of galena shows an obvious linear correlation with some other relevant parameters(e.g.β and γ).The comprehensive analysis suggested that lead in galena(maybe including sphalerite and pyrite) was derived principally from wall rocks and underlying basement,and that in chalcopyrite only originated from the basement.The single-stage model ages of these sulfides couldn’t indicate the time limit of metallogenesis(Pb,Zn,Cu,etc.),and the positive linear correlations for the Pb isotopic composition of galena are of no single-stage and two-stage Pb-Pb isochron significance.Furthermore,there are significant differences in Pb isotopic composition characteristics between the genetic type of deposits in this polymetallic ore belt and the Mississippi Valley type(MVT).In addition,the authors also pointed out that there is a phenomenon of differentiation(not paragenesis) for lead and copper elements during the process of metallogenesis in this ore belt.     

Determination of Trace Silver in Polymetallic Ore Samples by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Solid‐Phase Extraction Using a Microcolumn Comprising Eggshell Membrane

A rapid and inexpensive method was developed for the determination of trace silver in polymetallic ore samples by use of eggshell membrane (ESM), a natural biomaterial, as the solid‐phase extraction (SPE) adsorbent coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The ESM was used for the separation/pre‐concentration of silver, and the parameters affecting sensitivity, such as pH, sample flow rate, eluent volume and eluent flow rate, were carefully investigated. ESM was found to be an effective solid phase extractant for the adsorption of trace silver over a wide range of acidity from 0.02 to 0.50 mol l^?1 HNO₃. The sample solution in 0.4 mol l^?1 HNO₃ was pumped through an ESM microcolumn at the rate of 1.0 ml min^?1. Silver was absorbed, and then eluted with a solution of 1.0% m/v thiourea–0.5% v/v HCl. Under these optimal conditions, ESM exhibited a good enrichment efficiency for silver with a dynamic adsorption capacity of 1.7 mg g^?1. The proposed method was applied to the FAAS determination of trace silver in polymetallic ores and geological reference materials, GSO‐2, 3 and 5, and GSD‐11, GSD‐12, and the determined values were in good agreement with certified values.     

鲁中碳酸岩中磷灰石同位素地球化学研究

鲁中地区分布着100多个碳酸岩体，微量元素含量及稀土配分等均与世界典型碳酸岩相近。而碳酸岩的碳氧及斑晶磷灰石的锶、钛同位素组成与典型地幔物质有差异，与富集地幔颇为近似，从而证实在山东地区陆壳下存在富集地幔源区。     

塔中古溶洞见证晚奥陶世抬升幅度

塔中隆起区上奥陶统良里塔格组灰岩与桑塔木组砂—粉砂岩之间为不整合接触,昭示着这两个组沉积期之间存在一次历时约百万年的区域性构造抬升事件。中古31井良里塔格组三段的4 125.6～4 133.9 m井段为垮塌型溶洞沉积,洞顶距良里塔格组二段顶部190.6 m,溶洞中角砾状充填物主要来自良里塔格组洞壁本身的礁相灰岩,且见数厘米厚的暗河流水沉积纹层,未发现源于其它时代的颗粒混杂其间。这一事实指证了溶洞的形成和充填时代均为良里塔格组沉积之后、桑塔木组覆盖之前的晚奥陶世凯迪中期。具溶蚀力的淡水潜流带的深度一般不低于周围的海平面,由此可推断出该井区这次抬升出海平面之上的高度,即使忽略良里塔格组顶部可能经地表剥蚀的良里塔格组一段,抬升出水面部分至少也应该有190 m,藉生态地层学恢复洞壁礁灰岩沉积时的海水深度约为30 m±,因此总抬升幅度至少能达到220 m。     

Formation Environment of Main Brown Coal Seam in Xi-2 Minefield of Shengli Coalfield Based on Coal Ash Phase Analysis

The formation environment of the main coal seam in Shengli coal mine is analyzed, and the effect of coal ash parameters on the coal-forming environment is mainly discussed according to gray component parameters combined with other coal quality test analysis data. Results show that the hydrodynamic conditions of the main coal during coal accumulation have a general pattern of strong northeast and weak southwest, and lakeside swamp is generally in the retrograde process from south to north. The No.5 coal seam is a water entry cycle, and the No.5_lower coal is a water withdrawal cycle. The No.6 thick coal seam is formed in the peat swamp environment where the water is shallow and the groundwater activity is weak. The input of terrestrial debris material was most abundant in the formation period of No.5_lower coal, followed by No.5 coal, and that in No.6 coal is the least. Vertically, the peat swamp environment changed from weak reduction to weak oxidation to strong reducing environment. The ash yield was low to high to low from bottom to top. The organic sulfur is the main type of sulfur in the main coal seam. The weaker the hydrodynamic condition, the higher the organic sulfur content in the reduction environment, while lower organic sulfur content in the oxidation environment. The peat swamp water of No.5_lower coal is medium alkaline, and the peat swamp water of No.5 and No. 6 coals is weakly alkaline or acidic.     

河流水质预测中的模型选择和源强估算

论述了在水质规划和预测中水质模型的选择原则及不同模型的功能,指出COD一级降解模型在理论上的明显缺陷。同时探讨了由COD_Cr和COD_Mn法两种测定方法所引起的在源强计算中存在的问题,提出了较为合理和实用的BOD₅的源强估算方法。     

云南省东北部拱王山第四纪冰川遗迹研究

云南省东北部的拱王山海拔３１００ｍ以上的山地发生过第四纪冰川作用，典型的冰川遗迹集中分布在轿子山峰附近和妖精塘－牛洞坪两个地区，遗存的冰川地貌主要有冰斗，冰蚀岩盆和侧碛堤。根据冰川地貌的组合特征，以及它们生成的先后顺序，将拱王山第四纪冰川作用划分为末次冰期的倒数第二期冰期。