松辽盆地中央坳陷区深部咸水层二氧化碳储存潜力评价及其不确定性分析

地质储存是减少CO2等温室气体向大气中人为排放的有效措施,深部咸水层是优先考虑的地下储存空间之一,准确评价CO2在深部成水层中的储存潜力是进行CO2地质储存研究的重要基础.本次研究以松辽盆地中央坳陷区深部咸水层为例,评价其储存CO2的潜力,并考虑储层物性参数的随机性,进行储存潜力的不确定分析.研究结果表明,中央坳陷区深部咸水层CO2地质储存理论潜力为5.34×10<'11>t,若考虑孔隙度不确定性,则储存潜力的随机分布区间为4.14×10<'11>-5.72×10<'11>t,且大于理论储存潜力值的概率约为58.3%,说明孔隙度的不确定性对储存潜力评价结果影响较大,在实际工程中应重点考虑这一问题.     

印度洋热含量在南海夏季风爆发中的作用

利用Scripps海洋研究所0—400m上层海洋热含量资料和美国环境监测中心/国家大气研究中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research,NCEP/NCAR)的再分析资料,运用经验正交分解(empirical orthogonal function,EOF)等统计方法,研究在有ENSO影响和去除ENSO影响的情况下,前期春季印度洋热含量如何影响南海夏季风爆发。结果表明,在没有扣除ENSO信号的情况下,热带印度洋热含量EOF分解第一模态呈东西相反变化的空间分布。印度洋东部热含量为正(负)异常、西部为负(正)异常时,南海夏季风爆发较早(晚),印度洋上层热含量主要通过影响热带印度洋上空大气的垂直运动和高低层辐散辐合,进而影响季风纬向环流的强弱,来影响南海夏季风爆发的早晚。在扣除ENSO信号的情况下,印度洋热含量CEOF(conditional EOF)第一模态的空间分布类似于EOF第一模态的空间分布;第二模态表现为除小部分海区外,热带印度洋热含量呈一致变化的海盆模态。这两个模态对南海夏...     

A Comparative Study of Fish Assemblages Near Aquaculture,Artificial and Natural Habitats

Habitat plays a critical role in regulating fish community structure. Using the data collected from a monthly trammel net survey in Ma’an archipelago off the east coast of China, we evaluated impacts of five different habitats(artificial reefs, mussel farms, cage aquaculture, rocky reefs and soft bottom) on fish assemblages. This study suggests that artificial reefs(AR) have significantly higher species richness, abundance and diversity than mussel farms(MF) or soft bottom(SB) habitats during most seasons, and that fish taxa in the AR habitats are similar to those in the rocky reef(RR) habitats. Two different fish assemblage patterns were revealed in the study area using non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination: an assemblage dominated by reef fishes(especially by Scorpaenidae species) in AR, RR and cage aquaculture(CA) habitats and an assemblage dominated by Sciaenidae species in MF and SB habitats. We suggest that reef fishes play a key role in differentiating fish community structures in the study area. Although few differences in fish abundance and diversity were found between the CA and SB habitats, a more diverse age structure was observed in the CA habitats. A much more complex fish assemblage and enhanced population of local species were established as a result of the presence of both floating and fixed artificial structures, probably through improved survival rates.     

Numerical Simulation of Abnormal Wave Height Change Induced by Excavated Waterway with Boussinesq Equation

A nonlinear numerical model has been set up by use of Boussinesq Equation with finite differ-ence method,and has been applied to the simulation of the abnormal change of wave height induced by ex-cavated waterway.Numerical results demonstrate that the abnormal change of wave height is due to theadding of the reflected wave height induced by excavated waterway to the incident wave height.Becausethe angle between the incident wave and the axis of the waterway is smaller than the critical angle,the re-flected wave produced by the waterway may propagate to the breakwater and may be added with the inci-dent wave,then the abnormal change of wave height before the breakwater may be caused.So the wave re-flection caused by the change of water depth cannot be neglected.     

Hydroelastic Analysis of Very Large Floating Structures Using Plate Green Functions

1 .IntroductionRecentlygreatinteresthasbeenshowninthedevelopmentofverylargefloatingstructuressuchasMegaFloatofJapan (Isobe ,1 999)andMOBofUSA (Remmers ,1 999) .Owingtotheirextremelargesizeandgreatflexibility ,thecouplingbetweenthestructuraldeformationandfluidmotionissignifi cant.Thisisatypicalproblemofhydroelasticity .Efficientandaccurateestimationofthehydroelasticresponseofverylargefloatingstructuresinwavesisveryimportantfordesign .Manymethodshavebeenproposedinliteratureforthepredictiono…     

基于矩形网格的有限差分走时计算方法

对于大多数速度场，地震波沿射线传播的初至波走时，可以用有限差分外推的方法在二维或三维数值网格上计算出来. 在保证精度的条件下，为提高计算效率和适应性，本文推导了基于任意矩形网格和局部平面波前近似的有限差分初至波走时计算方法. 另外，该方法对首波和散射波做了合适的处理，而且不会碰到传统射线法存在的阴影区和焦散区等问题. 简单模型和复杂的Marmousi模型试算的结果表明，该方法精度较高并适用于强纵、横向变速的复杂介质. 基于该方法的Kirchhoff叠前深度偏移, 在主要构造和目的层位置的成像效果上基本达到了波动方程法叠前深度偏移的位置成像效果. 由于未考虑续至波等有效能量，在成像的保幅性上不如波动方程法叠前深度偏移的效果，但其计算效率则明显高于全格林函数法和波动方程法.      

新生代亚洲形变与海陆相互作用

在现今各个大陆中, 亚洲经历的新生代形变最强. 白垩纪到老第三纪时的亚洲大陆, 不仅面积较今为小, 而且形态偏瘦"; 自从始新世印度与亚洲碰撞之后, 亚洲的面积与高度急剧增大. 随着青藏高原隆升和边缘海的张裂, 东亚原来西倾的地势发生倒转, 形成了从大陆中央隆升区向周围辐射的亚洲大河流系. 亚洲隆升有可能是北极冰盖形成与发展的重要因素, 因为隆升不仅改变大气环流、加剧风化作用, 而且还使西伯利亚河系改向北流, 通过注入北冰洋的淡水促使海水结冰、导致冰盖形成. 新生代亚洲形变, 也使得亚洲季风系统在早中新世形成, 又在约8 Ma与约3 Ma时强化. 同时, 西太平洋边缘海系列的形成, 也改变了亚洲大陆与太平洋之间的物质与能量的交换. 流经边缘海的太平洋西部边界流, 对于洋面升降和构造运动极为敏感, 在冰期低海面时边界流位于边缘海之外, 使大洋输向大陆的热量和水分大为减少. 今天, 亚洲与太平洋之间的能流与物流最为活跃, 可惜亚洲在全球气候环境演变中的重要性至今未能获得学术界的充分认识.      

上海市集中测绘成果管理系统的建设与维护

本文在深入调研上海市集中测绘成果管理系统的基础上,通过对系统的建立与长期维护的总结,简要的介绍了系统实现的功能与系统架构,总结了系统建设过程中的思路与做法。着重阐述了系统在整合测绘处理与成果管理、保持基础数据的现势性方面所取得的成果,总结了系统在建设与使用过程中的优缺点,为其它地区建立或改造测绘成果系统提供借鉴。     

Dynamic Response Analysis of Interaction System of R.C. Gravity Single-Leg Platform

In this paper, the responses of the interaction system of R.C. gravity single-leg platform to seismic excitation are mainly analysed. A set of nonlinear equations for the interaction system are established by using the wave, one is the soil-structure interaction and the other is the fluid-structure interaction. The seismic response of the interaction system is analysed for the influence of the asymmetric structure, fluid action, etc. with the input of seismic SH waves in any direction. The numerical results are given for a simple example.     

IAG2001年科学大会与大地测量学的最新进展

扼要报导了国际大地测量学术界的一次重要会议－IAG2001年科学大会。根据会议的学术报告，对坐标系统的统一与协调，全球重力场研究，导航卫星的应用，地壳形变与地球动力学等方面的研究进展作了详细介绍。