西湖凹陷玉泉构造油气成藏时空匹配关系研究

以地质录井资料为基础,结合流体包裹体、自生伊利石同位素等地球化学资料,运用平衡剖面、盆地模拟技术,研究玉泉构造断裂演化史、圈闭发育史、埋藏史、成岩史、生烃史、油气成藏史及其时空匹配关系。研究表明：玉泉构造经历了前挤压反转期、挤压反转早期和挤压反转晚期3个阶段,其中挤压反转早期和晚期为NWW向调节断层和圈闭发育、定型的关键阶段;花港组下段H6—H7自13.0 Ma以来油气持续充注成藏至今,储层物性较差,花港组上段为13.0～11.4 Ma和4.2 Ma至今两期油气充注成藏,且第二期为主要油气成藏期,储层物性较好,龙井组为3.4 Ma至今一期充注成藏,储层物性好。总结出玉泉构造寻找有利勘探目标的关键条件为：以花港组上段为勘探主要目的层,靠近早期发育的NNE油源断层,避开晚期NWW向调节断层,指出玉泉3井区北部、玉泉1井区北部花港组上段以及玉泉3井区NWW向断层上盘龙井组、玉泉1井区龙井组上段为有利勘探区。     

中国主要铂族金属供需预测及对策建议

铂族金属作为重要的战略性矿产,广泛应用于汽车尾气催化剂、首饰、化工催化剂、电气电子等多个领域。分析了中国铂族金属的供需现状,并运用部门消费法对中国2030年之前的铂、钯和铑3种主要金属的需求总量进行长尺度的预测,同时定量分析了未来中国铂族矿山的供应能力,认为随着国民收入的增加,对首饰及汽车的需求仍会增长,再加上汽车尾气排放标准的严格,2030年之前中国主要铂族金属的需求仍会增长,但受铂族资源禀赋限制,供应依旧乏力。针对这些问题,提出了相关对策建议。     

Particulate matter geochemistry of a highly industrialized region in the Caribbean:Basis for future toxicological studies

Air pollution has become an important issue,especially in Caribbean urban areas,and,particulate matter(PM)emitted by different natural and anthropogenic sources causes environmental and health issues.In this work,we studied the concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 sources in an industrial and port urban area in the Caribbean region of Colombia.PM samples were collected within 48-h periods between April and October 2018 by using a Partisol 2000 i-D sampler.Elemental geochemical characterization was performed by X-ray fluorescence(XRF)analysis.Further,ionic species and black carbon(BC)were quantified by ion chromatography and reflectance spectroscopy,respectively.Using the Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)receptor model,the contributions of PM sources were quantified.The average concentration of PM₁₀ was 46.6±16.2μg/m³,with high concentrations of Cl and Ca.For PM_2.5,the average concentration was 12.0±3.2μg/m³,and the most abundant components were BC,S,and Cl.The receptor model identified five sources for PM₁₀ and PM_2.5.For both fractions,the contributions of marine sea spray,re-suspended soil,and vehicular traffic were observed.In addition,PM_2.5 included two mixed sources were found to be fuel oil combustion with fertilizer industry emissions,and secondary aerosol sources with building construction emissions.Further,PM₁₀ was found to also include building construction emissions with re-suspended soil,and metallurgical industry emissions.These obtained geochemical atmospheric results are important for the implementation of strategies for the continuous improvement of the air quality of the Caribbean region.     

金融危机对矿业的影响及分析预测

席卷全球的金融危机正在疯狂肆虐,矿业也难以独善其身.金融危机导致矿产品价格全线跳水、矿业公司股价大幅下跌、矿产品需求下降.矿产品价格大幅下跌是矿产品价格在挤出泡沫之后的一种理性回归.矿业发展自身的规律与百年不遇的金融危机的相互叠加、相互影响,加速了此轮矿业繁荣周期的终结并开始了走向下行期的步伐.金融危机给矿业带来了挑战与机遇,但机遇远大于挑战.对此提出如下建议:改善中国矿业投资环境,调整矿产品进出口政策;培育大型跨国矿业公司,提高竞争力;建立国外资源储备基地,吸引海外地质勘查人才;重新审视和再认识地勘基金的定位;抓住有利时机整合资源,促进矿业结构调整.     

新疆乌什北山铝土矿成矿特征与找矿远景研究

铝土矿床（点）,位于南天山石炭纪被动大陆边缘,其中阿依里河是铝土矿成矿中心,区域上矿体沿地层走向在北东、南西地区均有稳定的延伸。以阿依里河铝土矿矿床为例,阐述了新疆乌什北山一带铝土矿成矿地质条件、含矿层位、矿床地质特征。工业铝土矿体主要产在中石炭统灰岩内的3个侵蚀面上,矿体以似层状、透镜状为主,其形态及规模受侵蚀面及古地形的控制。笔者分析了铝土矿矿床成因类型、矿石类型,总结了矿区的成矿规律和铝土矿找矿标志,乌什北山一带有形成大中型铝土矿成矿的地质条件,具有寻找大型铝土矿的找矿远景和潜力,认为滚滚铁列克至英阿特一带中石炭统分布的狭长地带是重要的找矿靶区。     

Spatial assessment of fishing effort around European marine reserves: implications for successful fisheries management

We examined the spatial dynamic of artisanal fishing fleets around five European marine protected areas (MPAs) to derive general implications for the evaluation of MPAs as fisheries management tools. The coastal MPAs studied were located off France, Malta and Spain and presented a variety of spatial designs and processes of establishment. We developed a standardized methodology to define factors influencing effort allocation and to produce fishing effort maps by merging GIS with geostatistical modelling techniques. Results revealed that in most cases the factors “distance to the no-take”, “water depth”, and “distance to the port” had a significant influence on effort allocation by the fishing fleets. Overall, we found local concentration of fishing effort around the MPA borders. Thus, neglecting the pattern of fishing effort distribution in evaluating MPA benefits, such as spillover of biomass, could hamper sound interpretation of MPAs as fisheries management tools.     

Dynamics of flood water infiltration and ground water recharge in hyperarid desert

A study on flood water infiltration and ground water recharge of a shallow alluvial aquifer was conducted in the hyperarid section of the Kuiseb River, Namibia. The study site was selected to represent a typical desert ephemeral river. An instrumental setup allowed, for the first time, continuous monitoring of infiltration during a flood event through the channel bed and the entire vadose zone. The monitoring system included flexible time domain reflectometry probes that were designed to measure the temporal variation in vadose zone water content and instruments to concurrently measure the levels of flood and ground water. A sequence of five individual floods was monitored during the rainy season in early summer 2006. These newly generated data served to elucidate the dynamics of flood water infiltration. Each flood initiated an infiltration event which was expressed in wetting of the vadose zone followed by a measurable rise in the water table. The data enabled a direct calculation of the infiltration fluxes by various independent methods. The floods varied in their stages, peaks, and initial water contents. However, all floods produced very similar flux rates, suggesting that the recharge rates are less affected by the flood stages but rather controlled by flow duration and available aquifer storage under it. Large floods flood the stream channel terraces and promote the larger transmission losses. These, however, make only a negligible contribution to the recharge of the ground water. It is the flood duration within the active streambed, which may increase with flood magnitude that is important to the recharge process.     

紫外辐射对南极棕囊藻细胞DMSP合成和DMS释放率的影响

在不同紫外辐射波段下,南极棕囊藻(Phaeocystis antarctica)细胞的生长率、叶绿素a、细胞内DMSP含量和DMS释放量变化的测定结果表明;UV-B对南极棕囊藻细胞生长率和叶绿素a含量有抑制效应,UV-B还可加快DMSP分解成DMS和丙烯酸的分解速率,而UV-A对该藻细胞的DMSP合成有强烈的抑制效应。鉴于在每年春季极地海洋浮游植物繁殖期间,南极棕囊藻在南极海冰带海洋浮游植物种群结构中占有的优势地位,以及该藻是极地海洋浮游植物中DMS的主要释放者,推测南极“臭氧空洞”所增加的紫外辐射可能会对南极海域的DMS释放率产生一定的影响。     

Principal Component Analysis of Ground Level Enhancement of Cosmic Ray Events

We applied principal component analysis(PCA) to the study of five ground level enhancements(GLEs) of cosmic ray(CR) events. The nature of the multivariate data involved makes PCA a useful tool for this study. A subroutine program written and implemented in the R software environment generated interesting principal components.Analysis of the results shows that the method can distinguish between neutron monitors(NMs) that observed Forbush decreases from those that observed GLEs at the same time. T...     

承德自然资源综合调查主要进展与全国自然资源综合调查总体思路

自然资源综合调查是以地球系统科学为指导,查清山水林田湖草沙的数量、质量、生态效应及相互关系与演替规律,支撑服务生态文明建设和自然资源管理。以承德生态文明示范区自然资源综合调查为例,研究了承德自然资源综合调查的目标定位,并从支撑国土空间规划、生态保护修复、特色地质资源保护利用、服务城市规划等方面系统总结了近年来在双评价、地表基质研究、地质文化村创建、山体保护等领域取得的主要成果。在此基础上,提出了构建多要素、多目标的“承德模式”的主要内容、自然资源综合调查基本流程等方面的主要经验做法。最后针对未来全国自然资源综合调查,在总体目标、基本原则、主要内容等方面进行了顶层谋划设计,以期为全国不同尺度的自然资源综合调查工作提供技术参考。