甘青藏旅游资源的联动开发研究

在青藏铁路即将开通的机遇条件下,从旅游资源形成的自然、社会、历史背景上分析了甘青藏3个省旅游联动开发的现势性和必要性,旅游资源类型结构和空间结构,提出了在3个省开展旅游资源点一轴式开发的设想,并提出了3个省旅游资源联动开发的战略措施和具体步骤。     

Characteristics of shallow gas hydrate in Okhotsk Sea

Multidisciplinary field investigations were carried out in Okhotsk Sea by R/V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev (LV) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) in May 2006, supported by funding agencies from Ko- rea, Russia, Japan and China. Geophysical data including echo-sounder, bottom profile, side-scan- sonar, and gravity core sample were obtained aimed to understand the characteristics and formation mechanism of shallow gas hydrates. Based on the geophysical data, we found that the methane flare detected by echo-sounder was the evidence of free gas in the sediment, while the dome structure de- tected by side-scan sonar and bottom profile was the root of gas venting. Gas hydrate retrieved from core on top of the dome structure which was interbedded as thin lamination or lenses with thickness varying from a few millimeters to 3 cm. Gas hydrate content in hydrate-bearing intervals visually amounted to 5%―30% of the sediment volume. This paper argued that gases in the sediment core were not all from gas hydrate decomposition during the gravity core lifting process, free gases must existed in the gas hydrate stability zone, and tectonic structure like dome structure in this paper was free gas central, gas hydrate formed only when gases over-saturated in this gas central, away from these struc- tures, gas hydrate could not form due to low gas concentration.     

黔东钾镁煌斑岩分布控制因素及其侵位模式

黔东地区发现大量的钾镁煌斑岩体,具有区域椭圆状分布和局部带状产出的基本特征,据测年资料,主要形成于晚奥陶世。结合地史演化分析,经武陵运动、雪峰运动和加里东期郁南运动及都匀运动等多期(幕)运动,在黔东钾镁煌斑岩区基底应存在类似于"江南古陆"区菱块状构造格架的地质构造条件,并因此而控制黔东钾镁煌斑岩区域椭圆状分布和局部带状产出。另据岩相古地理分析,黔东钾镁煌斑岩或应主要为基底构造控制下的"泥鳅钻豆腐"侵入模式,故而找矿勘查方向应主要和首先关注已知岩区的"攻深找盲"问题。     

煤矿采空区下组煤三维地震勘探技术

利用三维地震勘探技术探测老窑采空区的位置和范围,已取得了很好的效果,但是对于采空区下组煤的探测,还处于探索阶段。总结了采空区下组煤地震反射波特征,分析了影响下组煤探测效果的主要因素,提出了采取“高覆盖次数、单深井激发、大药量、中低频检波器、变观”等手段,可以获得具有较高信噪比的下组煤层地震信息,说明三维地震方法探测采空区下组煤是可行的。      

压制50 Hz干扰波的地震资料处理方法

压制50 Hz工业电干扰,通常在频率域采用陷波器进行滤波,该方法在压制50 Hz干扰信号的同时也损伤了有效信号中的50 Hz成分,从而降低了地震资料的品质。利用迭代法对初至波之前的信号进行分析,求取50 Hz干扰波的振幅和相位特性,对50 Hz干扰波进行压制。实际应用效果表明,该方法能够很好地压制50 Hz干扰波,且不对有效信号产生伤害。      

人类活动对长江上游近期输沙变化的影响

利用1956-2007年径流—输沙序列,分期定量研究了长江上游近期主要干支流输沙变化及其原因,结果显示:①长江上游1994-2002年输沙量减少1.43亿t/a,人为减沙占91.2%,主要来自嘉陵江措施减沙;2003-2007年减沙4.50亿t/a,径流减沙占14.1%,前期持续的人类活动减沙占39.8%,三峡水库蓄水拦沙、金沙江措施减沙等新增人为减沙占46.2%。②金沙江1983-2000年输沙量增加0.48亿t/a,人为增沙占74.7%,主要是工程增沙;2001-2007年输沙量减小1.183亿t/a,全部为人为减沙,包括二滩等各型水库拦沙、水保减沙和工程增沙减少。③嘉陵江1985-1993年输沙减少0.827亿t/a,人为减沙占81.4%,主要人为减沙包括农村社会经济因素变化导致的土壤减蚀和水库拦沙;1994-2007年输沙量减少1.285亿t/a,其中自然径流减沙占29.6%,前期持续人类活动减沙占42.1%,宝珠寺等新增水库拦沙和水保减沙占23.4%,另有4.9%的人为减水减沙。     

Developmental expression pattern of calmodulin gene in amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense

We investigated the developmental expression pattern of AmphiCaM in cephalochordate amphioxus (Branchiostoma belcheri tsingtauense). We cultured and sampled the animals at different developmental stages (eggs and larvae), and used in-situ hybridization and northern blotting to document the spatial and temporal changes in AmphiCaM expression. The alimentary tract dominates the development from the late neurula stage to the adult stage. AmphiCaM expression increased significantly in the alimentary tract during the late neurula stage and remained elevated in the adults. Our results indicate that AmphiCaM is involved in the differentiation of the alimentary tract in amphioxus; and furthermore, provide an insight into the change in function of CaM genes during evolution.     

Simulating mechanism of interaction between ports and cities based on system dynamics: A case of Dalian,China

Port-city system is a complex and integral system, and it can be simulated by system dynamic method, which is used to be employed to solve nonlinear problems. Based on the causality of the every element in the port-city system, the authors analyzed the feedback relation and logical relation among the system variables and system structure. A system-dynamic flow chart and correlation equations were put forward with VENSIM software, the quantitative relation was described, and the model was debugged. The devel...     

波浪诱发松散海床渐进式液化的数值分析

近海区域广泛分布着第四纪新沉积的松散海洋土,波浪荷载作用下松散海床会发生液化进而对近海结构物的稳定性存在巨大威胁。本文采用中国科学院流体-结构-海床相互作用数值计算模型FSSI-CAS 2D,选用Pastor-Zienkiewicz-Mark Ⅲ（PZⅢ）弹塑性本构研究了波浪诱发的松散海床液化问题。分析了波浪荷载引起的松散海床内超孔隙水压力、有效应力以及应力角的时程变化特性,并预测了松散海床的渐进液化过程。计算结果表明,波浪荷载作用下松散海床内残余孔压会累积增长,海床表面最先发生液化,然后逐渐向下发展至液化最大深度。同时指出海床内超孔隙水压力的竖向分布特征和应力角的变化时程均可以作为判断海床液化的间接参数。最后,通过应力状态分析,讨论了海床渐进式液化的发展过程和趋势。     

玉树北部二叠纪镁铁质岩的成因及其对大陆弧后盆地形成的指示

系统地调查与研究弧后盆地岩浆作用能为探究汇聚板块边缘的壳幔相互作用、板块俯冲动力学和弧后盆地形成-演化机制等提供重要信息。本文以最近在青海玉树北部地区发现的二叠纪镁铁质岩类为研究对象,开展了岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学与同位素地质学等研究,以期为深入认识大陆弧后盆地形成机制及有关镁铁质岩浆的起源提供关键线索。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学测定结果表明,玉树北部辉长岩的结晶年龄为260±1 Ma。玄武岩样品具有相对低的TiO₂和Nb/Y值以及相对高的Ce/Nb值,其相对于原始地幔要显著富集轻稀土和Th等元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti和P等元素,可与世界上典型弧后盆地玄武岩(例如Okinawa Trough BABBs)成分特征类比。而辉长岩样品具有相对高的TiO₂和Nb/Y值以及相对低的Ce/Nb值,其相对于原始地幔要显著富集轻稀土和Th等元素,轻微亏损Nb、Ta和Ti,总体上具有与OIB类似的成分特征。玄武岩样品具有变化较大的ISr(0.706～0.709)和εNd(t)值(-1.8～+1.3),而辉长岩样品则具有相对均一的I...