长江氮的输送通量

1997年枯水期(11～12月)和1998年丰水期(8月和10月),对长江流域从金沙江至河口干流和主要支流、湖泊各种形态的氮(N)进行了调查。各种形态N的基本输送模式为,从上游至河口通量逐渐增加,其中以硝酸盐(NO₃-N)、溶解无机氮(DIN)、总溶解氮(TDN)和总氮(TN)最显著,这与它们的稳定程度有关。长江口各种形式N的输出通量大部分是由中、下游贡献的,特别是枯水期。支流和湖泊贡献的N大约占输出通量的一半以上,其中洞庭湖水系贡献最大,鄱阳湖水系次之。长江枯、丰期三态无机N的输送和输出通量中,NO₃ N占绝大部分。各种形式的溶解N输送和输出通量中,DIN是主要的。在所有形式的N中,溶解形式的N占绝大部分。长江枯、丰期干、支流各种形式N通量和长江口各种形式N的输出通量主要受径流量所控制,与人类活动密切相关。并提出了长江各种形式N的输送方程式。     

Screen and effect analysis of immunostimulants for sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicus

Immunostimulants may improve disease resistance of aquaculture animals by promoting the nonspecific immunity response of the organisms. Five types of saccharides, including chitosan, yeast polysaccharide, burdock oligosaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide and lentinus edodes polysaccharide, were screened for potential use as immunostimulants by using spectrophotometry. The saccharides were injected into Apostichopus japonicus, a sea cucumber, and the lysozyme and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of the coelomic fluid and epidermal slime were monitored in six consecutive days. The results show that the lysozyme activity of the animal's coelomic fluid was significantly stimulated on day 2, day 4 and day 6 after the injection of the saccharides (P<0.05). The effects of chitosan and yeast polysaccharide were the most notable. The lysozyme activity of the epidermal slime was significantly increased by chitosana, yeast polysaccharide, seaweed polysaccharide, and burdock oligosaccharide on day 1 and day 2 after the injection (P<0.05). The SOD activity of the coelomic fluid was significantly promoted by the saccharides on day 2 and day 4 post-injection (P<0.05), while the SOD activity of the epidermal slime increased on day 2. These findings indicate that chitosan and yeast polysaccharide are the most effective immunostimulants and potential healthy anti-disease feedstuff for A. japonicus.     

The Mechanism of Groundwater Salinization and Its Control in the Yaoba Oasis, Inner Mongolia

The arid area is one of the most concerned areas among the water resources researchers and economists. Northwest China will be an important developing region of China in the 21st century. Yaoba is a well-irrigation oasis within this arid area, which is located in the Alxa area west of the Helan Mountains and next to the Tengger desert in the east. It has contributed greatly to the local stock raising and agriculture since its development in 1970. However, the groundwater which the oasis depends on to survive has been getting salinized gradually and more serious in recent years.A comprehensive study was carried out using the methods of groundwater environment isotope analysis, lithofaci-es and palaeogeography, calculations of water-rock interaction and the existing form of chemical components in groundwater etc. It has been found that the salinization of groundwater is mainly caused by reinfiltration water solving the salt in soil which is deposited simultaneously with the sediments and accumulated in th     

苏北盐城油气藏流体历史分析及成藏机理

本文利用流体包裹体分析技术,详细剖析了盐城凹陷油气储层中烃类包裹体的地球化学特征,结果表明盐城油气原始母源输入兼有水生藻类和高等植物,沉积环境以还原性占优势,水体有较高盐度,而且油气进入储层前业已成熟。油气注入史研究表明盐城油气注入至少有两期,注入时间分别约为32～34 Ma、5.5～12 Ma,且以第二期注入为主。盐城凹陷油气主要来源于古生界海相腐泥型源岩,并有少许上白垩统泰州组或浦口组的贡献。以张性为主的大断层,是油气向上注入的有效通道,属典型的下生上储成藏模式。     

The Role of the Halted Baroclinic Mode at the Central Equatorial Pacific in El Nino Event

The role of halted "baroclinic modes" in the central equatorial Pacific is analyzed. It is found that dominant anomaly signals corresponding to "baroclinic modes" occur in the upper layer of the equatorial Pacific, in a two-and-a-half layer oceanic model, in assimilated results of a simple OGCM and in the ADCP observation of TAO. A second "baroclinic mode" is halted in the central equatorial Pacific corresponding to a positive SST anomaly while the first "baroclinic mode" propagates eastwards in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The role of the halted second "baroclinic mode" in the central equatorial Pacific is explained by a staged ocean-atmosphere interaction mechanism in the formation of El Nino: the westerly bursts in boreal winter over the western equatorial Pacific generate the halted second "baroclinic mode" in the central equatorial Pacific, leading to the increase of heat content and temperature in the upper layer of the central Pacific which induces the shift of convection from over the western equatorial Pacific to the central equatorial Pacific; another wider, westerly anomaly burst is induced over the western region of convection above the central equatorial Pacific and the westerly anomaly burst generates the first "baroclinic mode" propagating to the eastern equatorial Pacific, resulting in a warm event in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The mechanism presented in this paper reveals that the central equatorial Pacific is a key region in detecting the possibility of ENSO and, by analyzing TAO observation data of ocean currents and temperature in the central equatorial Pacific, in predicting the coming of an El Nino several months ahead.     

峨眉大火成岩省的岩石地球化学特征及时限

本文根据盐源－丽江岩区和攀西岩区峨眉山玄武岩的地球化学组成，包括各种氧化物之间的关系、微量元素标准化曲线、Th/Yb与Ta/Yb、Ce/Nb与Th/Nb，以及^87Sr/^86Sr与^143Nd/^144Nd值的相互关系，重点对峨眉山玄武岩地幔源的地球化学特点、上扬子地区岩石圈地幔的地球化学特征及成因、地幔热柱与岩石圈地幔的相互作用，以及峨眉山玄武岩的喷发时限进行了初步探讨。     

青岛市科学利用住房调查成果促进资源利用效率的最大化

0引言实施城镇居民住房状况调查是政府科学制定城市发展规划和建设计划、制定完善相关政策的基础工作,世界各地已有100多个国家和地区采取不同形式实施经常性的住房调查。居民住房状况调查数据在住房和房地产业政策制定中的先导作用已被越来越多的各国政府机构所重视和肯定。2005年,青岛市组织的居民住房状况调查、最低生活保障家庭住房状况调查,使青岛成为继1985年全国房屋普查后率先组织实施(具有普查性质)住房调查工作的城市。通过调查建立了《住房状况调查数据查询分析系统》、编制了《青岛市住房状况调查数据资料汇编》和《青岛市住房…