旋喷注浆在盾构隧道连接中的应用

该文描述了旋喷注浆在地下２４．８－２８．３ｍ深处两条３．５ｍ直径质构隧道连接中的应用。两隧道交接处的地层主要为松散的中细粒砂土,其间夹有一些坚固的细粉砂透镜体和坚硬的砂性土。这些坚硬减小了水射流的作用范围。采用与标准旋喷注浆不同的特殊参数与工艺,这一问题得到了解决使得旋喷桩径达到了１．６ｍ。另外,在完成导向孔钻进后,用测斜仪对其进行了垂直精度测量,以确保注浆固结体的均匀性。两质构隧道以成功地连接。     

加固松软地层土墙的施工方法

如果在松软地层上进行建筑施工,必须采取措施,防止横向位移、压密沉陷和由于地层滑移和差异沉降引起的不稳定性。本文首先概要地讨论了利用人造地层加固方法,作为对松软地层采取的措施。其次提出多锚栓墙结合陡坡加固堤岸的预加载施工方法,目的在于减少差异沉降．试验堤坝和实际施工证实方法的实用性和效果。     

海洋电测系统的发展

罗斯基勒（Ｒｏｓｋｉｌｄｅ）大学（丹麦）开展沿海地区的环境监测已有若干年了,其中包括不久前在波罗地海区与俄罗斯圣彼德堡科学工作者们的一项重要国际合作。起初研究这些方法是为了确定矿物原料在海底的位置,但目前这些方法已完全可用于一般的环境监测。在不久的将来,一些电测方法肯定会有产业性的突破。这种进步好比６０年代海洋地震带来的重要突破。电阻率法、电阻抗谱法（ＥＩＳ）与自然电场法的组合,包括离子选择电极（     

南澳大利亚晚前寒武纪地层及植物化石

南澳大利亚晚元古代沉积剖面是世界晚前寒武纪较好的标准剖面之一。该剖面岩性较为多样,厚度巨大,出露良好,研究程度高,有同位索年龄资料并含有各种各样的生物化石:藻类、迭层石、藻灰结核、大量无骨骼动物印痕及活动遗迹。自从1960年A.和提出把南澳大利亚晚前寒武纪沉积上部划分为国际地层表中一个独立地层单位—埃迪卡拉系后,对其研究的兴趣与日俱增。本文是根据对剖面及其中所含藻类化石和结构的研究而提出的,其目的在于简要地论述这些剖面的地层研究现状并着重讨论     

不同水热条件下作物生长期间积温变化

积温作为农作物对热量需要的指标,得到了广泛应用,但因不稳定,目前仍有争论。为检查积温不稳定的原因,以春小麦列宁格勒卡品种()为研究对象,作了以下试验:     

一次造成30万人死亡的热带气旋

这份材料提出了一个值得注意的现象,即在沿海地区一次台风或强大风暴发展所造成的灾害,除直接和该天气系统的强度和发展情况有关外,与当地当时的地形条件及各种潮汐情况(特别是大潮)也有很大的联系(当然,社会制度不同对受灾程度的影响是一个决定的因素)。我国海岸线长,沿海地形复杂,预报工作在监视和预报台风之类灾害天气时,尤应考虑到这方面的因素。     

Substrate selection and seasonal variation in abundance and size composition of isopod Lirceus fontinalis in Ontario streams, Canada

The abundance and size composition of stream isopods Lirceus fontinalis were investigated from April 2001 to August 2002 in 3 streams in southern Ontario, Canada. Effects of current speed was released from the analysis by choosing slow flowing water. The effects of substrate, season and water depth on the abundance, distribution and size composition of the isopods were analyzed. It was found that substrate and season influence isopods the most. The rocky substrate with attached filamentous macro-algae contains an isopod abundance 7.05 times that of bare rock substrate and 14.6 times that of fine-sand and mud substrate. There was a large variation with respect to seasonality in both abundance and size composition of the isopods, with the highest abundance occurring in summer and the lowest in winter and spring; individual isopods also tend to be larger in the winter and spring. In all substrates, shallow areas tend to support higher densities of isopods than deeper areas.     

Modelling of sediment movement in the surf and swash zones

Under the action of marine currents, non-cohesive sediments evolve by bed-load, by saltation or suspension depending on their granulometry. Several authors have considered that the movement of sediment...     

2012年夏季楚科奇海浮游动物垂直迁移及上升流对其生物量的影响

The diel vertical migration(DVM) of zooplankton and the influence of upwelling on zooplankton biomass were examined using water column data of current velocity and mean volume backscattering strength(MVBS)collected by moored acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) deployed in the southeastern Chukchi Sea during the 5th Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE) in summer 2012, combined with the satellite observational data such as sea surface temperature(SST), wind, and chlorophyll a(Chl a). Hourly acoustic data were continuously collected for 49-d in the mooring site. Spectral analysis indicated that there were different migrating patterns of zooplankton, even though precisely classifying the zooplankton taxa was not available. The prevailing 24-h cycle corresponded to the normal DVM with zooplankton swimming upwards at sunrise and returning to deep waters at sunset. There was a clear DVM in the upper 17 m of the water column during the period with distinct day-night cycles, and no active DVM throughout the water column when the sun above the horizon(polar day), suggesting that light intensity was the trigger for DVM. Also there was a second migrating pattern with 12-h cycle. The upwelling event occurring in the northwest of Alaskan coastal area had important influence on zooplankton biomass at the mooring site. During the upwelling, the SST close to the mooring site dropped significantly from maximal 6.35°C to minimal 1.31°C within five days. Simultaneously, there was a rapid increase in the MVBS and Chl a level, suggesting the aggregation of zooplankton related to upwelling.