海洋平台大直径钢管桩打桩过程有限元分析研究

近年来海上工程的规模越来越大,为了满足工程需要,桩基设计常常采用大直径,大长度的钢管桩。打桩过程是个相当复杂的过程,不仅涉及到几何非线性、材料非线性、边界非线性,而且是个动力过程。有限元法在处理打桩分析方面具有很强的优势,采用PLAXIS对不同条件下的打桩问题进行了动力模拟分析。分析显示在打桩过程中,桩端土体会产生较大的水平位移和竖向位移,桩端土体和靠近桩端的部分土塞内会产生较大的超孔隙水压力。在砂土中,停锤较短时间也会使孔压迅速消散,这也是打桩中间的停锤会造成后续打桩困难的主要原因。     

节水灌溉技术在通辽地区应用效果分析

从土壤—作物—大气连续体角度出发,利用农田优化灌溉技术,结合通辽地区农业生产实际,确立优化灌溉技术推广示范田,历经3年的推广试验,灌溉指标明确,经济效益和服务效果比较理想。     

信息化背景下开放式测绘实训教学研究与探索

实验教学是培养学生成为高素质人才必不可少的环节。本文针对当前测量实验教学过程存在的教师主导、学生学习兴趣不高、实验教学效果不理想等问题,积极探索建立以学生能力培养为核心的开放实验教学观念,在开放式测量实验教学过程中,基于CBE理念优化层次化开放实验内容体系,实施基于教学资源平台、实验管理平台和大数据分析的开放实验教学模式和教学诊改,并经过实践证明“互联网+教育”背景下开放式实验教学有利于兼顾学生全面与个性发展,有利于提高学生的整体素质。     

暴雨站数预报在暴雨落点预报中的应用

采用暴雨站数预报与站点降水量预报相结合的方法预报暴雨落点,在１９９８年７～８月的暴雨落点预报中,ＴＳ评分达到２２．４％,超过了ＨＬＡＦＳ和主观预报。进一步的研究分析表明：这种方法可充分利用降水量预报的空间分布信息,预报准确率还存在较大的可提高空间,是一种较为有效的暴雨落点客观预报方法     

Distant ejecta from the Lockne marine‐target impact crater,Sweden

Abstract— The Lockne impact event took place in a Middle Ordovician (455 Ma) epicontinental sea. The impact resulted in an at least 13.5 km wide, concentric crater in the sea floor. Lockne is one of very few locations where parts of an ejecta layer have been preserved outside the crater structure. The ejecta from the Lockne impact rests on progressively higher stratigraphic levels with increasing distance from the crater, hence forming a slightly inclined discontinuity surface in the pre‐impact strata. We report on a ～30 cm thick sandy layer at Hallen, 45 km south of the crater centre. This layer has a fining upward sequence in its lower part, followed by low‐angle cross‐laminations indicating two opposite current directions. It is rich in quartz grains with planar deformation features and contains numerous, up to 15 cm large, granite clasts from the crystalline basement at the Lockne impact site. The layer is within a sequence dated to the Baltoniodus gerdae conodont subzone. The dating is corroborated by chitinozoans indicating the latest Kukruse time below and the late Idavere above the impact layer. According to the chitinozoans biostratigraphy, some erosion may have occurred because of deposition of the impact layer. The Hallen outcrop, today 45 km from the centre of the Lockne crater, is at present the most distant accessible occurrence of ejecta from the Lockne impact. It is also the most distant location so far found where the resurge of water towards the crater has affected the bottom sediments. A greater crater diameter than hitherto assumed, thus representing greater impact energy, might explain the extent of the ejecta blanket. Fluidisation of ejecta, to be expected at a marine‐target impact, might furthermore have facilitated the wide distribution of ejecta.     

Coupling Eeffect of Rriser on Integrated FPS in Deepwater Area

The main challenge in predicting global responses of floating vessels in deep and ultra-deepwater areas comes from the system’s coupled effect. In this paper, the coupled approach is used to analyze effects of riser on floating system in deepwater. The analysis results show that the coupling effects of risers will mainly affect the low frenquency (LF) motions of the system. That is because risers will provide the system with a significant low frenquency (LF) damping, which will vary with the sea- states. Under storm sea- state, the excitation term from drag force will govern the response. While under the moderate conditions, the damping effect from risers is more significant. In the practical engineering, the combination effect should be considered by other ways when the risers are omitted from the model.     

论中国地震政务网在地震突发事件中的作用

中国地震政务网是中国地震局的门户网站,在地震突发事件中是防震减灾信息发布的重要平台,是相关部门、机构、媒体和公众获得地震及抗震救灾等信息的权威渠道和重要来源。对中国地震政务网在地震突发事件中的舆论引导、政策宣传、信息通报、抗震救灾激励、防震减灾知识普及等方面的作用进行了探讨。     

亚热带小流域花岗岩化学风化及CO2消耗速率研究

文章选择深圳市的亚热带典型小流域作为研究对象,通过定期采集流域内降水、泉水、岩石及风化残积土样品,分析所有样品的常量元素和微量元素,探讨流域水体的化学成分组成和主要成分来源以及岩石化学风化程度和风化趋势,结合流域水文气象数据估算了花岗岩化学风化速率及CO2消耗速率.结果表明,研究区地下水化学类型为HCO3-Na型,主要...     

混黏土的粉土、粉砂室内试验液化判别标准的研究

目前对于在循环荷载作用下的混黏土的粉土、粉砂的液化判别还存在着很多问题。根据动三轴试验的结果,对天津地区的混黏土的粉土、粉砂在循环荷载作用下的孔压累积及动变形特性进行了分析研究,对混黏土粉土、粉砂室内试验液化判别的孔压及应变标准进行了探讨。并将现场波速试验与室内试验判别液化的结果相比较。发现对于天津地区的混黏土粉土、粉砂,在循环荷载作用下,孔压达到围压的60 %～80 %,即趋于稳定,相应的全幅应变约为5 %。因此,这两项指标可作为液化的判别标准。     

颗粒破碎对钙质砂压缩特性影响的试验研究

利用南海钙质砂和阿拉伯湾钙质砂,进行侧限压缩试验,对其压缩特性进行分析,得到了相应的压缩指数;采用相对破碎率为度量指标,评价了钙质砂在压缩试验过程中的颗粒破碎情况。同时根据试验数据得到了不同初始相对密实度的砂样的塑性功,通过建立塑性功与相对破碎率以及塑性功与压缩指数之间的关系,探讨了颗粒破碎对钙质砂压缩特性的影响。研究显示,在本次试验条件下,颗粒破碎是导致钙质砂压缩变形的主要因素,钙质砂的中值粒径以及碳酸钙含量等因素对其颗粒破碎程度有明显影响;钙质砂的相对破碎率与其输入的塑性功有关,并且受到初始相对密实度的影响,采用相对密实度进行归一化后,两者呈现较好的幂函数关系;通过建立钙质砂压缩指数与塑性功之间的关系,进一步建立了钙质砂的压缩指数与相对破碎率之间的关系,经相对密实度归一化后,两者也呈现幂函数规律,此规律可以用于评价颗粒破碎对钙质砂压缩特性的影响。