THE MAIN FEATURES OF MORPHOSTRUCTURE OFTHE TRANSREGIONAL AMUR-SONGHUA-HUANGHEFAULT ZONE IN EAST ASIA

DuringthelastseveralyearstheRussian-Chinese~tivemorphOStructUralinvestigationswerecarriedoutalongthetransregionalfaultzonewhichstretcheSmorethan3000kin,fromlowerstreamoftheHuanghecaver,ac~theffehaho,Liaohedep~ion,thenalongthehahuaandthelowerAInurvalleystotheNorthffekhalinandprobablytothecentralPartofOkhotskAsbasin.It'soneofthelargestfaultzonesintheeasternrnalginofAsia.OntheterritoryofnortheasternChinathemostpinOfthiszoneiskno~asTall-L.faultzonewhichhasbeenstudiedbyChinesegeologistsform…     

The Inclusions in Superdeep Diamonds: Indication and Response to Deep Mantle Physical and Chemical Environment

Superdeep diamonds and their inclusions are important samples to probe the physical and chemical environment and constitution of Earth’s deep mantle. By combining the studies of high-precision in-situ analysis and HPHT synthetic diamond experiments, and by reviewing the new discovery of classical mineral inclusions and their combinations, the ranges of different inclusion combinations, as well as the relationship between trace elements and temperature-pressure conditions were reoriented. The so-called nominally anhydrous minerals combinations, metal phases and redox environments in superdeep mantle were also affirmed. Meanwhile,the recent findings of inclusions and isotopes in superdeep diamonds support the fact that the remaining subduction ocean crust may be a significant reservoir of the deep mantle’s water and the deep mantle carbon cycle is closely related to oceanic subduction. Furthermore, although Chinese scholars have discovered some kinds of superdeep inclusions in diamonds from North China Craton and Yangtze Craton, and made considerable progress in the study of the formation of UHP diamonds and the genesis of ophiolite diamonds, there are still many scientific questions about superdeep diamonds that require further research.     

断层封启性的研究现状与发展方向

断层封启性在油气运移和成藏中至关重要。断层封启性是指断层上、下两盘之间岩性和物理性质差异引起的排替压力差，这种压力差控制流体在断层上、下盘之间的通过能力。断层封启性从运移方向上分为垂向封启和侧向封启，从隔离带性质上分为断层面封启和岩性封启。封启性的控制因素有并置作用、碎裂作用、胶结作用、涂抹充填作用以及沥青质沉淀等。其研究方法有Allan图法、断层面压力法、泥岩涂抹法、声波时差法、地震速度谱识别法、逻辑信息法、非线性映射分析法、模糊数学法和连通性概率法等。目前的研究方法均为一定角度下手段单一的定量或半定量分析，因此断层封启性研究方法的突破方向将是在不同角度下的综合定量分析。     

热与克拉通破坏

大陆克拉通是地球表面上相对稳定的构造单元。从地热学的角度考虑,克拉通岩石圈的稳定意味着地表热流等于对流地幔岩石圈底部提供的热流加上岩石圈内部由放射性衰变产生的热量。太古代稳定克拉通一般具有冷的地热特征,且处于热平衡状态。打破克拉通热平衡的因素有多种,如岩石圈地幔的放射性生热、来自深部的地幔柱、板块俯冲等。华北是全球古老克拉通遭受破坏最明显和最典型的地区,其破坏与中生代太平洋板块向东亚的深俯冲密切相关。古太平洋板块快速俯冲并停滞在地幔转换带脱水、形成宽约1 000 km的低粘大地幔楔,导致地幔对流增强。在活跃地幔对流的热侵蚀与橄榄岩-熔体相互作用共同作用下,华北克拉通在中生代期间迅速减薄。经过中生代加热减薄的华北克拉通岩石圈强度显著变弱,在俯冲板块后撤作用下,岩石圈拉张并进一步减薄,地表热流升高。华北克拉通破坏是一个漫长的历程,期间大地热流的演化特征呈现出由中生代以前的低值演化至新生代的高值再过渡到现今的中等状态（接近全球大陆平均值）。     

应用流体包裹体研究致密砂岩储层多期油气充注历史——以鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾地区延长组长8段砂岩为例

本文以鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘镇泾地区延长组长8段致密砂岩储层为例,利用流体包裹体岩相学、微束荧光光谱及显微测温等分析方法, 厘定油气充注期次和时间,同时结合储层成岩演化,探讨储层致密化与油气成藏过程。研究表明,储层孔隙沥青呈黄色和蓝白色荧光, 并以蓝白色为主;石油包裹体呈黄色、黄绿色及蓝白色荧光,并以后两者居多。与黄色荧光石油包裹体同期的盐水包裹体均一温度主峰为 80℃～90℃; 而与黄绿色和蓝白色荧光石油包裹体同期的盐水包裹体均一温度主峰分别为105℃～115℃和110℃～120℃。研究区储层主要经历了3期烃类充注：第一期发生在早白垩世早期（138～130Ma）,表现为少量的低熟油充注;第二期发生在早白垩世晚期（124～105Ma）,为关键成藏期,与大规模成熟油充注相关; 第三期发生在晚白垩世（85～73Ma）,古油藏发生调整,再次成藏。储层早成岩阶段以机械压实、薄膜状绿泥石、高岭石及微晶方解石胶结为主,在中高孔渗条件下发生了早期石油充注;随着继续压实,石英加大、孔隙填充绿泥石、高岭石及亮晶方解石胶结发育,储层逐渐致密化 晚期石油在低渗致密储层内的运聚成藏主要受早期烃类充注路径控制。     

Geochemistry of Late Mesozoic mafic dykes in western Fujian Province of China： Sr-Nd isotope and trace element constraints

The Bancun diabase dyke and the Bali hornblende gabbro dyke in western Fujian Province were emplaced in the Early and Late Cretaceous periods, respectively; the former is designated to calc-alkaline series and the latter to K-high-calc-alkaline rock series. Both the dykes are characterized by such geochemical characteristics as high Al and Na2O>K2O. As for the Bancun dyke, Al2O3=16.32%–17.54% and K2O/Na2O=0.65–0.77; as for the Bali dyke, Al2O3=16.89%–17.81% and K2O/Na2O=0.93–0.99. Both the Bancun and Bali mafic dykes are relatively enriched in LILE and LREE, but depleted in HSFE, displaying the geochemical characteristics of continental marginal arc, with high initial Sr isotopic ratios and low εNd (t) values. The (87Sr/86Sr)i ratios of the Bancun diabase dyke are within the range of 0.708556–0.70903 and their εNd (t) values vary between -6.8 and -6.3; those of the Bali hornblende dyke are within the range of 0.710726–0.710746 and their εNd (t) values are -4.7– -4.9, showing the characteristics of enriched mantle EM II. The isotope and trace element data showed that the mafic dykes have not experienced obvious crustal contamination, and metasomatism caused by subduction fluids is the main factor leading to LILE and LREE enrichments. The enriched mantle is the source region for the mafic dykes, and mixing of subduction fluid metasomatized enriched mantle and EM II-type mantle constituted the mantle source region of both the Bancun and Bali mafic dykes. Upwelling of the asthenosphere mantle provided sufficient heat energy for the generation of magmas. In accordance with the discrimination diagram of their tectonic settings as well as their trace element geochemical characteristics, it is considered that the dykes both at Bancun and Bali possess the characteristics of continental marginal arc, revealing the tectonic environment of formation of the mafic dykes, the continental dynamic background as an intraplate tensional belt in which the mafic dykes were emplaced. Meanwhile, it is also indicated that the tensional tectonic stress mechanism is responsible for the formation of the mafic dykes in western Fujian Province.     

天然矿物自然铝的研究进展

综述了国内外自然铝的发现与研究史;自然铝的物理性质和颗粒形态、元素组成及含量、晶体结构参数等特征;自然铝的成因模式。自然铝主要见于老的火山和热液矿石中,或现代和中-新生代的海底活动构造带（如转换断层、中央海隆以及弧后扩张中心）的海洋沉积物中,有地幔碳热还原、海底热液内生和陆地表生置换等3种成因模式。     

福建肖坂韧性剪切带型金矿特征及成因探讨

肖坂金矿处在闽中金矿化集中区内。矿床受元古界基性、酸性双峰式火山岩层位及韧性剪切带双重控制,属绿岩带中的韧性剪切带型金矿床。     

Cooling and exhumation of the oldest Sanqiliu uranium ore system in Motianling district,South China Block

The Sanqiliu uranium deposit belongs to a uranium ore system in Motianling district. It is the oldest uranium deposit in South China. Primary uranium mineralization occurred almost simultaneously with the emplacement of the host granites and subsequent dykes, and it has a relatively high grade of uranium (0.421%). We clarify the age of mineralization and investigate the cooling history through new pitchblende U–Pb and apatite fission‐track thermochronology. The pitchblende U–Pb results indicate that uranium mineralization occurred at ~801–759 Ma. Fractionation of uranium and lead at ~374–295 Ma is interpreted as remobilization and resetting of the original uranium. The Motianling area has apatite fission‐track ages of 57 to 18 Ma. By combining our results with previous work, we conclude that the deposit cooled slowly and was exposed at the surface during the Cenozoic. The timing and depth of exhumation helped to preserve and avoid erosion of the uranium deposit, and highlight the potential for regional uranium exploration.     

草桃背矿床白垩纪橄榄玄粗岩与铀成矿关系

赣南会昌断陷盆地沿石城-寻乌深断裂分布一条白垩纪橄榄玄粗岩系列的火山岩带。草桃背大型铀矿床内出露大富足岩体中-粗粒黑云母花岗岩及早白垩世晚期到晚白垩世早期橄榄玄粗岩系列火山岩。大富足花岗岩体岩石w(SiO₂)平均为74.67％,碱总量(w（K₂O+Na₂O）)平均为7.99％,w(K₂O)>w(Na₂O),w(CaO)平均为0.54％,w(Al₂O₃)>w(CaO+Na₂O+K₂O),属高钾钙碱性岩石系列。橄榄玄粗系列火山岩岩石w(SiO₂)为45.78 %~59.78 %,w(K₂O+Na₂O)平均为7.37%,K₂O/Na₂O平均为1.02,w(TiO₂)平均为0.86%, 全铁质量分数平均为7.09%,属偏碱性橄榄玄粗质火山岩类。草桃背铀矿床赋矿岩性为橄榄玄粗岩、碎裂花岗岩及隐爆角砾岩。赋存于碎裂花岗岩及隐爆角砾岩中铀矿石化学成分,与围岩花岗岩成分相似;赋存于橄榄玄粗岩中铀矿石,Fe₂O₃+Fe₂O、CaO、MgO不同程度地带出,w(SiO₂)明显增高,表明橄榄玄粗岩在成矿过程中,通过输出大量Fe、Mg、Ca等阳离子而促进铀离子从含矿溶液中沉淀。草桃背矿床的铀矿化与充填在草桃背火山口的橄榄玄粗岩关系密切,在时间上相近、在空间上相伴、在成生上相关,受橄榄玄粗岩岩浆系列热动力的影响,铀元素发生活化、转移或物质交换而成矿,成岩成矿时代属早白垩世晚期到晚白垩世早期。从草桃背铀矿床岩石学、地球化学及赋矿特征入手,总结了铀成矿是富铀矿的花岗岩基底、北东向构造及火山作用结合的产物,橄榄玄粗岩提供热源,并指出半岭、上寮、小富足等地段是寻找草桃背式铀矿床的极有利地区。