胶东昆嵛山花岗岩的特征、成因及其与金矿的关系

昆嵛山花岗岩是牟平—乳山金矿成矿带的围岩，在其成因和定位时代上长期存在争议。本文对岩体地质和地球化学特征进行了系统研究，并就岩体成因及其与金矿的关系进行了讨论。作者认为，昆嵛山花岗岩是在中生代由岩浆缓慢冷凝结晶形成的大型复式岩基，并非交代成因。它由垛崮顶片麻状花岗闪长岩（１４７Ｍａ）、八门邹家斑状花岗闪长岩（１３５Ｍａ）、瓦善—水道弱片麻状二长花岗岩及五爪山片麻状含榴二长花岗岩（１２０Ｍａ）组成，成分具贫铝富碱的特点。岩浆来源于中下地壳中酸性变质火山岩系部分熔融形成的岩浆，其形成温度为６５０—７５０℃。岩体经历了韧性和脆性变形作用，不同方向的片麻状构造是岩浆结晶期韧性变形作用的结果。脆性变形形成的断裂和破碎带是本区主要的导矿和容矿构造。花岗岩定位、韧和脆性变形作用与金矿成矿作用有十分密切的关系     

青藏高原东北缘及其邻区的地壳结构与地震关系初探

用人工地震测深资料及天然地震反演结果给出了东经９６°～１０８°，北纬３２°～４０°范围内的莫霍面埋深图，并讨论了莫霍面轮廓与中强地震发生的关系。结果表明，中强地震多发生在地壳厚度急剧变化、陡变带拐弯处及中地壳顶部存在低速层的区域内     

The coda attenuation of the Yao''''an area in Yunnan Province

IntroductionThetravellingqualityfactorQofseismicwaveisoneofbasicphysicalparametersformeasuringthemediaattenuation(1/Q)intheearthandreflectionofinhomogeneityandinelasticityofthemedia,whichisusedinstudiesoffocalphysicsandengineeringearthquake.Qiscloselyrelatedtotheregionaltectonicactivityandseismicity.Thisfeaturehasbeenstudyingasoneoffactorsofearthquakeprediction(Chouet,1979;JinandAki,1986,1989).InYunnanregion,QIN(1992)andQIN,etal(1995)hadstudiedthefeaturesofregionalvariationofcodaQcandflu…     

大别山沙村中生代A型花岗岩和基性岩的源区演化关系

A型花岗岩的成因虽存在不同的认识模式,但对大别山沙村A型花岗岩的岩石化学和地球化学研究结果表明,其物质源自大陆岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,含有古老地壳信息。结合被侵入基性岩的地球化学和年代学资料,推测大别造山带中生代岩石圈地幔的地球化学性质与下扬子地幔相似。花岗岩中锆石SHRIMP法U-Pb年龄为119.0±3.2Ma,说明其岩浆侵位于早白垩世,与邻近的基性岩侵位时间相近但稍晚。在三叠纪因大陆俯冲碰撞增厚的岩石圈在早白垩世被拉张减薄,含有古老地壳成分的扬子陆下岩石圈地幔及其上覆下地壳发生部分熔融,形成了不同成分的碰撞后岩浆岩。其中部分基性岩浆分异结晶成为辉长岩,而A型花岗岩可能是同一地幔源区物质小比例部分熔融后分异结晶的产物。     

晚太古代Sanukite（赞岐岩）与地球早期演化

Shirey and Hanson(1984)将某些太古代的高镁闪长岩套称为sanukite(赞岐岩),类似于日本中新世(11～15Ma)Setouchi火山岩带的高镁安山岩。Sanukitoids由闪长岩-二长闪长岩-花岗闪长岩组成,不同于TTC岩套(奥长花岗岩-英云闪长岩-花岗闪长岩)。Sanukitoids具有下列地球化学特征:富Mg,Mg~#>0.60,Ni和Cr>100μg/g,Sr和Ba>500μg/g,LREE富集(大于球粒陨石100倍),无Eu异常。高镁安山岩在太古代很少见,而其相应的侵入岩高镁闪长岩或sanukitoids,虽然数量也很少,但却是各地晚太古代地体中随处可见的。Sanukitoids的原始岩浆是交代的地幔楔部分熔融形成的,随后可能经历了广泛的分离结晶作用。TTC和sanukitoids岩套可以相伴产出,二者均与板片熔融有关,TTG与其直接有关,sanukitoids可能与其间接有关。全球Sanukitoids主要集中在晚太古代时期,可能暗示板块的消减作用在～3.0Ga以后才起了重要的作用。     

非均质土坝稳定性的渗流场和应力场耦合分析

綦于多孔介质的渗流特性和土的非线性本构关系，研究了渗流场与应力场的耦合效应，并针对一实际十坝建立了非线性耦合分析模型，探讨了位于软基之上的非均质土坝的渗流与应力耦合规律。分析结果表明，在渗流作用下，坝休和坝基中渗流与应力的相互作用是不应忽视的，其作用结果将会使土坝、特别足防渗心端附近应力水平和渗透坡降均有不同程度的提高，表明考虑渗流场和应力场耦合作用的计算结果对土坝稳定安全性不利。     

淮河息县站流量概率预报模型研究

应用美国天气局采用的由Roman Krzysztofowicz开发的贝叶斯统计理论建立概率水文预报理论框架，即以分布函数形式定量地描述水文预报不确定度，研究了淮河息县站流量概率预报模型。理论和经验表明，概率预报至少与确定性预报一样有价值，特别当预报不确定度较大时，概率预报比现行确定性预报具有更高的经济价值。     

利用VB编程完成基点网联测中的各项计算

整套重力计算程序包括了除“地改”以外的所有项目的计算，在这篇文章中我们先仅介绍了“测区参数初始化”及“基点网联测”(采用三程小循环方式)的计算方法。“测区参数初始化”功能可生成gdw．csh初始化文件(该套程序的各项功能都要读取该文件中的相关参量)；“基点网联测”功能可计算基点网联测的各项精度，对联测进行平差，求出各分基点绝对重力值。     

Accurate U-Pb Age and Trace Element Determinations of Zircon by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

Various zircons of Proterozoic to Oligocene ages (1060-31 Ma) were analysed by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Calibration was performed using Harvard reference zircon 91500 or Australian National University reference zircon TEMORA 1 as external calibrant. The results agree with those obtained by SIMS within 2s error. Twenty-four trace and rare earth elements (P, Ti, Cr, Y, Nb, fourteen REE, Hf, Ta, Pb, Th and U) were analysed on four fragments of zircon 91500. NIST SRM 610 was used as the reference material and ²⁹Si was used as internal calibrant. Based on determinations of four fragments, this zircon shows significant intra-and inter-fragment variations in the range from 10% to 85% on a scale of 120 μm, with the variation of REE concentrations up to 38.7%, although the chondrite-normalised REE distributions are very similar. In contrast, the determined age values for zircon 91500 agree with TIMS data and are homogeneous within 8.7 Ma (2 s ). A two-stage ablation strategy was developed for optimising U-Pb age determinations with satisfactory trace element and REE results. The first cycle of ablation was used to collect data for age determination only, which was followed by continuous ablation on the same spot to determine REE and trace element concentrations. Based on this procedure, it was possible to measure zircon ages as low as 30.37 0.39 Ma (MSWD = 1.4; 2 s ). Other examples for older zircons are also given.     

Impact of habitat heterogeneity on plant community pattern in Gurbantunggut Desert

1IntroductionStudy on the interrelationship between vegetation patterns and their habitat heterogeneity is important to recover and rehabilitate the desert vegetation, stabilize the desert ecosystem and prevent desert expansion. Domestic and foreign researchers have carried out many studies on this topic (Archer etal., 2002; Bolling etal., 2000; Chen etal., 2003; Dasti etal., 1994; Gu etal., 2002, Li etal., 2001; Li etal., 2001; Liang etal., 2003), which have used and refined statistic tech…