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91.
92.
Abstract. Microplankton (silicoflagellates, dinoflagellates, tintinnids, pteropods, crustaceans, and fecal pellets) was analysed in 71 0–95 m samples from the Greenland Sea collected from May to June 1989. Abundances were clearly associated with the ice edge, highest concentrations occurring in ice-free waters. The 15 to 30 m stratum was generally richer in microplankton than deeper waters, with the exception of microcrustaceans, which often peaked below 30 m. Six tintinnid species were identified. The mean size of the tintinnid Parafavella denticulata from the Greenland Sea was consistently greater than that of Barents Sea specimens. It is suggested that colder waters and scarcer food are responsible for these morphometric differences. 相似文献
93.
Seismic reflection profiles from the northern end of Juan de Fuca Ridge reveal three axial valleys having a basement relief of as much as 2 sec (two-way travel time). A thick sequence, presumably of turbidites, mainly less than 0.7 m.y. old, covers much of the area. The oldest turbidites form the upper part of the fill of a possible Tertiary trench between the ridge and North America. The second turbidite unit extends beyond the trench and once formed an abyssal plain over most of northern Juan de Fuca Ridge and the area west to Explorer Ridge. Following formation of the plain, vertical movements began that broadly uplifted the crest of Juan de Fuca Ridge, block-faulted its northern end, produced faulting along Sovanco Fracture Zone, and upwarped the basement north of the ridge. Younger turbidites have filled the lowlands created by the vertical movements. The present sea floor topography and seismic activity show evidence of continued movements. 相似文献
94.
95.
For ejections in the galactic centre (the galactic centre lobe, the galactic centre jet, and the low-energy jet), which were discovered recently, the efficiency of two low plasma- electron re-acceleration processes (Alfvén resonance heating and dissipation by magnetic non-equilibrium) considered recently by one of us (T.M.K.) are discussed and order of magnitude calculations for the dissipated power are given. 相似文献
96.
The Ter Vell (NE Iberian Peninsula) is a eutrophic coastal lagoon which has been flooded by the excess irrigation water and the agricultural runoff during the last decades. Between 1999 and 2003, restoration measures were applied to improve its water quality. At the same time, but independently, agricultural water management drastically reduced the freshwater inflow. The short-term effects of these management actions on the limnological characteristics of the lagoon were analysed by comparing two hydrological cycles, one before (1999/2000) and the other one after (2002/2003) the actions. The two cycles are illustrative of opposite situations in the hydrological functioning of coastal wetlands. In the first, the lagoon was exorheic, with prolonged flooding periods and a low residence time; in the second, it had a more endorheic character, with scarce water inputs and prolonged periods of confinement. Consequently, nitrogen inputs diminished and organic load and salinity increased as the internal loading and the accumulation effects became more relevant. These effects were actually caused by the drastic reduction in the freshwater inflow which prevented, in turn, the success of the restoration measures. The zooplankton community of the Ter Vell lagoon was not significantly altered by the hydrological change, at least in the short-term, and rotifers and cladocerans, mainly those species indicative of eutrophy, dominated the community. 相似文献
97.
Predicting riverine dissolved silica fluxes to coastal zones from a hyperactive region and analysis of their first-order controls 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Jens Hartmann Nils Jansen Hans H. Dürr Akira Harashima Kenji Okubo Stephan Kempe 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(1):207-230
Silicate weathering and resulting transport of dissolved matter influence the global carbon cycle in two ways. First by the
uptake of atmospheric/soil CO2 and second by providing the oceanic ecosystems via the fluvial systems with the nutrient dissolved silica (DSi). Previous
work suggests that regions dominated by volcanics are hyperactive or even “hot spots” concerning DSi-mobilization. Here, we
present a new approach for predicting DSi-fluxes to coastal zones, emphasizing “first-order” controlling factors (lithology,
runoff, relief, land cover and temperature). This approach is applied to the Japanese Archipelago, a region characterized
by a high percentage of volcanics (29.1% of surface area). The presented DSi-flux model is based on data of 516 catchments,
covering approximately 56.7% of the area of the Japanese Archipelago. The spatial distribution of lithology—one of the most
important first order controls—is taken from a new high resolution map of Japan. Results show that the Japanese Archipelago
is a hyperactive region with a DSi-yield 6.6 times higher than the world average of 3.3 t SiO2 km−2 a−1, but with large regional variations. Approximately 10% of its area exceeds 10 times the world average DSi-yield. Slope constitutes
another important controlling factor on DSi-fluxes besides lithology and runoff, and can exceed the influence of runoff on
DSi-yields. Even though the monitored area on the Japanese Archipelago stretches from about 31° to 46°N, temperature is not
identified as a significant first-order model variable. This may be due to the fact that slope, runoff and lithology are correlated
with temperature due to regional settings of the Archipelago, and temperature information is substituted to a certain extent
by these factors. Land cover data also do not improve the prediction model. This may partly be attributed to misinterpreted
land cover information from satellite images. Implications of results for Earth System and global carbon cycle modeling are
discussed. 相似文献
98.
Sandy Wyllie-Echeverria Sandra Looman Talbot Jolene Rae Rearick 《Estuaries and Coasts》2010,33(4):811-827
Using data from eight autosomal microsatellite loci, we investigated levels of within- and between-site variation in the seagrass
Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) from eight locations in the San Juan Archipelago, located in the northwest corner of Washington, USA. Only
117 of the 365 samples collected were unique individuals, and there were large differences in the estimates of clonality among
sites. Site-specific genotypic richness ranged from 0.082 to 0.688, and the distribution of ramets and genets varied widely
within sites. No multilocus genotypes were shared between sites. We found significant differences in distribution of alleles
and variance in allele frequencies among sites, suggesting substantial genetic population substructuring. We detected low
levels of genetic diversity in two sites known to have undergone recent declines and a genetic signature of population expansion
in a site known to be increasing. Thus, like elsewhere, we find that genetic studies add an important component to monitoring
programs in this region. 相似文献
99.
Eric Armynot du Châtelet François GuillotPhilippe Recourt Sandra VentalonNicolas Tribovillard 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2010,342(9):710-717
Testate amoebae are increasingly used for environmental monitoring as well as paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Paleoecological interpretations of testate amoebae assemblages depend on the understanding of the ecological processes operating today. We then ask the question of the link between testate structure and its environment. This study analyses both the grain size and mineralogical assemblage of tests of common species belonging to the genus Centropyxis and Difflugia. It is concluded that grain size is a limiting factor for test construction, whereas mineral composition is not. Hence, when analyzing agglutinated testate amoebae for paleoenvironmental reconstructions, it should be taken into account the mean grain size of the sediment. A non-appropriate grain-size probably inhibits the development of a testate amoebae specific assemblage. 相似文献
100.
Francis X. O’Beirn Peter B. Heffernan Randal L. Walker Michelle L. Jansen 《Estuaries and Coasts》1996,19(3):651-658
Young-of-the-year (YOY) oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in the Gulf of Mexico mature sexually and spawn in their first year. This study determined whether YOY oysters in the southeastern United States also mature and spawn in their first year. In 1991 and 1993, 300 YOY oysters were marked in May and 20–30 were sampled in subsequent months along with 20 adult controls. Two sites were chosen in 1991 (House Creek and Skidaway River) and one in 1993 (Skidaway River). At House Creek, YOY oysters were mature and spawned in September. YOY oysters at Skidaway spawned in October. Adult oysters did not appear to spawn in 1991. In 1993, the adult oysters spawned in August and September whereas, the YOY oysters spawned heavily in October. Oyster recruitment in coastal Georgia extends through October. The potential contribution of YOY oysters to this late season set is substantial, given that the YOY oysters are relatively large (≈4 cm) and are found in greater numbers than the adults. Oysters are capable of having two, if not more, generations within one year, prior to exposure of disease-causing organisms. Also, this particular reproductive strategy would increase the oysters suitability as a test subject in population genetic studies. 相似文献