钻孔千斤顶压裂测量技术的发展和原地测量

为了测量距地表1 000 m以下位置的地壳应力状态,我们研究并开发了钻孔千斤顶压裂技术.技术的原理是:当钻孔千斤顶对钻孔壁加载时,与钻孔轴向平行的方向将会产生两个相对的新裂隙;卸载之后,如果千斤顶对钻孔壁的同一个地方进行施压,这对裂隙将会再次张开.与钻孔轴向垂直的平面上的两个主应力的大小和方向分别是由重张压力和裂隙的方...     

Combined U-Pb SHRIMP and Hf isotope Complex, Rio Negro Province, Argentina： of the Patagonia composite terrane study of the Late Paleozoic Yaminué Implications for the origin and evolution

We have carried out zircon U-Pb SHRIMP dating and Hf isotope determinations on a biotite paraschist and on a tonalitic orthogneiss of the Yaminue Complex,and re-evaluate this complex in the broader context of the tectonic evolution of the Patagonia composite terrane.In the metasedimentary unit （msuYC）,the youngest detrital zircon dated at 318±5 Ma（Mississippian/Pennsylvanian boundary） indicates a Pennsylvanian（or younger） depositional age.The three main age populations peak at 474,454 and 374 Ma.Preliminary Hf isotope data for two detrital zircons（447 and 655 Ma） yieldedε（Hf） values of -0.32 and 0.48,indicating that their primary sources contained small amounts of recycled crustal components(of Calymmian age;T_DM 1.56 Ga).Zircons from the orthogneiss（miuYC;intrusive into msuYC） show a crystallization age of 261.3±2.7 Ma（Capitanian;late middle Permian） which is broadly coeval with deformation,and Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic inheritance.Meaningful core-rim relationship between Neoarchean zircon cores and late Permian rims is well defined,indicating the occurrence of Archean crust in this sector of Patagonia.Hf T_DM of Permian zircons is mainly Meso-Paleoarchean（2.97-3.35 Ga）,with highly negativeε（Hf） values（ca.-33）.Hf T_DM of inherited Neoarchean zircon cores is also Meso-Paleoarchean（3.14-3.45 Ga） but more juvenile（ε（Hf） = -0.3）.Hf isotopes reinforce the presence of unexposed ancient crust in this area. Combining geological and isotope data,as well as geophysical models,we identify the Yaminue Complex within the La Esperanza-Yaminue crustal block flanked by two other,distinct crustal blocks:the Eastern block which forms part of the Patagonia terrane sensu stricto,located in the eastern Patagonian region,and the Western block forming part of the Southern Patagonia terrane.Their origins and timing of amalgamation to form the Patagonia composite terrane are also discussed.     

天山哈密榆树沟流域春洪期水化学特征及其控制因素研究

2013年4月26日-5月2日,逐日采集哈密榆树沟流域下游榆树沟水文站点的河水样。综合运用描述性统计、相关性分析、Gibbs图、阴阳离子三角图示法,对主要的化学离子、pH值、电导率EC、总可溶性固体TDS进行了分析。结果表明:榆树沟流域春洪期径流水体呈弱碱性;HCO3-、Ca2+是阴、阳离子中最主要的离子,Ca2+质量浓度占阳离子总数的74.31%,HCO3-质量浓度占阴离子总数的82.07%;水化学类型为HCO3--Ca2+;径流中主要离子组成、TDS、EC、pH值受即时径流量的调节作用不大,岩石的风化作用是水化学主要离子来源的主要控制因素,其中主要来源于石灰岩等碳酸盐岩的风化。     

资源三号测绘卫星长条带产品区域网平差

资源三号测绘卫星除了提供无畸变的标准景产品以外,还提供将近600km的长条带产品。该产品和标准景产品类似,生产过程中引入的投影差误差和交会误差可以忽略不计,有理多项式模型作为长条带产品的成像几何模型发布给用户。基于像方的仿射变换平差模型可以消除长条带影像中的轨道、姿态误差,达到子像素级定向精度。在周边布设控制点,资源三号测绘卫星三线阵长条带产品的平差平面精度约为2.5m,高程精度约为1.6m,达到单个标准景的平差精度。     

地震数据的稀疏高斯束分解方法

本文研究了地震数据的稀疏分解问题.提出了一种用高斯束稀疏分解表示地震数据的方法.这是一个拟0范数约束优化问题.在求解拟0范数极小化问题的过程中,通过扫描同相轴的方法实现高斯束稀疏分解,数值实现上提出了使用一种快速单调下降的梯度优化方法.本文提出的稀疏优化方法同时具有去噪的功能,数据模拟试验表明了本方法的可行性和可靠性.     

中国天山冰川区降水、积雪pH和电导率季节变化特征分析

根据乌鲁木齐河源区2003-2004年度的大气降水样品、1号冰川一个完整年周期的连续雪坑样品及哈密庙儿沟平顶冰川和奎屯51号冰川雪坑样品的pH和电导率资料,系统探讨大气降水、表层雪、雪坑样品中pH和电导率的季节变化特征和沉积过程中pH和电导率的变化特点,以及不同冰川区雪坑中pH值和电导率的空间差异。结果表明:大气降水及表层雪中pH和电导率有着相似的季节变化趋势,主要受冰川所在区域大气中可溶性离子浓度和沉积后过程的影响;对1号冰川大气降水、表层雪和雪坑样品中pH和电导率的对比分析发现,从降水到表层雪,最后到雪坑样品的演化过程中,pH和电导率均呈减小趋势,而且pH和电导率的最高值均出现在春季;自西向东随着地理环境的变化,雪坑中样品的pH值呈升高趋势,哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川最大,乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川次之,奎屯哈希勒根51号冰川最小,但电导率却呈现出了不同的变化规律。     

Heavy metals contamination levels at the Coast of Aliağa (Turkey) ship recycling zone

Alia?a Bay is one of the most important maritime zones of Turkey where shipping activity, shipbreaking industry, steel works and petrochemical complexes exist together. Concentrations of heavy metals and organic carbon in sediment of the Alia?a Bay were investigated to evaluate an environmental risk assessment from metals contamination in 2009-2010. Comparison of the metal concentrations with average shale and Mediterranean background levels revealed that most of the samples from the Alia?a were polluted with Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn and Ni. It was found that Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni levels in Alia?a Bay exceeded the PEL values. Sediments, contaminated with Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni were considered as heavily polluted per the SQG.     

Hydrodynamic behavior of curtainwall-pile breakwaters

A numerical model is developed that can predict the interaction of regular waves normally incident upon a curtainwall-pile breakwater; the upper part of which is a vertical wall and the lower part consists of an array of vertical piles. The numerical model is based on an eigenfunction expansion method, and utilizes a boundary condition nearby the vertical piles that accounts for wave energy dissipation. Numerical solution comprises a finite number of terms, which is a superposition of propagating waves and a series of evanescent waves. The modeling is validated by comparison with previous experimental studies and overall agreement between measurement and calculation is fairly good. The numerical results are related to reflection, transmission, and dissipation coefficient; wave run-up, wave force, and wave overturning moment are also presented. Effect of porosity, relative draft, and relative water depth are discussed; the choice of suitable range of them is described. The relative draft is more effective for shallow water waves. Model shows decrease in relative draft and leads to reduction of relative wave force, overturning moment, and runup. It is shown that curtainwall-pile breakwaters can operate both effectively and efficiently in the range of relative draft between 0.15 and 0.75. The range 0.5 to 0.2 is also recommended for porosity.