互联网时代的在线地图公共服务探讨

互联网地图是一种特殊的地图产品,是地理信息的重要载体。本文分析了互联网时代的在线地图市场、发展现状、目前存在的问题,讨论了互联网地图与传统纸质地图的区别,论述了各省制图行业参与互联网地图服务的进展情况及其优势,在此基础上对互联网地图的未来进行了展望。     

基于VC++的三尺度坐标转换模型的研究及实现

在分析北京1954坐标系统与西安1980坐标系统特点的基础上,介绍了基于空间尺度为各向异性的三尺度坐标转换模型及其转换形式,以一种新的思路探讨了基于VC++编制的54坐标系的坐标转换至80坐标系的关键技术。本文基于兖矿发耳矿井测量数据,通过实例检验了这种转换算法,并进行了精度分析。     

川北硅质岩型铼多金属矿可选性试验

为了解川北新发现的硅质岩型铼多金属矿可选性,开展了铼及伴生硫、硒、钒、钼等多种元素的回收工艺研究.试验确定,采用"重选选硫一尾矿氧化焙烧挥发回收铼硒-碱浸回收钒钼"的工艺,可以有效回收矿石中的铼、硒,并综合回收矿石中伴生的黄铁矿和钒、钼元素.重选工艺可以得到产率10.68％、硫品位48.33％的优质硫精矿产品,硫的回收率62.72％;选硫尾矿在950℃氧化焙烧2h,硒的挥发率可达到99.96％以上,铼的挥发率为91.69％;选硫尾矿焙砂碱浸工艺,钒的渣计浸出率88.09％、液计浸出率91.49％,钼的渣计浸出率92.13％、液计浸出率92.52％.     

海上移动站精密测轨方法

将人造卫星精密定轨理论应用于海上移动站精密定轨，根据移动站的特点，建立了相应的定轨条件方程，并在此基础上利用海上移动站某次飞船发射任务跟踪数据进行了实算，给出了定轨结果和讨论。     

古玉器的化学风化机理初探之二——块状模拟实验

在前文粉末态模拟实验基础上,初步模拟古玉埋藏的酸性以及碱性环境,通过对不同材质玉料的块状形态在酸、碱缓冲溶液中的浸泡实验,并与粉末态玉料的浸泡结果进行对比分析,以深化对古玉器风化机理的认识。     

浮选试验条件对粉煤灰脱炭的影响

贵州是煤炭资源大省，作为本省的主要能源，煤炭和电力一直扮有重要角色，随着“西电东送”工程的实施，煤炭的大量利用以及电厂装机的大幅增加，导致粉煤灰的排放量急剧增加，严重污染了当地的环境，因此，对粉煤灰的利用显得迫切。对贵州某地粉煤灰进行测定的基础上，进行了浮选条件试验，并对浮选产品进行扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析，通过对粉煤灰浮选试验进行单因素考察，发现浮选浓度、浮选药剂用量是分选效果最重要的影响因素，浮选效果是浮选产品利用的关键。     

基于粒子群优化的BP神经网络模型参考自适应控制系统

将粒子群优化的BP神经网络作为模型，参考自适应控制系统的控制器，把参考模型输出与系统实际输出的均方误差作为PSO-BP神经网络的适应函数，通过PSO算法强大的搜索性能使自适应控制系统的均方误差最小化。仿真实例结果表明，基于粒子群优化算法的BP神经网络自适应控制系统收敛快、精度高，有较好的网络的泛化和适应能力，能够很好地控制系统的输出跟随参考模型的输出。     

利用SLR数据进行广播星历精度评估

论述了利用SLR观测数据进行广播星历精度评估的原理、方法及计算模型。通过理论分析及对比试算,得出该方法所能达到的精度为0.03 m,与微波观测数据计算结果存在近50 mm的系统差,验证了方法的可行性。该方法为广播星历精度评估提供了独立的外部检核条件,克服了利用精密星历评估必须事后进行的缺点,达到了实时处理的效果。采用2005年SLR观测数据对GPS 35卫星广播星历精度进行了实测数据评估,给出了有益的结论。     

开展全省酸雨监测分析业务的思考

陕西气象部门建成并投入使用的酸雨观测站有15个，初步具备了开展酸雨监测分析业务的条件，2007年4月开始发布全省酸雨监测公报。一项新业务的开展，有许多新问题需要研究和解决。本文将近期学习中遇到的重要概念、问题、酸雨监测的初步结果和一些想法整理出来，与相关的业务和业务管理人员讨论。     

Macro-and Micro-Structures of Heavy Fogs and Visibility in the Dayaoshan Expressway

Belonging to the southern subtropical moist type of monsoon climate,the Nanling mountainous area experiences heavy fogs whenever quasi-stationary fronts appear there from September to May.There can be as many as 15-18 days of heavy fogs per month.Fogs have more serious consequences in the Lechang-Ruyuan section of the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway(the longest expressway in China)that passes through the main part of the Nanling Mts.,where the road rises from 200m to more than 800m above sea level(ASL).For a major motorway in the mountainous areas of Nanling Mts.,two multidisciplinary integrated field observations were carried out,which measured visibility by the naked eyes,visibility by instrument,spectrum of fog- drops,liquid water content(LWC)of fog,tethered sounding,dual-parameter low-level sounding,turbulence diffusion within fog layers,aerosol spectra of size and composition,sampled fog water compositions,and sampled rainwater compositions.Typical cases were probed for their analyses of synoptics,micro- and macro-structures and microphysics.It is understood that heavy fogs take place with high frequency in the area and bring about serious consequences.Being typical advection and upslope fogs,they are in essence low-lying clouds appearing at high altitudes,which are closely related with the activity of South China frontal processes,especially the South China quasi-stationary fronts,and reflect on the role of local terrain as well.The heavy fogs are characteristic of long duration,extremely low visibility,well-organized lump- shaped structure,large-size fog-drops,moderate concentration,high LWC,and stronger turbulent diffusion within the fog layers than in fine sky.They differ much from radiation fogs,which are better documented in previous study in China.It is found that fog LWC is in significant anti-correlation with visibility so that large LWC is associated with small visual range.It is also noted that one of the reasons for the fluctuation of characteristic quantities of micro-structure such as the LWC of fog in the area is,in addition to the inhomogeneous structure of the fog itself,the effect of advection and inhomogeneous underlying surface; during the translation of fog with the ambient wind,irregular upslope and cross-over movement is another reason for the inhomogeneous structure and fluctuation of fog.The spectrum of the aerosol size displays itself as the power function of monotonous descent.The concentration of submicrometer particles is even higher.The high-concentration sulfate particles found in the aerosols of Nanling Mts.are actually good nuclei for condensation,which are favorable for the formation of fog.The presence of fog can help cleanse the trace compositions in the atmosphere so that fog droplets contain high levels of polluting elements.In the meantime,compared to cloud droplets,fog droplets are easier to be captured by the vertical surfaces of objects on the land surface,such as vegetation and buildings to constitute another kird of cleansing process. In vast stretches of forest like the Nanling Mts.,this kind of cleansing may be quite important.Studying the characteristic variation of fogs in the area realistically assists in setting up a forecast and warning system for local fogs and provides basic information for fog dispersal experiments.