福建顺昌ML4.7级地震建筑物震害分析

介绍了福建顺昌4.7级地震震区建筑物震害的调查结果,归纳了建筑物震害的特征,并对各类建筑物的破坏原因进行了分析。在此基础上,提出灾区重建抗震措施。     

An Innovative Bias-Correction Approach to CMA-GD Hourly QuantitativePrecipitation Forecasts

This paper proposes a simple and powerful optimal integration (OPI) method for improving hourly quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs, 0-24 h) of a single-model by integrating the benefits of different bias- corrected methods using the high-resolution CMA-GD model from the Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration (CMA). Three techniques are used to generate multi-method calibrated members for OPI: deep neural network (DNN), frequency-matching (FM), and optimal threat score (OTS). The results are as follows: (1) The QPF using DNN follows the basic physical patterns of CMA-GD. Despite providing superior improvements for clear-rainy and weak precipitation, DNN cannot improve the predictions for severe precipitation, while OTS can significantly strengthen these predictions. As a result, DNN and OTS are the optimal members to be incorporated into OPI. (2) Our new approach achieves state-of-the-art performances on a single model for all magnitudes of precipitation. Compared with the CMA-GD, OPI improves the TS by 2.5%, 5.4%, 7.8%, 8.3%, and 6.1% for QPFs from clear-rainy to rainstorms in the verification dataset. Moreover, OPI shows good stability in the test dataset. (3) It is also noted that the rainstorm pattern of OPI relies heavily on the original model and that OPI cannot correct for deviations in the location of severe precipitation. Therefore, improvements in predicting severe precipitation using this method should be further realized by improving the numerical model’s forecasting capability.     

深吃水多立柱平台稳性与水动力分析

在深水平台的设计与分析中,调整某一结构参数提高某一性能的同时,常常受到其他功能或性能上的约束,因此引起了平台各项功能及性能之间的相互竞争。以一种创新的深吃水多立柱平台(Deep Draft Multi-Spar)为目标,探讨平台结构特征参数如立柱直径、立柱高度、立柱间距和压载舱位置与平台稳定性能、水动力及运动性能、结构要求和功能要求之间的关系。水动力分析和响应计算结果显示,随着DDMS平台吃水深度的降低,垂荡、纵摇和纵荡RAOs均逐渐增大,运动性能降低,并与典型的Spar和半潜平台的RAOs进行了比较。     

Cassini图像中受散射光影响的7颗土星近环内卫星的天体测量

卡西尼号探测器携带了光学成像科学子系统(ISS: Imaging Science Subsystem), 在2004--2017年间拍摄了一些土星内卫星的图像. 部分图像中土星内卫星非常靠近土星环, 观测对象受土星环散射光影响导致测量精度差, 甚至无法测量. 由此提出一种适用于这类图像的背景消除算法, 可对受土星光环散射光影响的土星内卫星进行测量. 归算了7颗近环内卫星(土卫十(Janus)、土卫十一(Epimetheus)、土卫十五(Atlas)、土卫十六(Prometheus)、土卫十七(Pandora)、土卫三十二(Methone)和土卫四十九(Anthe))的70张ISS图像, 并与不消除散射光的方法进行了比较. 结果显示, 该方法至少可以提高43%的精度. 和喷气推进实验室的土星卫星历表\lk SAT415相比, 测量得到的赤经和赤纬方向的残差均值分别为0.72km和2.26km, 标准差分别为10.99km和11.36km.     

区域旅游发展中的行政冲突及调控机制——以张家界为例

在问卷调查与实地访谈的基础上,通过定性与定量相结合的分析方法,剖析张家界因旅游开发而单独立市以来在旅游产业和城市经济发展中所取得的成就,同时也揭示了张家界市各县级行政区之间旅游产业分化发展,功能性、结构性重复建设,企业之间恶性削价竞争以及相互打压市场形象等问题与矛盾.据此提出市域旅游经济空间矛盾调控的切入点,主要包括:...     

光生物反应器中光衰减特征与螺旋藻生长动力学研究

分析了光照强度在光生物反应器中的分布特征，结果表明，当光波长及光传播的路径确定时，光生物反应器中光衰减特征主要受培养物生物量浓度的影响，由回归的模型对实验数据的拟合可分析光衰减特征与培养物生物量浓度的相关性，为光生物反应器中平均光照强度的确定奠定基础。在光生物反应器中，当营养底物和环境温度不是螺旋藻生长限制因子时，通过平均光照强度对螺旋藻比生长速率的影响分析，结果表明，在实验条件下，螺旋藻比生长速率与平均光照强度的动力学模型可用Aiba光生长抑制方程描述，光亲和系数Ks为238.29umol/(m^2.s)，光抑制系数Ki为0．00493s.m^2/umol，光生物反应器中螺旋藻生长的饱和光照强度出现在190－272umol/(m^2.s)的范围内。     

华南寒武纪早期刺胞动物演化框架

刺胞动物是华南寒武纪早期海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,针对这类化石的研究有助于深入了解寒武纪多幕式爆发事件。本文主要根据寒武纪早期扬子板块陕南宽川铺生物群、湖北岩家河生物群以及澄江生物群产出的刺胞动物,探讨刺胞动物在寒武纪早期的演化框架,取得了以下初步认识。截至目前,所发现的寒武纪早期刺胞动物绝大多数都属于水母超纲,珊瑚纲的化石记录在寒武系幸运阶、第二阶保存较为罕见。其中寒武系幸运阶刺胞动物的化石记录全部属于底栖类型,体型小,且具有多种类型的身体辐射对称形式,绝大多数类型可以确定属于直接发育。第二阶刺胞动物仍以底栖固着类型为主,体形增大,仅见两、四辐射对称形式;而寒武系第三阶刺胞动物仍有底栖固着类型,但游泳的水母开始出现,体型增大明显,代表水母冠群的出现,以及世代交替的复杂生命周期的正式建立。从幸运阶到第三阶刺胞动物体型明显增大,可能与海水氧气含量增加有关。在寒武纪大爆发的背景下,刺胞动物的分异度和丰度在寒武系幸运阶就已经达到顶峰,然后在第二阶、第三阶开始衰减,这种变化可能与两侧对称动物辐射演化有关。华南刺胞动物的化石记录表明,寒武纪大爆发并非纯粹的一幕式爆发,其中充斥着一系列生物群的替代甚至灭绝事件。     

钻井中首波的共振与衰减

本文从P波首波的严格割线积分出发,首次给出了揭示其共振与衰减特性的渐近展开式,通过数值计算,对这些公式进行了检验,证明它们与严格解符合的相当好.解析的和数值结果一致表明:首波具有共振特性,频谱是连续的;振幅随源距z按1/z规律衰减;各共振峰幅度随岩石泊松比v的增大按[v/（1-v）]2规律增大.时域计算表明,所谓“滤波效应”正是首波共振激发特性的反映,传播过程中不频散.     

Mineral provinces and matter provenance of the surficial sediments in the western Philippine Sea: implication for modern sedimentation in West Pacific marginal basin

The characteristics and distribution patterns of detrital minerals (0.063~0.125 mm) in marine sediments provide a significant indicator for the identification of the origin of sediment.The detrital mineral composition of 219 surface sediment samples was analysed to identify the distribution of sediments within the western Philippine Sea. The area can be divided into three mineral provinces: (I) province east of the Philippine Trench, the detrital minerals in this province are mainly composed of calcareous or siliceous organisms, with the addition of volcanogenic minerals from an adjacent island arc; (II) middle mineral province, clastic minerals including feldspar, quartz and colorless volcanic glass, sourced from seamounts with intermediate-acid volcanic rock, or erupting intermediate-acid volcano; (III) province west of the Palau—Kyūshū Ridge, the matter provenance within this province is complex; the small quantity of feldspar and quartz may be sourced from seamounts or erupting volcano with intermediate-acid composition, with a component of volcanic scoria sourced from a volcano erupting on the Palau—Kyūshū Ridge. it is suggested that, (1) Biogenic debris of the study area is closely related to water depth, with the amount of biogenic debris controlled by carbonate lysocline. (2) Volcaniclastic matter derived from the adjacent island arc can be entrained by oceanic currents and transported towards the abyssal basin over a short distance. The weathering products of volcanic rocks of the submarine plateau (e.g.,Benham Plateau) and adjacent ridges provide an important source of detrital sedimentation, and the influence scope of them is constrained by the intensity of submarine weathering. (3) Terrigenous sediments from the continent of Asia and the adjacent Philippine island arc have little influence on the sedimentation of this study area, and the felsic mineral component is probably sourced from volcanic seamounts of intermediate-acid composition.     

基于C/S网络结构模式开发公路地理信息管理系统有关技术的探讨

随着信息技术的飞速发展和计算机网络的普遍使用.传统的公路管理与其他产业一样正面临着一场革命.信息技术在公路管理中正发挥着越来越大的作用.如何开发一个适用于公路部门的地理信息管理系统是值得研究的问题.本文针对基于C/S网络结构模式开发公路地理信息管理系统的有关技术问题进行有益的探讨.