基于MGIS与MODIS SST数据的黑潮海表温度锋特征分析

本文利用我国自主研发的海洋地理信息系统软件MaXplorer,以黑潮为例,阐述了基于过程的海洋形态特征提取方法,利用VC++,对MODIS水星SST时间序列数据进行海表温度锋抽取,并分析了2003年东海黑潮表层温度锋位置的季节性变迁。结果表明,东海黑潮表层温度锋位置的季节性变化不大,只是在台湾东北部海域和北纬30°附近海域季节性变化比较活跃,由于夏季东海表层水温比较均匀,基本保持在28℃以上,温度锋位置难以确定。其他3个季节温度锋的位置由于受海底地形的影响,基本保持在200m等深线附近的陆坡区,而在台湾岛东北部有一个明显的先是气旋,后是反气旋的弯曲,冬季的温度锋位置相对稍偏东,秋季的温度锋路线比较曲折。     

Estimation of the Land Surface Emissivity in the Hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

An accurate accounting of land surface emissivity(ε) is important both for the retrieval of surface temperatures and the calculation of the longwave surface energy budgets.Since ε is one of the important parameterizations in land surface models(LSMs),accurate accounting also improves the accuracy of surface temperatures and sensible heat fluxes simulated by LSMs.In order to obtain an accurate emissivity,this paper focuses on estimating ε from data collected in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert by two different methods.In the first method,ε was derived from the surface broadband emissivity in the 8–14 μm thermal infrared atmospheric window,which was determined from spectral radiances observed by field measurements using a portable Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,the mean ε being 0.9051.The second method compared the observed and calculated heat fluxes under nearneutral atmospheric stability and estimated ε indirectly by minimizing the root-mean-square difference between them.The result of the second method found a mean value of 0.9042,which is consistent with the result by the first method.Although the two methods recover ε from different field experiments and data,the difference of meanvalues is 0.0009.The first method is superior to the indirect method,and is also more convenient.     

祁连-秦岭造山带交接部位25亿年碎屑锆石的发现及其地质意义

对来自祁连与秦岭造山带交接部位秦安地区葫芦河流域的“葫芦河群”浅变质砂岩中大量碎屑锆石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果发现,其中含有年龄为2 302~2 578 Ma的锆石颗粒。这些锆石年龄均十分谐和,且阴极发光图象上显示具有典型岩浆型振荡环带结构和岩浆成因锆石的w(Th)/w(U)为0.11~1.42,表明这些锆石为新太古代末期构造岩浆作用的产物。这些锆石是该区域迄今发现的最古老的锆石,表明祁连与秦岭造山带交接部位可能存在比陇山岩群和秦岭岩群更古老的陆壳。     

利用伪归一化差异水体指数提取城镇周边细小河流信息

通过对归一化差异水体指数NDWI中的绿波段修正,提出了不依赖于中红外波段的伪归一化差异水体指数FNDWI（False NDWI）。使用NDWI和FNDWI分别在背景地物为城市、城郊、乡镇、村落和山区的遥感影像上进行河流水体提取,实验表明,FNDWI影像中城镇建筑用地与河流水体的可分离性较NDWI有所提升,提升率为116%~335%不等;相关性分析表明,河流宽度与可分离性提升率具有明显的负相关关系,相关系数为-0.82;分类结果显示,在城市和城郊区域,NDWI提取的水体中混杂有较多城镇建筑用地信息,而FNDWI提取的水体中基本未见混杂。总体上,FNDWI提高了2种地物的可分离性,剔除了NDWI影像混入的城镇建筑用地信息,较好地解决了NDWI城镇建筑用地与河流水体的混淆问题,尤其适用于城镇周边的细小河流。     

Effects of Body Weight and Water Temperature on Maximum Food Consumption of JuvenileSebastodes fuscescens (Houttuyn)

1　INTRODUCTIONTherateoffoodconsumptionoffishfedadlibitumisregardedasthemaximumrateoffoodconsumption(Cmax) (Woottonetal.,1 980 ) .SeveralfactorsthatinfluenceCmaxincludingbodyweight (Liuetal.,1 998) ,watertemperature (Liuetal.,1 998) ,dis solvedoxygen (Vivekanandan ,1 977) ,salinity (ZanuyandCarrillo ,1 985 ) ,andphotoperiod (Grossetal.,1 965 ) ,werereported .Bodysizeandwatertemperaturewereregardedastwoofthemostimportantfactors,andhadreceivedmostattention (Elliott,1 979;Woottonetal.,1 …     

GPS在地震仪器地理北方位定向中的应用

介绍了用GPS对台站数字化地震仪地理北方向的定位方法。试验表明,定向精度优于2′,完全满足地震仪器定向精度小于6′的要求。     

Geochemical evidence of paleogeography and paleoclimate during deposition of the 2nd Member of Kongdian Formation in Kongnan area

The 2nd Member of Kongdian Formation has been made up of a large number of oil shale and mudstone in the Kongnan aera of Huanghua depression around the Bohai Bay. In the Kongnan area, the lake basins were very large and deep during the deposition of the 2nd Member of Kongdian Formation. During that period,the lakes were sealed, uncommunieated with the sea water and the paleoclimate was very warm and wet in Kongnan area. Analyzing the content of the trace element and the rare earth element, carbon and oxygen isotope in the disquisition, The authors prove the two views correct.     

利用混沌粒子群算法确定河流水质模型参数

将混沌寻优思想引入到粒子群优化算法中,提出了混沌粒子群算法,这种方法利用混沌运动的随机性、遍历性和规律性等特性对当前粒子群体中的粒子进行混沌寻优.通过这种处理使得粒子群体的进化速度加快,从而改善了粒子群优化算法摆脱局部极值点的能力,提高了算法的收敛速度和精度.并将混沌粒子群算法应用于求解分析瞬时投放示踪剂情况下的一维河流水团示踪试验数据以及确定河流水质参数的函数优化问题,结果表明,混沌粒子群算法的收敛性能明显优于粒子群优化算法.     

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Cultivation of marine sponges

Sponges are the most primitive of multicellular animals, and are major pharmaceutical sources of marine secondary metabolites. A wide variety of new compounds have been isolated from sponges. In order to produce sufficient amounts of the compounds of the needed, it is necessary to obtain large amount of sponges.The production of sponge biomass has become a focus of marine biotechnology.