流动注射-光度法测定地质样品中痕量碘

利用I~-对4,4′-四甲基二氨基二苯甲烷(4,4′-TMB-DPM)与氯胺T反应的催化作用,建立了流动注射-分光光度测定地质样品中痕量碘的方法。采用不等流速合并带法,分析速度快、节省试剂、灵敏度高。与高温水解法释放I~-相结合,使样品处理简单、干扰离子少。对于含I~-10μg/L的水样,其RSD(n=19)为1.1％,检出限为0.3ng/ml。用于水系沉积物、土壤分析时,含碘1.6×10~(-6)的样品RSD(n=10)为6.1％,检出限为0.08×10~(-6)。测量速度50N/h。     

Measurement of local and volumetric deformation in geotechnical triaxial testing using 3D-digital image correlation and a subpixel edge detection algorithm

Based on the three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) technique, the stereovision system has been applied to the improved triaxial apparatus to obtain 3D full-field deformation of the specimen during triaxial testing. Through the calibration process, the 3D-DIC technique can obtain the accurate specimen’s spatial displacement deformation. Meanwhile, a subpixel edge detection algorithm has been combined with 3D-DIC technique to calculate the radial strain and the volume strain of the specimen directly. Furthermore, a series of consolidated drained and undrained triaxial tests were carried out on Hainan (China) sand specimens and measured by the conventional and the image measurement methods. Compared to the results measured by the conventional method, the image measurement technique can obtain the more experimental data, such as the 3D displacement field of the whole specimen, the local strain distribution, and so on. The measurement results also show the conventional method would be disturbed by the end constraints in triaxial tests so that the strength of the soil would be overestimated. Meanwhile, the middle of the specimen would be selected to calculate the stress–strain relationship without the influence of the end constraints in the proposed method. Based on the image measurement results, the proposed method has the potential to be used in geotechnical tests for exploring the soil’s progressive failure behaviors, inhomogeneous deformation and mechanical characteristics.

     

梁山县破解"双保双赢"难题

近年来,梁山县正确处理保护耕地与保障发展的关系,积极破解“双保双赢”难题,切实加大土地开发整理和复垦力度,走节约集约用地之路,实现了保护耕地与保障发展的“双保双赢”。     

环境植物样品中铜铅锌铁锰的测定

将环境植物样品在４００─５００℃灰化，用硝酸、氢氟酸和高氯酸分解，用盐酸（１＋１）提取，控制２％─３％的盐酸介质，用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定环境植物样品中的微量铜、铅、锌、铁、锰。该方法简单、快速、可靠。对环境植物标准样品的测定结果理想。     

大连温带海域潮间带底栖海藻固碳和储碳潜力模拟研究

底栖海藻是海洋生态系统中重要的初级生产力,开展其固碳和储碳机制研究,有利于提高对我国海域海洋固碳和储碳潜力的认识。本文基于海区条件的模拟,开展了大连海域潮间带优势海藻的日固碳量、日呼吸量和日有机碳释放量的测定,结合海区生物量的调查,阐述了3个海藻床潮间带海藻固碳和储碳的季节变化规律。结果显示:在海藻固碳能力方面,绿藻类的固碳能力最强,褐藻类次之,红藻类最低。大连海域潮间带海藻的固碳量、储碳量和有机碳释放量在12月至5月处于较高水平,6月至11月较低,平均每个海藻床潮间带区域年固碳量和年有机碳释放量分别为1.72×105 g/a和2.1×104 g/a。潮间带海藻月固碳量是储碳量的1.7倍。     

吉南古元古代集安群泥质变质岩P—T—t轨迹及其地质意义

吉南古元古代分布区大地构造划分为辽吉裂谷系和浑江裂陷槽，集安群是辽吉裂谷系早期产物。泥质变质岩呈北东向分布于裂谷带内，经历了形成期后的中高级变质作用。本文在岩石建造、地质构造等研究基础上，通过变质作用研究，利用变质石榴石环带分析方法，建立了集安泥质变质岩Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹。该轨迹表明集安群形成以来经历了两次拉张变质作用。在变质作用动态过程中，泥质原岩发生变质变形，Ｐ－Ｔ－ｔ轨迹反映了该区古元古代地质演     

上黑龙江植被覆盖区水系沉积物金异常评价

研究区位于上黑龙江断陷和额尔古纳隆起两个次级构造单元。受断裂构造和岩浆活动的影响 ,Au在岩浆岩、变质岩、沉积岩、火山岩区分布及分配不均匀 ,变化趋势为沉积岩 >变质岩>火山岩 >岩浆岩。Au在水系沉积物中以化学作用形式搬运迁移 ,一般距离为 80 0～ 16 0 0m。金异常产出明显受断裂控制 ,并与燕山期岩浆活动密切相关。异常下限为 3 0× 10 - 9,是Au低背景值区。根据金异常地化特征、地质环境 ,采取水系加密法和土壤剖面法 ,结合路线地质调查 ,查证金异常的存在和追索金异常源     

Studies on the Tolerating Mechanism for Sulfide in Urechis Unicinctus (Echiura:Urechidae)-cytological observation on Urechis Unicinctus in Different Hydrogen Sulfide Environment

This study on the cytological changes of the body wall ,aspiratory intestine and crissal bursa in Urechis unicincuts by light microscope(LM) and transmission electron microscope(TEM) showed that the difference between the body wall and the natural environment rich in H2S was not obvious,that the wall color of the aspiratory intestine in H2S rich environment changed from normal semitransparency to dark brown.that its epithelia were disassembled and the electron density of its cytoplasm matrix was lower;and that in H2S rich environment many basoplhilic granules occurred in the epithelia of the crissal bursa.Granules with single membrane and myelinefingure were found with TEM.     

一种利用贝叶斯最小判别准则估计未来地震危险的新方法

提出了一种基于最大似然和贝叶斯最小判别准则的新预测方法,它的长处在于对样本数无特殊要求,所以,对低地震活动地区,此模型也能得到与时间有关的稳定的未来强震危险估计。最后,以华北地区为例,说明了本方法的可行性。