介绍改进的单斜辉石地质温度计公式

岩浆岩的结晶温度是了解岩浆起源、演化和结晶过程的重要物理化学参数之一.单斜辉石地质温度计在镁铁质和超镁铁质岩研究方面具有广泛的用途.该法具有所需分析数据少、计算简单、便于应用等特点.1966年,Davis,B.T.C.和Boyd,F.R.对Mg_2Si_2O_6(En)－CaMgsi_2O_6(Di)体系在P=30Kb下进行了相平衡的实验研究,发现了其En—Di固溶体分离曲线的Diss(单斜辉石固溶体)一支与P=1atm条件下该曲线之间的差别很小,从而提出与Opx(斜方辉石)共生的Cpx(单斜辉石)可用作独立于压力效应的地质温度计.     

Identification of the interstellar cyanomethyl radical (CH2CN) in the molecular clouds TMC-1 and Sagittarius B2

We report the astronomical identification of the cyanomethyl radical, CH2CN, the heaviest nonlinear molecular radical to be identified in interstellar clouds. The complex fine and hyperfine structures of the lowest rotational transitions at about 20.12 and 40.24 GHz are resolved in TMC-1, where the abundance appears to be about 5 x 10(-9) relative to that of H2. This is significantly greater than the observed abundance of CH3CN (methyl cyanide) in TMC-1. In Sgr B2 the hyperfine structure is blended in the higher frequency transitions at 40, 80, and 100 GHz, although the spin-rotation doubling is clearly evident. Preliminary searches in other sources indicate that the distribution of CH2CN is similar to that for such carbon chain species as HC3N or C4H.     

南极威尔克斯地SGR钻孔处雪冰转化过程中的密度变化特征

本文着重描述了SGR钻孔处冰盖上的积雪在密实化过程中的特征变化,并对该过程进行了分段的和全面的回归分析.结果表明,冰盖密度随深度增大,但增长幅度随深度减小.作者提出密度变化减小度的概念.计算得出的所研究冰芯钻取点的密度变化减小度为-0.15kg/m~3·m~2,粒雪成冰前的密实速率平均值为4.08kg/m~3·a.本文得到的冰盖密度变化“临界点”与以往报道的有所不同.分析这一现象时,作者强调当积雪还在活动层时冰盖温度的影响,并以此解释密度剖面的异常变化以及离差的回升.特别指出,积雪的密度变化具有气候学意义,它在一定程度上能够反映出积雪形成及变化过程中气候变化的某些信息.本文由密度变化确定的钻孔点雪冰转化深度为50米.     

The development process and urbanisation in a newly organised state: a case study of Haryana

"This paper examines the impact of emergence of Haryana [India] as a new state in 1966 on its development and concomitant urbanisation process. The analysis is based on data for individual towns for all the post-Independence censuses of 1951 to 1981. It was found that urban growth in the state was far more rapid during the post-1966 period than that during the pre-1966 phase. The spatial picture of urban growth also changed somewhat."     

THE CLIMATIC CHANGES AND THE COASTAL ENVIRONMENT

Although the Yellow River Delta and Bohai Sea coastal zone are long distance and different environment with Po River Delta and Adriatic Sea coastal zone, the comparison of data of two different areas and the evolution trend of two areas are quite similar. The influence of natural climatic changes on the evolution of the deltas and coastal zones exists both in ancient and modern times. The cold/wet period occurred in 1300—1400A. D. and 1550 —1850 A.D. within this"large scale" climatie cycle, and shorter periods (10— 35 years) of cold rainy weather alternated with warm/dry period are known as "Bruckner cycles" which have influence on the evolution of the deltas and coastal zones.     

北部湾北部海雾短期预报方法

本文基于数理统计方法,根据涠洲、北海、白龙尾三站1968年一1979年共12年水文、气象观测资料,利用逐步回归分析方法,选用与海雾相关性较好且物理意义较为清楚的影喻因素,作为海雾的预报因子,对预报因子进行统计假设检验,即X~2检验。在此基础上,建立预报（12月、1月）本海区出雾的24小时的预报方程,并用 1980年—1982年（12月、 1月达三年来未参加统计）的资料进行后报验证。     

Cytochrome P450 differences in normal and imposex-affected female whelk Buccinum undatum from the open North Sea

Normal and imposex-affected female Buccinum undatum were sampled from the open North Sea at three locations, one with low, and two with high shipping densities. Cytochrome P450 components and P450 aromatase activity were determined in the microsomal fractions isolated from pooled digestive gland/gonads. Cytochrome P450 aromatase activity was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in normal females collected in the low shipping density area (1,325 +/- 295 fmol/h/mg protein) than levels from imposex animals from a high shipping density area (620 +/- 287 fmol/h/mg protein). A negative correlation was found between aromatase activity and organotin body burden (r = -0.99). Levels of CYP450, cytochrome b5 and NADPH cytochrome c reductase activity did not show differences among groups. This is the first field evidence of depressed aromatase activity in imposex affected females, although additional research under laboratory controlled conditions is required to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the development of imposex in this species.     

通过对重力波曳力的参数化来减小数值天气预报和大气环流模式中的系统性误差

一、引 言 由于地形性激发的中尺度重力波的中断,在加拿大气候中心大气环流谱模式中有时候采用了波的曳力效应的参数化。这一参数化的细节以及它在大气环流模式气候模拟中影响的讨论,可见Boer等人(1985)的工作。 最近,人们利用激发重力波次尺度地形的更好的描绘,来修改这一参数化方案。还有,使用Lindzen(1981)的波饱和概念来描述曳力效应。这一关于地形重力波曳力参数化的作法已在加拿大气候中心的大气环流谱模式中广泛试验,在加拿大气象中心的业务的谱数值预报模式中也正在普遍进行试验。本文的目的所在于概述在这些模式中正在普遍使用的波的曳力方案,并且证明这一方案在消除中期预报和大气环流模拟的系统性误差方面的用处。     

海底管道铺设过程的静动力分析

本文首先借助于弹性杆理论推导出一组求解长细管道力学问题的基本方程,然后分析计算了两个情况:(一)三维的静力问题。所采用的数值方法——平行打靶法证明对求解这类由于边界层性质而产生的刚性方程是很有效的。(二)二维的动力问题,这是本文的重点。分析的方法是将管道的运动视为在静态大挠度位置附近的小运动,从而得到一组系数由静态分析确定的求解动态问题的变系数线性常微分方程,使问题可再次应用平行打靶法得到解决。与模拟实验的结果比较表明,这种处理方法得到的结果基本上符合实际。