大鹏澳海域水体磷的形态及其分布特征

根据１９９２年１２月（冬季）和１９９３年７月（夏季）对大鹏澳海域２４ｈ定点连续观测和夏季大面调查，统计了该海域各种形态磷的变化范围和平均含量；计算了各种形态磷分别占总磷（ＴＰ）和总溶解磷（ＴＤＰ）的百分比；讨论了各种形态磷之间的相互关系；分析了影响ＴＰ和ＴＤＰ分布的环境因素。     

Molecular identification of bloom-forming species Phaeocystis globosa (Pryninesiophyta) and its dispersal based on rDNA ITS sequence analysis

The colony-forming Phaeocystis species are causative agents of dense bloom occurrences in coastal waters worldwide. It is difficult to separate them because of the different morphologies associated with their colonial stages. In this study we applied molecular approaches to analyze the genetic variation of Phaeocystis globosa and Phaeocystis pouchetii from several geographic regions, and to assist in tracing the dispersal of bloom-forming Phaeocystis species in coastal waters of China. The sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of rDNA and the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene of Phaeocystis strains were determined. Sequence comparison shows that P.globosa was the most divergent to P. pouchetii, exhibiting sequence divergence higher than 0.08. However, lower genetic divergences existed between strains of P.globosa. The sequence comparison of the Phaeocystis rDNA ITS clearly shows that the species isolated from the southeast coast of China is identified as P.globosa rather than P. cf. pouchetii or other species. Furthermore, the significance of rDNA variation in distinct global populations of P.globosa suggested it might have had sufficient time to accumulate detectable mutations at the rDNA locus, supporting the hypothesis of ancient dispersal of P.globosa to many areas, meaning that P.globosa blooms in the coastal waters of China are endemic rather than a newly introduced species or a foreign source. Finally, based on the high divergent region of rDNA ITS, a pair of species-specific primers for P.globosa were designed, they could be useful to detect the presence of this species in mixed plankton assemblages or flagellate stages that are recognized with diffculties by means of conventional microscopy.     

遥感与GIS支持下的海洋渔业空间分布研究——以东海为例

基于海洋渔业多年来生产实践所表明的海洋渔场与海洋水文要素密切相关性,将研究区的遥感融合信息与生产数据进行GIS空间配准,同时建立了诸多要素数据的空间聚类模式,利用该模式提取了水文信息和中心渔场信息相关联的空间分布规律的隐伏信息,由此阐述了实现海洋渔业现代化,应用空间遥感融合信息和GIS支持下指导海洋渔业生产的渔情预报有着重要意义.     

花尾胡椒鲷养殖群体遗传多样性的等位酶研究

应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）技术对取自厦门火烧屿海水网箱的花尾胡椒鲷人工鱼养殖群体的遗传多样性进行等位酶分析。结果表明：所检测的16种同工酶的24个基因座位中，在XDH和GCDH基因座位上发现多态性，其平均多态位点比例为8．33％，基因座位有效等位基因的平均数Ne为1.083，平均杂合度的观测值Ho为0．00556，预期值He为0．00537,Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数（D)为0．035。与其他鱼类相比较说明了其遗传多样性处于较低水平，文中对此进行了探讨并提出相应的种质资源管理保护措施。     

“数字海底”系统建模中的关键技术研究

基于“数字海底”系统的理论基础研究和在海底科学应用中的具体实践,提出了“数字海底”的涵义、系统组成和体系结构,对空间数据管理技术、基于XML的WebGIS空间数据表达技术、复杂海底三维建模技术、多源信息的一体化集成显示技术、虚拟现实技术等“数字海底”系统建模中的关键技术进行了探讨,为从事海底资源研究和开发的人员提供各个层次的参考或帮助.     

区域海洋地质数据库建设纲要

区域海洋地质数据库是中国地质调查局基础数据库的一个重要组成部分，是实现地质调查基础性与公益性战略部署的依托。根据区域海洋地质数据库建设的目标与任务，在数据结构和实施步骤等方面进行了初步研究。区域海洋地质数据库及其管理信息系统适合采取基于Web系统的三层体系结构，在数据构成上亦分为区域海洋地质调查原始资料与成果资料，其中元数据库的建设对数据库的应用非常重要，用户可以通过元数据了解数据的存在性、适宜性、有效性等，确定数据的使用方法，因此，元数据库的建设应采用国际已经普遍认可的ISO/TC211发布的ISO19115空间元数据标准。     

水下智能潜器的神经网络运动控制

本文介绍一种基于神经网络的水下智能潜器的运动控制方法，该方法通过在线学习，融控制与滤波为一体。计算机仿真与水池实验验证表明，该方法的控制与滤波性能良好，对环境的学习与适应能力强。该方法事实上可用于一般动力系统的控制。     

ELASTIC CLASSIFICATION OF MODIFIED WATER MASS IN SHALLOW SEA

In this paper, the principle and steps for differentiating water masses by fuzzy cluster method are introduced, and a scalar formula based on Euclidean distance and a method for determining objectively the number of water masses by F-test are proposed. Consequently, a method and specific steps for differentiating modified water masses in shallow sea according to fuzzy elastic classification are given. Computation of the membership degree in which each sample belongs to every water mass determines conveniently and quantitatively the cores, boundaries of water masses and mixed zones. An example for the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea is shown and compared with previous results.     

碘－钒盐催化下合成的四溴邻苯二甲酸酐

报道一种新的有效催化剂－碘－钒盐和在一定条件下合成四溴邻苯二甲酸酐的方法。探讨催化剂的组成配比、用量、温度及废酸循环使用等因素对合成方法的影响。该催化剂的催化效果和常用的碘、碘－铁催化剂相同，适用于四溴邻苯二甲酸酐的合成。     

仿鱼尾潜器推进系统的水动力分析

以开发适用于小型潜器的仿生操纵与推进系统为研究背景 ,对金枪鱼的月牙形尾鳍进行水动力分析。文中将金枪鱼的尾鳍处理为在做横移和摇摆的耦合运动的同时 ,以某一匀速向前运动的月牙形刚性尾翼。计算中应用了双曲面元和压力库塔条件 ,利用面元法计算分析该三维尾翼的非定常水动力性能。探讨了前进速度、横荡和摇首的幅度、频率及其相位差对推进性能的影响