沙南凹陷古近系中深层砂岩储层特征与岩性油气藏勘探

渤海湾盆地沙南凹陷陡坡带古近系沙河街组二段发育辫状河三角洲相砂岩储集层,该储层受构造位置、埋藏速率、古地温变化、断裂作用的影响,在不同构造区特别是中深层,其物性具有明显的差异性。笔者等利用钻井、测井、地震及分析化验等资料,对中深层砂岩储层沉积相、成岩作用及孔隙演化特征进行研究,提出优质储层的主控因素及演化规律。结果表明,研究区中深层砂岩以岩屑长石砂岩为主,孔隙以粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔为主,储层存在中孔中渗型、中孔低渗型、低孔低渗型和低孔特低渗型4类,且以中孔低渗型为主。储层孔隙总体比较发育,储层整体表现为中等孔隙度、中等渗透率,储层物性较好。对区内优质储层发育的控制因素进行研究表明,富含石英、长石的物源区母岩是区内优质储层发育的物质基础,三角洲分流河道沉积相是优质储层发育的主要沉积相类型,成岩晚期方解石胶结物经过强溶蚀作用是优质储层发育的关键因素。对中深层优质储层时空演化规律分析表明,沙南凹陷南次洼曹妃甸14- e构造区发育辫状河三角洲相砂体,且这些砂体都位于有效烃源岩内,油气运聚条件优越,所以岩性油气藏勘潜力较大。已钻井也证明了区内厚油层的存在,说明该区是沙南凹陷岩性油气藏勘探最有利场所。     

预测有效波高的深度学习模型研究

研究基于RNN、LSTM、GRU深度学习模型,针对NOAA浮标数据集中的44013、44014、44017浮标的数据,通过斯皮尔曼相关性分析提高模型预测效果。实验结果表明,在进行相关性分析后,S-RNN、S-LSTM、 S-GRU的预测效果均比原始RNN、LSTM、GRU模型预测效果好。此外,提出一种基于LSTM的LSTM-Attention 波高预测模型,并进行相关实验,量化LSTM-Attention模型的预测效果,实验结果表明LSTM-Attention模型有更好的预测效果。为评估模型的泛化能力,研究还提出了一种采用邻近浮标数据进行学习,预测浮标缺失数据的方 法。实验结果表明,该方法的预测精度可以达到97.93%。本研究为海浪预测提供了新的方法和思路,也为未来深 度学习模型在海浪预测中的应用提供了参考。     

浙西南淡竹花岗闪长岩中锆石的成因研究及其地质意义

本文对浙西南地区淡竹花岗闪长岩中的锆石群进行了形态学、地球化学和年代学的系统研究。研究结果表明, 该花岗闪长岩中存在两种不同类型的锆石: 岩浆锆石和变质锆石。前者为自形—半自形的长柱状晶体, 无色透明, 富含岩浆和矿物包裹体, 其背散射电子图像 (BSE图像) 显示出均匀的内部构造 (少数具有韵律环带构造), 其晶型指数落在钙碱性系列花岗闪长岩的范围内; 后者大多数以增生边的形式围绕岩浆锆石生长, 极少量呈他形的粒状晶体, 呈黄褐色—半透明, 其BSE图像亦呈现均匀的内部构造。这两类锆石在化学成分上有较大的差异, 表现为岩浆锆石比变质锆石明显地富U、Th、Y等阳离子置换元素。锆石LAICPMS UPb定年分析结果表明, 岩浆锆石和变质锆石分别形成于1875±33 Ma和209±12 Ma两个不同的时代, 为浙闽运动和印支运动在浙西南地区的表现提供了有力的客观证据。     

Softs of Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, the maritime Antarctic: Part I. Formation processes and pedogenetic particularities

Based on the data obtained from tens of the investigated soil profiles scattered over the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, the maritime Antarctic, the soil-forming processes were discussed. It was concluded that on the weathering crusts resulted from various physical courses, the strong freeze-thaw action within regolith, significant organic matter accumulation, evident leaching and illuviation, as well as initial argillification dominated the formation and development of the soils on the Fildes Peninsula. Furthermore, this study indicated that the juvenility of genesis, poor profile-expression, variation in column thickness, etc. characterized the pedogenetic features of the soils of the Fildes Peninsula.     

油罐区砖砌防火堤的抗震验算

介绍了油罐区砖砌防火堤的抗震验算基本原理和方法,并按照验算方法实现其通用化计算。防火堤主要受到4种荷载作用,即自重惯性力及其引起的弯矩、堤内静液压力及其引起的弯矩、堤内动液压力及其引起的弯矩、自重引起的垂直力。按不同烈度要求计算得到4种荷载作用校核堤的截面抗力和地基强度。通过两个算例检验该方法在抗震鉴定中的应用。两个防火堤典型断面的截面强度、抗滑动及抗倾覆稳定性、地基强度验算结果分别符合抗震设防7度和8度要求。防火堤作为备用体系,其抗震验算程序的通用性具有实用意义。     

黄河流域气候水分盈亏时空格局分析

以中国气象局整编的1961~2001 年的气象资料为数据基础,采用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)1998 年推荐使用的Penmanmonteith模型,并以GIS技术为手段进行黄河流域气候水分盈亏的时空分布格局分析。结果表明：黄河流域干旱缺水是一种普遍现象,气候水分盈亏量在空间上总的变化规律表现为自南向北、自东向西气候水分亏缺量呈逐渐增大趋势,大部分地区全年气候水分亏缺量介于200~600 mm之间;就季节分布而言,水分亏缺的主要时期在春季和初夏,亏缺量一般在180~300 mm之间;就典型站点气候水分盈亏量逐月变化而言,存在着区域差异。研究结果和结论对区域充分发挥水分利用效率、发展高效节水农业具有重要意义。     

云南锅底塘东邻唐家坝组＼“大老堡组”界线层型

“云南麻栗坡地区矿产远景调查”及与之匹配的“越北古陆北缘地质构造演化及其成矿效应研究”中,经实测剖面和填图扫面,以“岩石地层单位填图”的要义比照,测区晚寒武世及相涉延及早奥陶世早期的岩石地层单位序列宜为：唐家坝组＼“大老堡组”＼博菜田组。其中,“大老堡组”为新拟建增设单位,也导致相关临叠地层单位现在定义和分割界面的更新。介绍唐家坝组＼“大老堡组”界线层型及其层型界面所反映的沉积环境转换面属性,上、下邻叠岩层联合构成的标志层组合,是融地层学、沉积学为一体“’的优化挟择。     

基于U型卷积神经网络的航空影像建筑物检测

经典的卷积神经网络结构在前向传播过程中分辨率不断下降,导致仅采用末层特征时难以实现建筑物边缘的精确分割,进而限制目标检测精度。针对该问题,提出一种基于U型卷积网络的建筑物检测方法。首先借鉴在图像分割领域中性能出色的神经网络模型U-Net的建模思想,采用对称式的网络结构融合深度网络中的高维和低维特征以恢复高保真边界;其次考虑到经典U-Net对位于特征金字塔顶层的模型参数优化程度相对不足,通过在顶层和底层两个不同尺度输出预测结果进行双重约束,进一步提升了建筑物检测精度。在覆盖范围达30 km²、建筑物目标28 000余个的航空影像数据集上的试验结果表明,本文方法的检测结果在IoU和Kappa两项关键评价指标的均值上分别达到83.7%和89.5%,优于经典U-Net模型,显著优于经典全卷积网络模型和基于人工设计特征的AdaBoost模型。     

Relationships between Interannual and Intraseasonal Variations of the Asian-Western Pacific Summer Monsoon Hindcasted by BCC_CSM1.1（m）

Using hindcasts of the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model, the relationships between interannual variability （IAV） and intraseasonal variability （ISV） of the Asian-western Pacific summer monsoon are diagnosed. Predictions show reasonable skill with respect to some basic characteristics of the ISV and IAV of the western North Pacific summer monsoon （WNPSM） and the Indian summer monsoon （ISM）. However, the links between the seasonally averaged ISV （SAISV） and seasonal mean of ISM are overestimated by the model. This deficiency may be partially attributable to the overestimated frequency of long breaks and underestimated frequency of long active spells of ISV in normal ISM years, although the model is capable of capturing the impact of ISV on the seasonal mean by its shift in the probability of phases. Furthermore, the interannual relationships of seasonal mean, SAISV, and seasonally averaged long-wave variability （SALWV; i.e., the part with periods longer than the intraseasonal scale） of the WNPSM and ISM with SST and low-level circulation are examined. The observed seasonal mean, SAISV, and SALWV show similar correlation patterns with SST and atmospheric circulation, but with different details. However, the model presents these correlation distributions with unrealistically small differences among different scales, and it somewhat overestimates the teleconnection between monsoon and tropical central-eastern Pacific SST for the ISM, but underestimates it for the WNPSM, the latter of which is partially related to the too-rapid decrease in the impact of E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation with forecast time in the model.     

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of the Latest Cretaceous Intrusive Rocks from the Eastern Gangdese Belt, Southeast Tibet

The latest Cretaceous magmatic activity in the eastern segment of the Lhasa terrane provides important insights for tracking the magma source and geodynamic setting of the eastern Gangdese batholith, eastward of eastern Himalayan Syntaxis. Detailed petrological, geochemical and geochronological studies of the intrusive rocks (monzodiorites and granodiorites) of the eastern Gangdese batholith are presented with monzodiorites and granodiorites giving zircon U–Pb crystallization dates of 70–66 Ma and 71–66 Ma with εHf(t) values of ?4.8 to +6.2 and ?1.9 to +5.3, respectively. These rocks are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous I-type granites showing geochemically arc-related features of enrichment in LREEs and some LILEs, e.g., Rb, Th, and U, and depletion in HREEs and some HFSEs, e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti. The rocks are interpreted to be derived from partial melting of mantle material and juvenile crust, respectively, which are proposed to be triggered by Neo-Tethyan slab rollback during northward subduction, with both experiencing ancient crustal contamination. The studied intrusive rocks formed in a transitional geodynamic setting caused by Neo-Tethyan oceanic flat subduction to slab rollback beneath the eastern Gangdese belt during the latest Cretaceous.