Early diagenetic deformation structures of the Furongian ribbon rocks in Shandong Province of China——A new perspective of the genesis of limestone conglomerates

Ribbon rocks are characterized by an alternation of millimeter-to centimeter-thick limestone and argillaceous deposits (marlstone or shale).The sedimentary processes and diagenetic characteristics of ribbon rocks might be critical to the formation of limestone conglomerates.According to detailed field measurement and laboratory analyses (thin section observation and XRD analysis),four types of ribbon rocks are classified,i.e.,limestone and marlstone couplet (L-M),limestone and shale couplet (L-S),thin-bedde...     

山东雨季季内降水分型及旱涝并存与急转——气候特征

采用1965—2007年山东省地面测站的逐日降水量和同期NCEP日平均再分析资料,运用统计学方法,探讨了季内降水分型、季节内振荡及旱涝突变的气候特征。结果表明,主要分为全省一致Ⅰ、东西反相Ⅱ、南北反相Ⅲ三种类型。他们的季内旱涝急转显示了典型的气候意义,Ⅰ型在6月下旬旱涝急转、8月中旬后期和9月初涝旱急转,与山东“夏季”雨季开始、结束时间的关键期是一致的。分型不仅限于山东,而是有着更广的旱涝区域。当Ⅰ型正相位时500 hPa高度场对应亚欧-北太平洋中高纬度为正距平,Ⅱ型表现出西北太平洋西岸的PJ波列,Ⅲ型对应着从西太沿岸-美洲西岸的类PNA型遥相关。      

太阳磁场磁性指数异常变化对南北半球中纬度气候的影响

本文参照太阳黑子相对数特征建立了太阳黑子磁场磁性指数时间序列. 大气温度场谱分析结果显示,南北半球中纬度平流层和对流层大气温度场普遍存在22年变化周期. 分析认为,大气温度场的22年变化周期是太阳活动22年磁性周期所激发.     

Compositions of Upper Mantle Fluids Beneath Eastern China: Implications for Mantle Evolution

The composition of gases trapped in olivine, orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene in Iherzolite xenoliths collected from different locations in eastern China has been measured by the vacuum stepped-heating mass spectrometry. These xenoliths are hosted in alkali basalts and considered as residues of partial melting of the upper mantle, and may contain evidence of mantle evolution. The results show that various kinds of fluid inclusions in Iherzolite xenoliths have been released at distinct times, which could be related to different stages of mantle evolution. In general, primitive fluids of the upper mantle (PFUM) beneath eastern China are dominated by H2, CO2 and CO, and are characterized by high contents of H2 and reduced gases. The compositions of PFUM are highly variable and related to tectonic settings. CO, CO2 and H2 are the main components of the PFUM beneath cratons; the PFUM in the mantle enriched in potassic metasomatism in the northern part of northeastern China has a high content of H2, while CO2 a     

Quantitative Analysis of Groundwater Flow near a Partially Penetrating River under Riverside Pumping

According to practical geological and hydrogeological conditions of riverside water-supply well fields in northwestern China, an ideal hydrogeological model has been generalized and a three-dimensional mathematical model has been set up. A finite difference method was applied to simulating groundwater flow near a partially penetrating river under riverside pumping, and to analyzing the effects of river width, partial penetration and permeability of riverbed sediments on groundwater recharges. Results show that riverside pumping may cause groundwater to flow beneath the partially penetrating river, and that river width, penetration and riverbed permeability obviously influence flows from the partially penetrating river and constant-head boundaries. However, the pumping output is mainly from the partially penetrating river.     

Degradation Kinetics of Petroleum Contaminants in Soil-Water Systems

On the basis of site investigation and sample collection of petroleum contaminants in the soil-water-crop system in the Shenyang-Fushun sewage irrigation area, the physical-chemical-biological compositions of the unsaturated zone is analyzed systematically in this paper. At the same time, the degradation kinetics of residual and aqueous oils is determined through biodegradation tests. The studies show that dominant microorganisms have been formed in the soils after long-term sewage irrigation. The microorganisms mainly include bacteria, and a few of fungus and actinomycetes. After a 110-days' biodegradation test, the degradation rate of residual oil is 9.74%-10.63%, while the degradation rate of aqueous oil reaches 62.43%. This indicates that the degradation rate of low-carbon aqueous oil     

杨柳坪岩浆Ni-Cu-PGE硫化物矿床PGE地球化学特征

杨柳坪岩浆Ni-Cu-PGE硫化物矿床与大石包组玄武岩的PGE原始地幔标准化配分模式为向左倾斜的PPGE富集型.PGE特征参数表明,正子岩窝岩(矿)体与大石包组玄武岩具有负Pt异常和Rh的富集的特征,这可能反映了岩浆早期Pt-Fe合金的析出以及未发生尖晶石相的结晶分离的演化历史.大石包组玄武岩的PGE参数与正子岩窝岩(矿)体的总体趋势具有很好的吻合性,暗示着两者之间具有一定的成生联系.     

Optimum Environmental Load Design Criterion for Marine Structures Based on Investment and Benefit Analysis

Marine structures operating in natural ocean environment are subjected to various stochasticloads.For design of the marine structures,the most important task is to determine environmental load de-sign criterion.This paper presents a method to determine the optimum environmental load design criteri-on for marine structures.This method is based on the investment and benefit analysis and it can reach thedesign purpose of decreasing total costs during the service life of the structures and increasing economicbenefits.     

A Whitecap Coverage Model Based on the Surface Slope For Criterion of Wave Breaking

Using the limit surface slope as a criterion of wave breaking,a simple model for estimatingthe spatial fraction of breaking surface of sea at an instant,which is regarded as the whitecap coverge inthis paper,is analytically derived from the probability density of surface slope based on Gaussianstatistics.The resulting fraction is found depending on the fourth moment of wave spectum,m_4,as well asthe critical threshold of surface slope.By expressing the fourth moment in terms of the Neumannspectrum,a formula linking the fraction and wind speed for fully developed sea states is obtianed.Anotherformula relating the fraction to both wind speed and fetch(or duration)is achieved by expressing m_4 interms of the Krylov spectrum and applying the empirical relationships used in the SMB ocean wave pre-dicting technique.A comparison between these results and the field data of whitecap coverage collected byMonahan and O＇Muircheartuigh shows an encouraging agreement.     

山东莒南后左山恐龙公园早白垩世恐龙足迹化石初步研究

山东省莒南县后左山恐龙公园内保存了数量众多、形态各异的恐龙足迹化石。该足迹化石群产于早白垩世大盛群田家楼组,主要是兽脚类、鸟脚类恐龙的足迹,尤以前者占优质。最大的一个为椭圆形,大小100cm×70cm,可能系鸟脚类恐龙的足迹。鸟脚类足迹大多为椭圆形,长轴一般30～40cm,常呈幻迹保存。最大的兽脚类足迹为三趾型,长49cm,宽35cm,是大型肉食龙类的足迹;最小的一个长8.5cm,宽4.5cm,可能是虚骨龙类的足迹。另外还发现了少量可能是驰龙的足迹,具有2个很长的趾(Ⅲ和Ⅳ趾),趾间角极小,二者几乎平行。鸟脚类恐龙足迹层位分布局限,但密度较大,产出的层面常发育泥裂、波痕,甚至冰晶痕,与泥岩、粉砂质泥岩等层位相关性较强。