黔北黄平地区黄地1井下寒武统发现海相页岩气

正1研究目的(Objective)中国南方下寒武统牛蹄塘组广泛发育暗色页岩,有机质含量丰富,沉积厚度大,但普遍存在有机质成熟度过高导致页岩气赋存不利等因素。贵州黄平地区牛蹄塘组为一套深水陆棚相沉积,以炭质页岩为主,具有页岩厚度大、有机质含量高、成熟度适中且构造保存较好等有利条件,目前尚未获得页岩气调查突破。在前期研究的基础上,为摸清牛蹄塘组在该区地层发育,力争获得页岩气发现,在武陵山褶皱带南部贵州黄平地区上塘复背斜东翼南段部署实施了黄地1井,钻遇牛蹄塘组见良好油气     

吉林省桦甸——靖宇地区早太古宙上壳岩成岩环境分析

本区早太古宙上壳岩是由变质火山岩和变质沉积岩组成。其中前者岩石化学、地球化学特征表明,具类似于岛弧拉斑玄武岩及安山岩的特点,并与世界典型的岛弧玄武岩地球化学型式具可比性,反映出岩石在成岩过程中具育相当于岛弧环境为主的演化趋势。变质沉积岩大致为一套岛弧间海盆地沉积的海相浊流岩。     

雅安地区石材开发中对资源及环境的保护

介绍了四川省雅安地区储量丰富、质地名贵的石材资源;论述了在石材开发中由于管理不善,采矿、加工工艺落后,存在资源破坏严重和地质环境恶化等问题;提出了合理开采石材资源和进行地质环境保护的建议     

云南天文台高分辨率斑点成像的新进展

本文报道了对天文目标：双星ＡＤＳ１６８００、ＡＤＳ１６１７３,三星Ｈｕ６６（ＡＤＳ１１３４４）和Ｈｌｄ１７１（ＡＤＳ１６６４８）进行的斑点成像观测及测量结果。介绍了所用的二维光子计数斑点像探测系统的性能,分析了探测系统的光子噪声、附加噪声和其它更复杂的噪声对斑点图的平均功率谱和重谱的影响。在讨论了改正重谱中的噪声偏差项时提出了对重谱基底施加正性约束的算法。测量的结果表明,实现了高精度的微射受限天文     

Impact of North Atlantic SST and Tibetan Plateau forcing on seasonal transition of springtime South Asian monsoon circulation

Climate Dynamics - The South Asian circulation and precipitation in spring shows a clear seasonal transition and interannual variation. We investigate how the North Atlantic sea surface temperature...     

基于个体视角的南通市宜居度差异分析

通过问卷调查,借助SPSS和MapInfo软件,从生活便捷度、自然环境舒适度、人文环境舒适度、健康度、安全度和出行便利度6个方面出发,分析了南通市居民对居住环境的感知和态度的差异。结果表明:南通市总体居住环境的宜居度为一般,尤其是健康度没有达到合格的标准,体现新形势下居民对健康环境的渴望和关注;城市从中心到外围,宜居度先增大后减小,呈"Ⅰ地区>核心区>Ⅱ地区"的圈层波动变化趋势,但各方向上并不均衡。这种差异与居民的属性、居住小区属性和城市发展政策有较大关系。     

Water-saving potential in aeolian sand soil under straight tube and surface drip irrigation in Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China

Evaporation loss from the saturated soil beneath drip irrigation emitters highly influences the irrigation efficiency of drip irrigation (DI). Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) is one good approach to curb this inefficiency, but in a new irrigation method, straight tube irrigation (STI), the irrigation tubes do not need to be buried and thus STI is recommended to increase the irrigation efficiency under normal surface-applied DI. STI consists of only connectors and water-transference tubes that can directly transfer irrigation water from the lateral emitters in the drip line to the root zone of plants. Five-month field experiments were carried out in Aeolian sand soil in the forest-belts of the Taklimakan Desert, which have poor water storage capacity, to compare the potential water saving between STI and DI. The preliminary results showed that, compared with DI, STI (1) improved the soil water content in soil depths from 40 to 100 cm under the soil surface; (2) achieved the same irrigation effects in relatively shorter irrigation durations; (3) had very little water loss due to deep seepage; and (4) formed a layer of dry sand about 10 to 30 cm thick immediately below the soil surface, which lessened evaporation loss of soil water beneath the emitters on the soil surface. This demonstrates that STI can maximize the water-saving potential of DI through the reduction of wetted soil perimeters on the soil surface. This is valuable information for water-saving engineering applications and projects with STI in arid and semiarid regions.     

解读权力变迁下的新城空间生产——以南京市为例

随着城市化的快速推进,新城在中国城市大量涌现。在空间生产的理论框架下,以南京市为例,研究权力变迁与新城空间生产的关系。政府权力的变迁影响了新城空间生产的重点、方向和时序,也因此带来了新城空间的无序拓展。此外,历届政府在空间生产的手段和类型上存在差异。这些差异不仅受当时社会、经济大环境的影响,而且也受地方行政长官偏好的影响。同时,在新城空间生产的不同时期,空间生产的手段也不尽相同。     

塔里木河流域土地利用监测适宜尺度选择方法

Optimal scale is one of the important issues in ecology and geography. Based on land-use data of the Tarim River Basin in Xinjiang of China in the 1950s, regarding the area of land use types as the parameter in scale selecting, the histograms of the patches in area are charted. Then, by reinforcing the normalized scale variances (NSV) with 3 landscape indices, the scale characteristics of land use in the Tarim River Basin can be summarized. (1) NSV in the Tarim River up to a maximum at scale of 1:50,000 which is considered appropriate for the Tarim River. (2) Diversity indices of saline land are consistent with NSV’s. Diversity indices and NSV of sandy land showed that the appropriate scale is in the same scale domain. There is a significant difference between diversity indices and NSV of forestland and shrubland. (3) Fractal dimension of sandy land and saline land showed a hierarchical structure at a scale of 1:10,000. Fractal dimension of forestland and shrubland are distributed under the same hierarchical structure in the region. Foundation: National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40571030; No.40730633 Author: Zhao Jin (1980–), Ph.D, specialized in study of scale effect.     

Influences of environmental changes on water storage variations in Central Asia

The spatio-temporal pattern of the global water resource has significantly changed with climate change and intensified human activities. The regional economy and ecological environment are highly affected by terrestrial water storage (TWS), especially in arid areas. To investigate the variation of TWS and its influencing factors under changing environments, the response relationships between TWS and changing environments (climate change and human activities) in Central Asia have been analyzed based on the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data, Climatic Research Unit (CRU) climate data and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote sensing data products (MOD16A2, MOD13A3 and MCD12Q1) from 2003 to 2013. The slope and Pearson correlation analysis methods were used. Results indicate that: (1) TWS in about 77 % of the study area has decreased from 2003 to 2013. The total change volume of TWS is about 2915.6 × 10⁸ m³. The areas of decreased TWS are mainly distributed in the middle of Central Asia, while the areas of increased TWS are concentrated in the middle-altitude regions of the Kazakhstan hills and Tarim Basin. (2) TWS in about 5.91% of areas, mainly distributed in the mountain and piedmont zones, is significantly positively correlated with precipitation, while only 3.78% of areas show significant correlation between TWS and temperature. If the response time was delayed by three months, there would be a very good correlation between temperature and TWS. (3) There is a significantly positive relationship between TWS and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in 13.35% of the study area. (4) The area of significantly positive correlation between TWS and evapotranspiration is about 31.87%, mainly situated in mountainous areas and northwestern Kazakhstan. The reduction of regional TWS is related to precipitation more than evaporation. Increasing farmland area may explain why some areas show increasing precipitation and decreasing evapotranspiration. (5) The influences of land use on TWS are still not very clear. This study could provide scientific data useful for the estimation of changes in TWS with climate change and human activities.