Effects of the closure of a major sewage outfall on sublittoral, soft sediment benthic communities

The present study examines the benthos within western inner Swansea Bay (Wales, UK), for the period before, during and immediately after the cessation of a major, sewage discharge from Mumbles Head. There have been significant improvements in seawater quality and changes in the species composition of the benthic communities following the cessation of the sewage discharge. There has been an increase in the diversity of deposit feeders, especially the amphipods, and a decrease in the diversity of the filter feeders, especially the polychaetes. Changes are not attributable either to sediment organic matter content or to gross changes in sediment type, but are related to the significant reduction in suspended particulate organic material and sewage contaminants discharged to the Bay. A recovery model has been proposed to describe how soft sediment benthic communities in a shallow, sublittoral, high tidal energy environment respond to the abrupt cessation of a major sewage discharge.     

近实时公共气象服务分析图网站发布

给出一种基于开源IDV工具构建气象产品网站发布平台的设计思路和实现方法。近实时公共气象服务分析图将使用人员定位于浏览器端县乡级气象、农技、公众群体,突出分析图的时空分级覆盖、耕作层气象服务、山地气象服务和灾害气象服务。通过内容、时间、区域以及表现形式4个方面的分解,描述了网站的设计原理。通过本体技术实现气象要素向气象知识的过渡。通过图形产品的静态和动态层分别处理,提高了二维和三维图形产品的生成速度。构建形成的气象产品发布平台已经在多个网站得到应用并得到好评。     

镜头畸变参数对航测像点量测精度的影响

为了得到径向畸变、切向畸变和非方形像元改正3种镜头畸变参数最优化的组合,提高航测时的像点量测精度,研究了不同畸变参数组合条件下对像点量测精度的影响。采用3种型号的镜头对辽宁工程技术大学北校区进行了航测,并利用Virtuozo AAT-PATB空三软件测试了几种典型组合下的航测结果精度。试验结果表明：在条件允许的情况下,尽可能采用较为全面的畸变参数能够最大限度地提升航测结果的精度;当条件有限时,采用K₁和K₂组合的模型可以消除大部分镜头畸变带来的影响,对结果精度的提升最为显著。研究成果可以为其他无人机航测任务提供参考。     

阿克苏初秋一次暴雨过程诊断分析

本文利用常规地面与高空观测资料、自动站逐时资料、NECP1°×1°再分析资料,对阿克苏地区2015年9月7日局地暴雨进行分析。结果表明,造成此次暴雨的主要原因有(1)中尺度分析暴雨发生前阿克苏处于高能高湿不稳定区域;(2)08时至20时探空图中湿层、风向以及不稳定能量的突变预示了强对流天气的发生;(3)暴雨过程的大部分水汽是通过低层偏东气流输送,水汽的来源主要为孟加拉湾,其次北疆短波槽及蒙古槽也提供了少量水汽(4)锋区加强、垂直风切变增大、水平风速辐合提供了热力及动力条件,垂直速度伸展高度影响了对流云厚度及高度。(5)地面风速辐合触发对流,加之较好的地面热力条件以及一定的地形增益暴雨强度。(6)地面辐合线及偏东风输送位置影响暴雨落区。     

大气的热力学总熵

在考虑了大气各化学成分的熵、扩散弓:起的熵增加和位温在大气中的分布以后,求得全球大气总熵为3.56×10~(22)J/K.本文给出从位温求熵的新公式,还发现不同位温占有的大气质量遵守概率论中的Gamma分布. 本文还就热力学熵与信息熵的关系作了有启发意义的讨论.     

“祥云”进入高新技术开发区

由兰州中心气象台主办的兰州祥云电子设备公司,近日在兰州宁卧庄开发区科技街正式挂牌。它作为我省气象部门首家获准进入国家级高新技术产业开发区的高新技术企业,将从事气象卫星地面站、家用卫星电视接收站及有关电子通讯设备的研制及生产。同时与深圳蛇口自动化设备集团合作,经营电子计算机、现代办公设备、各类办公材料及品     

最大熵原理对大气状态的约束

本文对分布函数概念,对已经找到的重要的气象中的分布函数,对如何从熵原理去理解它们作了综合介绍.文中还对如何将此用于数值天气预告、气候变迁研究作了分析.     

降水过程中的一个指数关系

为探索降水过程的普遍规律性,我们分析了国内各地大量的降水自记曲线资料.从中发现降水强度与其持续时间之间存在着很好的负指数关系.这在暴雨预告中显然是很有实用价值的. 一、事实与经验图1是南昌市一次总量为64.3mm的降水过程的自记曲线.从外形上看,它是很复杂的,似乎难以找出什么规律.但是,如果我们     

Interactive effects of UV, benzo[alpha] pyrene, and cadmium on DNA damage and repair in embryos of the grass shrimp Paleomonetes pugio

We examined the link between DNA strand breaks and hatching rates in grass shrimp, (Paleomonetes pugio), embryos exposed to 0.2 microM benzo[alpha] pyrene (BP), 5 microM cadmium (Cd) and 330 kJ/m(2) UV light, either alone or together. After exposure, embryos were transferred to clean seawater with or without 5 microM Cd. Hatching rates and DNA strand breaks (Comet Assay) were determined. DNA lesions caused by exposure to BP, UV light, or BP/cadmium were rapidly repaired and were not associated with any effects on hatching. Exposure to Cd after exposure to BP or UV did not affect embryological development or DNA repair. Exposure to BP/UV resulted in a high level of DNA lesions which were slowly repaired. Exposure to cadmium following BP/UV exposure inhibited hatching and DNA repair. Adducts formed during exposure to BP/UV exposure may be difficult to excise or may saturate the nucleotide excision repair system.