Role of finite ion temperature in the generation of field swelling instability

Field swelling instability is one of the most important instabilities in plasmas in which electrons are hotter than ions. In contrast to diamagnetic (mirror) instability belonging to the branch of slow magnetosonic waves, field swelling instability corresponds to the branch of fast magnetosonic waves. The theory of this instability was developed by (Basu and Coppi, 1982, 1984) in the early 1980s in the idealized zero ion temperature limit in the context of the magnetohydrodynamic model. To make the model more realistic, it is necessary to complete it with finite ion temperature effects. In addition, we consider the field swelling theory in the context of a more instructive quasihydrodynamic approach which showed a good performance on examination of the mirror instability. Here, it appears to be necessary to use only the transverse plasma pressure balance condition and Liouville theorem for calculating the transverse pressure variation. This consideration is simpler and clearer and makes it possible to understand in more detail the physical nature of the instability and to prepare the necessary basis for interpreting observational data.     

Nonlinear Drift–Alfvén Waves in Relativistically Hot Multicomponent Plasmas and Their Relevance to the Fine Structure of Pulsar Radioemissions

A set of equations which governs the nonlinear dynamics of drift–Alfvén waves in an inhomogeneous relativistic electron-positron plasma with a small admixture of heavy ions is derived. It is shown that these equations admit a stationary solution in the form of a two-scale dipolar vortex. The conditions for the existence of such structures are discussed. It is shown that the presence of heavy ions in are lativistic electron-positron plasma significantly reinforces the spatial localization of the solitary waves which results in the appearance of exponentially localized vortex structures. It is also shown that the small scale micropulse structure of radio pulsar radiation (e.g., in the case of the pulsar PSR 0905+08) can be interpreted as a signature of the vortex structure in the outer region of the pulsar polar magnetosphere. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Diffuse ion instability upstream terrestrial bow shock

Doklady Earth Sciences -     

Mineral Phases of the Pd–Bi–Se System in the Ores at the Chudnoe Au–Pd Deposit (Subpolar Urals,Russia)

Doklady Earth Sciences - In the Pd–Bi–Se system, the only known mineral containing all three elements is padmaite PdBiSe. Three compounds with different element ratios have been found...