坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)化学成分的研究

利用硅胶色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱、HPLC等技术,从坛紫菜(Porphyra haitanensis)乙醇提取物首次分离纯化得到了7个化合物,通过质谱(MS)及核磁共振波谱(1H NMR、13C NMR)等现代波谱技术鉴定为：1,8-二羟基-9,10-蒽醌(1)、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(2)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(3)、β-谷甾醇(4)、鲨肝醇(5)、(E)-N-2(1,3-二羟基-4-十八烯基)-十六酰胺(6)、胆甾醇(7)。其中,化合物1对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphyloccocus aureus)的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为80μg/mL。     

潮流对老虎石海滩养护工程响应的数值预测

为研究老虎石海滩养护工程对老虎石浴场及周围岬湾的水动力环境的影响,利用MIKE 21建立工程区海域二维潮流数学模型,通过实测流速、流向对模型进行验证,将验证后模型参数运用到工程设计方案下潮流场的模拟,比较分析工程前后水动力环境的变化。潮流场比较结果表明,修建潜坝会使得工程及其附近的潮流场发生小幅变化,但对该海域整体的潮流动力环境影响甚微。工程后老虎石海域的潮流动力仍然很弱,对保存海滩上人工养护的泥沙是非常有利的。     

人工砾石海滩变化及输移率研究

在我国采用砾石海滩在某些强动力区域进行海滩养护是一种新的尝试,具有很好的适用性。以厦门天泉湾人工砾石滩为研究对象,对2015年至2016年间10条海滩剖面开展了5次周期性监测,通过综合分析,得出在人工砾石滩竣工完成后的一年时间内,滩肩外沿线、岸线及滩面底角的砂砾分界线大幅度后退,滩肩宽度变窄;滩肩外沿线明显隆起,形成滩肩脊线;滩面坡度变大,且上游侧海滩的滩面普遍比下游侧海滩的滩面陡,一年后,岸滩整体变化趋于稳定。针对砾石滩不断向西南方向运移的现状,采用Leo C.van Rijn输移率公式计算砾石滩年平均输移率,并通过测量断面法、体积变化量法对Leo C.van Rijn公式计算结果进行验证,得出砾石滩年平均输移率的范围约为1 015.66~2 392.5 m~3/a。     

船载海水温度观测研究

通过研究国家相关海洋观测标准对海水温度观测的规约,结合当前船载水温观测的现状,提出了基于总线的船载磁吸附温度链式观测方法,并对其在结构设计、理论模型、算法等多方面进行了阐述.通过多个竖直分布的温度传感器实时观测,采用自适应参数化算法,有效减少了风浪、海流、热辐射等方面的影响,具有观测层深相对固定、精度高等特点,可实现船...     

贝类净化技术研究现状与展望

随着养殖水域环境问题日益凸显,贝类食品安全问题越来越受到重视,贝类在进入流通环节前进行净化将成为不可缺少的处理环节。本文从贝类净化工艺类型、净化用水处理技术,以及贝类净化对风味的影响等方面对当前国内外研究进展进行了总结梳理,并提出下一步贝类净化应重点解决的问题,为深入开展贝类净化相关研究提供参考。     

预修正快速傅里叶变换方法在波浪绕射和辐射问题中应用

在波浪对海上建筑物绕射和辐射问题的计算中,面元法被广泛使用,但由于传统面元法的存储量和计算量均为未知量的平方量级,很难满足大范围多未知量问题的计算需要。采用预修正快速傅里叶变换方法(pFFT方法),使计算量与存储量都降低到未知量的线性量级。以淹没圆球与漂浮圆柱两个典型算例为基础,通过不同未知量时pFFT方法与传统面元法的计算量与存储量的对比,以及pFFT方法自身各步骤计算时间的对比,研究了不同网格方案的选取对pFFT方法计算量和存储量的影响,推荐根据未知量个数采用计算时间最小化原则选取pFFT网格参数。     

Prediction of streamwise flow-induced vibration of a circular cylinder in the first instability range

The streamwise flow-induced vibration of a circular cylinder with symmetric vortex shedding in the first instability range is investigated, and a wake oscillator model for the dynamic response prediction is proposed. An approach is applied to calibrate the empirical parameters in the present model; the numerical and experimental results are compared to validate the proposed model. It can be found that the present prediction model is accurate and sufficiently simple to be easily applied in practice.     

凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)Runt转录因子的基因克隆及其功能分析

Runt结构域转录因子家族(Runx)在哺乳动物体内存在三种基因型,分别起着造血,骨生成和控制上皮细胞增殖的作用。本文应用反转录和c DNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术,首次在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)中克隆并测序了一种Runt(lvrunt)基因全长。lvrunt c DNA全长1754bp,含有1个663bp长的开放阅读框,编码221个氨基酸,理论分子量为23.6k Da,具有Runt-family结构域。对凡纳滨对虾鳃、肠、肝胰腺、类淋巴、心脏、肌肉组织和血淋巴lvrunt的转录特征进行分析,结果显示该基因几乎特异性地在血淋巴细胞中表达,而在其他组织中表达较低。肌肉注射重组造血激素蛋白(r AST)或白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)粗提液均可显著提高lvrunt在凡纳滨对虾体内的转录表达。上述结果提示,lvrunt主要在血细胞发挥作用,可能作为造血激素的下游基因起到调节血细胞增殖和分化的作用,并在受到病毒感染后,参与提升血细胞数量或者促进血细胞分化的过程。     

Succession of the Nanoplankton Community during a Brown Tide in a Scallop Culture Area in China

Ocean Science Journal - Brown tides caused by Aureococcus anophagefferens have occurred frequently in the coastal waters of Qinhuangdao since 2009. The Changli coast is the area most strongly...     

Genetic parameter estimation for juvenile growth and upper thermal tolerance in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus)

Twenty-six half-sib groups(53 full-sib families) of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus Linnaeus, were obtained by artificial insemination. We measured growth in the offspring(40–50 individuals/family) and subjected them to a thermal tolerance challenge over a period of 34 d. There was no significant difference in daily mortality(range: 0.580%–1.391%) between Days 1–13 during the thermal tolerance challenge. However, daily cumulative mortality increased rapidly between Days 14 and 29, especially on Days 15 and 16(20.232% and 34.377%, respectively). Mortality was highest on Day 16(14.145%). We estimated the genetic parameters using the average information restricted maximum likelihood method. We used a likelihood ratio test to evaluate the significance of effects in models with and without identity as an effect, and compared the final log-likelihoods(maximum log L). Lastly, we estimated phenotypic and genetic correlation between the upper thermal tolerance limit(UTT) and body weight(BW). In this study, the positive phenotypic correlation was low between UTT and BW(0.093±0.029). The genetic correlation between UTT and BW was negative(-0.044±0.239). The heritability for upper thermal tolerance was low(0.087±0.032), which is of approximately moderate heritability. The heritability for body weight was high(0.303±0.074). Our results suggest there is significant potential for improvement in the culture of turbot by selective breeding.