喜马拉雅和西藏高原深地震反射剖面的数据采集工作

喜马拉雅和西藏高原深地震反射剖面(INDEPTH)先导性试验剖面位于喜马拉雅山脉,北起西藏康马县的萨马达,南到西藏帕里。近南北向的剖面长约100km(INDEPTH-1),东西向横剖面长为8.6km(INDEPTH-2)。每隔2km测一次低速带。与反射地震工作一起还开展了“宽角反射”及“三维地震”测量。最大的震源一接收点偏移距为140—150km。由于地形条件十分困难,INDEPTH-1取弯线,INDEPTH-2取直线。     

The Relationship between the Wintertime Blocking over Greenland and the Sea Ice Distribution over North Atlantic

The sea-ice concentration in the Northern Hemisphere, 500 hPa height, sea-level pressure and 1000-500 hPa thickness of monthly mean data are examined for the period 1953-1989, with emphasis on the winter season.Relationships between large-scale patterns of atmospheric variability and sea-ice variability are investigated, making use of the correlation method. The analysis is conducted for the Atlantic sectors. In agreement with earlier studies based upon monthly mean data on sea-ice concentration, the strongest sea-ice pattern is composed of a dipole with opposing centers of action in the Davis Straits / Labrador Sea region and the Greenland and Barents Seas. Its temporal variability is strongly coupled to the atmospheric North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The relationship between the two patterns is strongest with the atmosphere leading the ocean. The polarity of the NAO is associated with Greenland blocking episodes, during which the influence of the atmosphere is strong enough to temporarily halt the c     

资源遥感信息与地理信息系统

遥感图像数据经目视解译转化为信息,长期以来一直是地理信息系统(GIS)的主要信息源。数字图像资料,与近来计算机技术的进展相结合,现已能使目视图像解译在完全的数字处理环境中实现。但是为了充分发挥数字图像资料应用于GIS 的潜力,目前仍然要进一步运用数据自动处理的有关机制。本文将着重从为自然资源管理提供信息的角度,探讨此类机制的优点和缺点。最后得出结论:研究和技术两方面均需进一步发展,才能建立由图像数据自动获取GIS信息的全部操作过程。     

MULTIVARIATE SELECTION OF VARIABLES IN INDUSTRIAL QUALITY CONTROL:OPTIMIZING AVIATION FUEL FINAL CONTROL

This paper deals with a typical question encountered in all industrial analytical laboratories:are all thetests performed in the laboratory to characterize the final product really necessary?In this work the cross-validation technique,Procrustes rotation techniques and statistical variable selection have been used toreduce the 26 initial British Petroleum and ASTM kerosene specification tests to ten'essential'ones.Statistical as well as chemical considerations were used to select the optimum subset of original variablesto be retained from all the possible ones.     

地理信息理论的探讨

很多空间数据处理的专业领域正处于过渡状态。许多学科都在探寻和发展GIS 的能力。象其它学科一样,地图学也正在发现由现代信息提供的越来越多的新机会。信息学的发展已经历了几个阶段。在它的早期阶段,重点放在机算法能力的使用上。第二阶段是处理大数据流;管理操作如数据贮存和提取等也成为独立的研究领域。现在是第二阶段向第三阶段的过渡时期。试图用机器效仿人的思想。     

用全球大气混合层海洋环流模式模拟二氧化碳增加对土壤湿度季节变化的影响

本文利用全球三维大气耦合混合层海洋环流模式模拟大气中二氧化碳浓度增加对土壤湿度的影响。敏感试验(2×CO_2)与控制试验(1×CO_2)对照表明,当大气中二氧化碳浓度增加时,全球土壤湿度在各季发生明显变化。其中两半球低纬度地区在冬季土壤温度变温,两半球中纬度地区则在各季土壤湿度变干,北半球高纬度地区土壤湿度在夏季变干,其余各季变温。分析大气中二氧化碳浓度增加造成土壤温度全球变化的可能物理机制表明,地面水循环和热量循环是重要的因素。