Stable carbon isotope evidence for tracing the diet of the host Hepialus larva of Cordyceps sinensis in the Tibetan Plateau

Two types of Hepialus larvae with different diets were distinguished in the Sejila Mountain,Tibetan Plateau based on the stable carbon isotope data of the host Hepialus larva of Cordyceps sinensis and its closely adjacent tender plant roots and humus fractions.Type I is the larva chiefly fed by soil humus,and characterized by the δ 13C values of -22.6‰ to-23.4‰,and more than -23.4‰ in its heads.Type II is the larva chiefly fed by tender plant roots,and characterized by the δ 13C values of-24.6‰ to -27.6‰,an...     

Sedimentary Features and Sea-Level Changes Reflected in Drill Holes in the Zhuhai Area

Experimental examinations and analyses have been made of the sediments from drill holes in the Zhuhai area, Guangdong Province. The studies show that there occurred four transgressions in this area over the historical times. The first transgression occurred at 7500 a B.P., with the maxium sea level up to about 1 m above the present level. The second transgression occurred at 5750 a B.P., with the sea level possibly 4 m higher than the present. The third and fourth transgressions took place at 4650 a B.P. and 2600 a B.P. respectively, which lasted for a long time with multiple fluctuations. The fifth transgression is in process. It could be predicted that the sea level at Zhuhai would rise by 15-20 cm in the coming 50 years.     

琼东南华光凹陷深水重力搬运沉积体系及其油气勘探

重力搬运沉积作用形成的岩性地层圈闭对深水油气勘探具有非常重要的作用.为弄清琼东南盆地华光凹陷重力搬运沉积特征, 基于近年新采集的地震资料和经典层序地层模式, 开展了该区的深水沉积特征研究.南海西北部深水区重力搬运沉积特征发育, 主要包括中新统三亚组发育的复合水道、上新统变形滑坡体及第四系深水浊积水道.三亚组复合水道具有典型的强弱振幅相互叠置特征, 上新统变形滑坡体具有典型的下部变形、上部滑坡的双层结构, 第四系深水浊积水道具有典型的侧向迁移、分支水道等特征.这些沉积特征的形成与越南隆起的物源供给有关.复合水道充填可作为潜在的深水储层, 滑塌体的形成可能与天然气水合物的形成或解体有关.      

The Sedimentary Sequence and Palaeogeographic Changes of the South Yellow Sea Since the Olduvai Subchron

According to the alternation of terrestrial beds and transgressive beds, the sedimentary sequence of the South Yellow Sea since the Olduvai subchron can be divided into 15 stratigraphical intervals. According to the facies analysis, there are 7 transgressive beds and one bed with transgression marks, and classical transgressive-regressive facies sequence also appears in the major transgressive beds.Palaeogeographic evolution in the shelf area involved 4 periods: (1) 1.70-0.5 Ma B. P. was the stage for the development of the Palaeo-Yangtze River alluvial plain and delta. Tide influenced -river channel sediments formed during the Olduvai have been found in borehole QC2. The river mouth was located near 124°E and during the transgressive stage from 0.97-0.73 Ma B.P. to the east of 122.2°E, a large-scale undersea delta was formed. In the regressive stage, the shelf area became an alluvial plain. (2) 0.50-0.75 Ma B.P. was a multi-transgressive fluctuation stage during which 3 transgressive beds (HVI, HV, H     

松辽盆地盆西斜坡白垩系姚家组下切谷充填结构

白垩纪青山口组沉积末期至姚家组沉积初期,松辽盆地发生了湖平面大幅度下降,湖区大规模萎缩,形成了SSQq-qn和SSQy-n之间的二级层序界面.这一时期,西部斜坡普遍暴露,缺失了三级层序SQqn4和SQy1地层,并在齐齐哈尔古水系的作用下在西部斜坡的北部形成了下切谷.下切谷长约70km,宽约20km,呈NW-SE延伸.在SQy23层序水进域,下切谷逐渐被充填.下切谷发育区SQy23水进域的地层厚度明显高于相邻区域,在沉积走向上的高地层厚度梯度带反映了下切谷的边界.下切谷充填序列具有多期旋回性特征,一个完整的短期充填旋回的底界为侵蚀面,侵蚀面之上依次发育泥砾岩、具交错层理含陆源砾石和泥砾中-细粒砂岩、具波纹层理粉砂质泥岩和泥岩.充填下切谷的不同短期旋回的砂体在空间上具有叠瓦状结构.在倾向剖面上,砂体沿下切谷底界面逐层叠置超覆,向盆地方向分叉并尖灭在泥岩中,反映了河-湖共同作用.在横剖面上,砂体呈透镜状错叠.早期的砂体主要发育于相对深谷部位,相对高部位以泥质充填为主,后期的砂体不受原始深谷限制.在SQy23最大湖泛期,下切谷内以泥质充填为主.      

山东莒南后左山恐龙公园早白垩世恐龙足迹化石初步研究

山东省莒南县后左山恐龙公园内保存了数量众多、形态各异的恐龙足迹化石。该足迹化石群产于早白垩世大盛群田家楼组,主要是兽脚类、鸟脚类恐龙的足迹,尤以前者占优质。最大的一个为椭圆形,大小100cm×70cm,可能系鸟脚类恐龙的足迹。鸟脚类足迹大多为椭圆形,长轴一般30～40cm,常呈幻迹保存。最大的兽脚类足迹为三趾型,长49cm,宽35cm,是大型肉食龙类的足迹;最小的一个长8.5cm,宽4.5cm,可能是虚骨龙类的足迹。另外还发现了少量可能是驰龙的足迹,具有2个很长的趾(Ⅲ和Ⅳ趾),趾间角极小,二者几乎平行。鸟脚类恐龙足迹层位分布局限,但密度较大,产出的层面常发育泥裂、波痕,甚至冰晶痕,与泥岩、粉砂质泥岩等层位相关性较强。     

巴东城区黄土坡滑坡与迁建新址地质环境分析

为保证三峡库区巴东组易滑地层区城市规划发展地质安全,采用系统分析与类比的方法,探讨了非正常斜坡地质环境的开发利用与保护问题.巴东城区黄土坡滑坡是一个多期次形成的特大型复合变形体,系统分析表明,在三峡水库运行条件下,该滑坡前缘稳定性较差,但整体基本稳定,仍可限制性加以利用,实施部分搬迁避险是必要的.从整体而论,迁建新址区与黄土坡滑坡区地质环境条件类同,即同属三峡库区,由巴东组易滑地层组成、以顺向坡体结构为主要特色的斜坡地质环境,发育多个影响较大的滑坡,显现出地质环境比较脆弱的一面,利用时仍须加以限制.通过加强地质灾害防治体系建设和风险管制,能保证两区规划发展在允许风险水平条件下的地质安全.      

Modeling of wind gap formation and development of sedimentary basins during fold growth: application to the Zagros Fold Belt,Iran

Mountain building and landscape evolution are controlled by interactions between river dynamics and tectonic forces. Such interactions have been extensively studied, however a quantitative evaluation of tectonic/geomorphic feedbacks, which is imperative for understanding sediments routing within orogens and fold‐and‐thrust belts, remains to be undertaken. Here, we employ numerical simulations to assess the conditions of uplift and river incision necessary to deflect an antecedent drainage network during the growth of one, or several, folds. We propose that a partitioning of the river network into internal (endorheic) and longitudinal drainage arises as a result of lithological differences within the deforming crustal sedimentary cover. Using examples from the Zagros Fold Belt (ZFB), we show that drainage patterns can be linked to the non‐dimensional incision ratio R between successive lithological layers, corresponding to the ratio between their relative erodibilities or incision coefficients. Transverse drainage networks develop for uplift rates smaller than 0.8 mm yr^?1 and low incision ratios (?10 < R < 10). Intermediate drainage networks are obtained for uplift rates up to 2 mm yr^?1 and large incision ratios (R > 20). Parallel drainage networks and the formation of sedimentary basins occur for large values of incision ratio (R > 20) and uplift rates between 1 and 2 mm yr^?1. These results have implications for predicting the distribution of sediment depocenters in fold‐and‐thrust belts, which can be of direct economic interest for hydrocarbon exploration. They also put better constraints on the fluvial and geomorphic responses to fold growth induced by crustal‐scale tectonics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dense water formation in the Gulf of Lions shelf: Impact of atmospheric interannual variability and climate change

Dense water formed over the continental shelf and cascading down the slope is responsible for shelf-slope exchanges in many parts of the world ocean, and transports large amounts of sediment and organic matter into the deep ocean. Here we perform numerical modeling experiments to investigate the impact of atmospheric interannual variability and climate change on dense water formation over the Gulf of Lions shelf, in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Results obtained for a 140 years eddy-permitting simulation (1960–2100) performed over the whole Mediterranean Sea under IPCC A2 scenario forcings are used to force a regional eddy-resolving model of the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea.