网络信息技术在贺州市气象综合业务平台建设中的应用

运用SQLServer2000数据库、TCP、FTP、CTI、Java、XML、JavaScrip、GIS、WEBGIS等各种技术,将实况监测显示、上级指导产品查阅、预报预测产品及城镇预报制作上传、预警信息及气象服务材料制作发送、气象服务效益评估、灾情收集上报、业务管理等基本业务集成到一个综合的业务平台上实现,业务平台...     

高层建筑结构的抗震可靠度分析与优化设计

本文根据我们在文献２中给出的等效随机地震静力作用模型，紧密结合规范和利用我们在文献６中提出的结构体系可靠度分析的最弱失效模式法，提出了结构构件和体系“小震不坏”和“大震不倒”及结构体系在设计基准期内的抗震可靠度分析方法；重新校准了结构构件的目标可靠度指标；综合考虑结构造价和损失期望，提出了结构体系抗震目标可靠度的优化决策方法；分别给出了满足构件抗震目标可靠指标与同时满足构件和体系抗震目标可靠指标的     

辽河东部凹陷火山岩相测井响应特征及储集意义

在郯庐断裂多期构造活动作用下,辽河坳陷东部凹陷发生了多期火山活动,致使中基性火山岩广泛发育,以玄武岩和粗面岩为主,可分为5相14亚相。以常规测井曲线特征为基础,结合电成像的分析,识别出了爆发相（火山碎屑流和热基浪亚相）、溢流相（玻质碎屑岩、板状熔岩流和复合熔岩流亚相）、侵出相（内带、中带和外带亚相）和火山沉积相（含外碎屑和再搬运火山碎屑沉积亚相）10种岩相/亚相：火山碎屑流亚相具"焊接"特征,热基浪亚相具层理特征;玻质碎屑岩亚相具高CNL的特征,板状熔岩流亚相DEN、CNL和AC测井曲线显示微齿平滑的特征,而复合熔岩流亚相测井曲线呈指状叠加的特征;侵出相内带→中带→外带电阻率逐渐减小;含外碎屑和再搬运火山碎屑沉积亚相GR值范围不同,并且再搬运火山碎屑沉积亚相具水平层理特征。火山岩相控制原生储集空间的类型,并作用于后期的次生改造,从而影响储层的物性、储集性和有效性。复合熔岩流亚相储层孔隙发育,物性好,但由于内部纵向上结构不一致,非均质性强,因而储层含油性差。火山碎屑流亚相内部在纵向上岩性及结构相对一致,因而储层物性相对均一、分布集中,为有利的火山岩储层,可以作为东部凹陷进一步勘探开发的有利相带。     

Ammonium adsorption by tidal flat surface sediments from the Yangtze Estuary

Ammonium adsorption by sediments plays an important role in the cycle of nitrogen in the estuarine tidal flat ecosystem. Ammonium adsorption on tidal flat sediments from the Yangtze estuary was studied using the simulation experiment. The findings indicated that there was linear adsorption by the tidal flat sediments for the lower ammonium concentration (<10 mM) in the overlying waters. The adsorption coefficient of ammonium in the study area ranged from 3.81 to 9.00, and had a significant positive correlation with total organic carbon (r = 0.779, = 0.02284 , n=8), reflecting that organic matter might be one of the main factors controlling the behavior of ammonium adsorption. It also showed that salinity had a pronounced effect on ammonium adsorption, and that salinity affected the distribution of ammonium between the sediments and waters. The amount of ammonium adsorption on sediments gradually decreased with the increasing salinity. Especially within the range of lower salinity, just a little change of salinity had a dramatic influence on ammonium adsorption by sediments.     

The calculation of hydrocarbon-generating temperature — Theory and practice

How to quantitatively evaluate the maturity of crude oils is still an open question. Mango discovered a remarkable compositional invariance of four isoheptane ratios in crude oils, and proposed a steady-state catalytic model for the origin of light hydrocarbons. According to this model, 2,4/2,3 dimethylpentane ratio is a pure temperature parameter. Bement, Mango et al. established the functional equation between the two parameters--light hydrocarbon temperature and burial temperature and applied it to the calculation of hydrocarbon-generating temperature, which provided a new choice for the study of oil maturity. In this paper, the Mango＇s parameters for hydrocarbons from the Tazhong area were calculated, the average K1 value is 1.06, which is in good consistency with the Mango＇s proposal that the K1 value is relatively stable. Calculated with the functional formula of hydrocarbon-generating temperature, the hydrocarbon-generating temperatures are with the range of 120-129℃, and the converted vitrinite reflectance （Ro） varies from 0.88% to 0.90%. This is well consistent with the maturity characteristics of neohopanes. The results have verified the reliability of this method.     

Investigations on the extraction of molybdenum and vanadium from ammonia leaching residue of spent catalyst

Extraction of molybdenum and vanadium from ammonia leaching residue (main chemical composition: 2.05% Mo, 0.42% V, 65.6% Al₂O₃ and 10.7% SiO₂) of spent catalyst was investigated by roasting the residue with soda carbonate, followed by hydrometallurgical treatment of the roasted products. In the roasting process, over 91.3% of molybdenum and 90.1% of vanadium could be extracted when a charge containing a sodium carbonate to spent catalyst ratio of 0.15 was roasted at 750 °C for 45 min and the roasted mass was leached with water (liquid to solid ratio of 2) at 80–90 °C for 15 min. After the purification of leach liquor, an extraction solvent consisting of 20 vol.% trialkylamine (N₂₃₅, commercialized in China) and 10 vol.% secondary octyl alcohol (phase modifier) dissolved in sulfonated kerosene was used to extract molybdenum and vanadium in leach liquor. 10 wt.% ammonia water was used as stripping agent. Adding 30 g/l NH₄NO₃ to the stripping solution and adjusting the pH to 7–8.5, over 99% of vanadium can be crystallized as ammonium metavanadate. Over 98% of molybdenum can be crystallized as ammonium polymolybdate when pH is between 1.5 and 2.5 (pH is adjusted by HNO₃). Ammonium metavanadate and ammonium polymolybdate were calcinated at 500–550 °C, the purity of MoO₃ and V₂O₅ was 99.08% and 98.06% respectively. In the whole process, 88.2% of molybdenum and 87.1% of vanadium could be achieved. The proposed roasting, leaching and separation steps give a feasible alternative for the processing of ammonia leaching residue of spent catalyst and can be applied in the comprehensive utilization of low grade molybdenum ores.     

岩溶管道结构影响泉流量变化的数值模拟研究

采用MODFLOW-CFP建立管道流数值模型,模拟岩溶含水系统在暴雨期的响应过程,以泉口流量峰值作为因变量,分别对控制管道结构的4个参数以及落水洞集中补给比例进行调整,研究管道结构如何控制泉流量变化过程。结果表明:管道直径、管壁渗透系数和落水洞补给比例对泉口流量峰值均表现为正相关,其中管壁渗透系数影响最大;管道弯曲度值较小时其增大促进出口流量峰值变大,当径流途径变长引起的流量减小幅度超过管壁面积变大引起的流量增大幅度时,流量峰值逐渐变小;管壁粗糙度在达到两个相对应的雷诺数临界值时水流状态发生突变,导致流量峰值也表现为两次突变。      

塔里木盆地柯克亚地区天然气和凝析油的地球化学特征与成因

柯克亚气田的油气成因复杂,对原油和可能烃源岩的分子标志物特征进行了剖析,在凝析油中检测到3-甲基甾烷,不含4-甲基甾烷,富含重排藿烷和C30-未知萜烷,表明油源主要来自于二叠系源岩。柯克亚的天然气重烃含量高,属湿气,乙烷碳同位素偏重;天然气氩同位素和成熟度特征均指示混源气特征,通过气源判识天然气主要来源于石炭系—二叠系源岩,部分来源于侏罗系源岩。天然气的乙烷δ13C值明显重于凝析油全油δ13C值,揭示柯克亚地区凝析油和天然气分属不同来源。     

2016年6月哈尔滨地区降水异常特征分析

2016年6月哈尔滨地区降水出现异常,比历年同期多一倍,全市月平均降水量为1961年以来同期第1位。本文利用地面月降水量资料及NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对哈尔滨地区2016年6月降水异常特征、成因及30年来该地区6月降水量变化趋势进行了分析。结果表明：(1)鄂霍茨克海以西位置的阻塞高压的出现和发展是造成哈尔滨地区降水异常偏多的主要原因。(2)中高纬度和副热带高压之间的水汽输送的环流配置特征起到了关键的作用,为该地区降水异常偏多提供了有利水汽条件。(3)850hPa风场存在风向和风速的强辐合区,该动力结构特征更有利于产生强降水。(4)30年来哈尔滨地区6月降水量总体呈缓慢上升趋势,13个区、县(市)除了通河和依兰逐年减少外,其它区、县(市)逐年增加。     

黄土高原记录的MIS 6.5期东亚夏季风信号及其古气候意义

深海氧同位素(MIS)6.5期是古气候演化的一个特殊时期。其太阳辐射强度显著高于全新世, 但当时冰量较大, 全球气候整体处于冰期环境; 此现象支持全球气候变化主要受控于全球冰量。然而, 来自中国石笋氧同位素异常偏负, 指示东亚季风区湿润程度已达间冰期水平, 支持东亚夏季风直接受太阳辐射所驱动。为理解以上冲突, 本研究选取黄土高原沉积序列为研究对象, 考察东亚夏季风是否可能在MIS 6.5期发生扩展, 理解东亚季风区对太阳辐射的响应关系。研究结果发现:MIS 6.5期黄土高原水分条件与MIS 3期类似, 显著低于典型间冰期气候。MIS 6.5期与典型间冰期之间降水量的差别, 由季风边界区向核心区呈现逐渐降低的趋势。东亚夏季风演化与太阳辐射变化并不完全一致。黄土高原西北部沉积序列记录的东亚夏季风演化包含有强烈的岁差周期和100ka周期, 可能受全球冰量和低纬地区太阳辐射的共同影响。