南极冰盖中nssSO42-和NO3-传输路径初探

总结了南极冰盖中 nss SO4 2 - 和 NO3- 的主要来源 ,通过对南极冰盖中几种主要离子空间分布特征的分析 ,结合南极冰盖中不同区域火山活动记录的时间差 ,认为南极冰盖中的nss SO4 2 - 和 NO3- 很可能是通过远距离高空传输到极地冰雪中 ,具体过程为 :nss SO4 2 - 和 NO3-在对流层顶部平流层底部呈带状输送到极地上空 ,然后辐射下沉 ,再辐散到其他地区     

Advances in applied studies of fractal theory in geography in China

The fractal theory put forward by American mathematician B B Mandelbrot (1967) supplies an effective approach to solve complex problems. The complex problems in geography have become the main positive study field of fractal theory. Based on the works of China’s geographers and the summarization of contents of fractal theory, the authors comment on the present situation of its applications to almost every branch of geography and discuss the related problems and the prospects of fractal study in geography.     

The mass-balance characteristics and sensitivities to climate variables of Laohugou Glacier No. 12, western Qilian Mountains, China

Due to global warming, glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau(TP) are experiencing widespread shrinkage; however, the mechanisms controlling glacier variations across the TP are still rather unclear, especially on the northeastern TP. In this study, a physically based, distributed surface-energy and mass-balance model was used to simulate glacier mass balance forced by meteorological data. The model was applied to Laohugou No. 12 Glacier, western Qilian Mountains, China, during2010~2012. The simulated albedo and mass balance were validated and calibrated by in situ measurements. The simulated annual glacier-wide mass balances were-385 mm water equivalent(w.e.) in 2010/2011 and-232 mm w.e. in 2011/2012,respectively. The mean equilibrium-line altitude(ELA) was 5,015 m a.s.l., during 2010~2012, which ascended by 215 m compared to that in the 1970 s. The mean accumulation area ratio(AAR) was 39% during the two years. Climatic-sensitivity experiments indicated that the change of glacier mass balance resulting from a 1.5 °C increase in air temperature could be offset by a 30% increase in annual precipitation. The glacier mass balance varied linearly with precipitation, at a rate of130 mm w.e. per 10% change in total precipitation.     

Strong Tides in 1964 and 1982

The differential rotation between solid and fluid caused by tidal force can explain a 1500 to 1800-year cycle of the climate change. Strong tide increases the vertical and horizontal mixing of water in ocean by drawing the cold Pacific water from the depths to the surface (or by making the warm water flow from the West Pacific to the East as well as from the North to the South). It cools or warms the atmosphere above and makes La Nina or El Nino occur in the whole world. Astronomical data have shown that strong tide is often associated with El Nino events. Volcanic activities at submarine are also controlled by strong tide. Volcanic activities can also draw warm water from the depths to the surface in the Pacific and volcanic ash can keep out sunlight, which is the most important external forcing factor for El Nino. If volcanic ash reaches into the stratosphere, finer aerosols will spread throughout the globe during a few months and will float in it for one to three years to weaken the sun's direct radiation to the areas. It is one of the factors to postpone EI Nino just like the process of solar eclipse.     

Studies on the antitumor activity and isolation of the glycoprotein from the gonad ofChlamys (Azumapecten) farreri

After being degreased with acetone, the female gonad ofChlamys (Azumapecten) farreri was extracted with water, and then subjected to DEAE—cellulose column chromatography and purified by Sephadex G-100 chromatography to obtain a pure female gonad glycoprotein (FGGP). The IR spectra, electrophoresis and chemical analysis of FGGP indicated that it was a kind of acid glycoprotein and that the content of total protein and sugar were 54.8% and 40%, respectively. Pharmacological tests showed that FGGP could inhibit (inhibition rate of 40.87%) the growth of Sarcoma 180 of mice.     

区域持续发展的指标研究

本文在总结、概括已有指标的基础上,提出了区域人地相互作用潜力三维指标体系,通过这一潜力空间来综合测度区域持续发展水平,能力和前景。本文在总结,     

九江-瑞昌5.7级地震灾害损失快速评估(湖北)

2005年11月26日江西省九江县与瑞昌市之间发生的5.7级地震,其影响范围包括江西、湖北、湖南、安徽等省,震中烈度Ⅶ。地震导致湖北省境内死亡1人,181人受伤,其中重伤22人,并造成一些建筑物的破坏和损坏。震后根据国家标准《地震现场工作,第四部分:地震灾害直接损失评估》(GB/T18204.4-2005),结合震区实际情况作出了其直接经济损失的快速评估。     

红海湾水域营养水平的时空变化特点与评价

根据1997年8月～1998年11月的调查数据,本文分析和评价了红海湾4个不同水域营养水平的时空分布特点.红海湾水域E值的空间分布从北向南呈逐渐递减的趋势,即长沙湾滩涂养殖区＞长沙湾浅海养殖区＞自然水域、龟龄岛水域,其中长沙湾滩涂养殖区和长沙湾浅海养殖区有机污染十分明显,达高富营养化程度和富营养化程度,自然水域和龟龄岛水域则营养状况相似,基本上未受到明显的有机污染.E值的季节变化趋势为春季＞秋季＞夏季＞冬季,除冬季处于贫营养状况外,其余3个季节均达富营养化程度,其中以春季有机污染最为严重,达高富营养化程度.     

1960-2013年南北疆风速变化特征分析

利用较为均匀分布在新疆的45个气象站1960-2013年平均风速数据,通过气候趋势分析、气候突变分析、Morlet小波分析、Pearson相关分析等方法,研究近50 a来南北疆平均风速变化特征,结果表明：（1）1960-2013年南北疆地区年平均风速分别以0.15 m·s^-1·（10 a）^-1和0.14 m·s^-1·（10 a）-1的速率显著降低,1960-1990年南北疆年均风速分别以0.21 m·s^-1·（10 a）和0.18 m·s^-1·（10 a）^-1速率降低;1991-2013年北疆以0.01 m·s^-1·（10 a）^-1的速率下降,而南疆却以0.17 m·s^-1·（10 a）^-1的速率上升,各季节风速变化趋势与年序列相似。（2）四季中,南北疆的年递减率均是夏季最为显著,北疆是冬季变化不明显,而南疆其余各季节相差不大。（3）从空间分布上显示,北疆各站点总体较南疆明显,低海拔区递减幅度较大。（4）风速的长期变化具有一定的突变性,南北疆的平均风速均在1980年前后出现明显的突变点,从各季节平均风速来看,北疆春、夏、秋季突变出现的时间稍早于冬季,南疆春季突变出现的时间稍早于夏、秋和冬季。（5）Morlet小波分析结果显示,南北疆风速变化均存在4 a、8 a及15～20 a左右的变化周期,春夏秋冬各季节表现出强弱不一致,体现出季节性变化。（6）城市化发展对风速的变化产生了一定影响,但不是风速显著下降的主要原因,大气环流变化和气候变暖才是造成风速减小的可能原因。