Late cretaceous Arman’ flora of Magadan oblast: Paleoclimatic interpretation

The Arman’ flora belongs to the formation of the same name in the Arman’ River basin and Nel’khandzha-Khasyn interfluve. It includes about 80 fossil plant species. The similarity of this flora to the reliably dated fossil floras of northwestern Kamchatka and the Pekul’nei Range dates it to being Turonian and Coniacian in age, which is corroborated by isotopic (U-Pb and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar) dating of the plant-bearing layers. The CLAMP method is used to estimate quantitative climatic variables, according to which the Arman’ flora existed in a temperate humid climate with warm summers and mild winters. This climate is especially similar to the conditions reconstructed from fossil plants of the Turonian Penzhina flora and the Coniacian Kaivayam and Tylpegyrgynai floras of Northeast Asia.     

Evaluating Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) data for seagrass mapping in Indian River Lagoon,FL

Differentiation between benthic habitats, particularly seagrass and macroalgae, using satellite data is complicated because of water column effects plus the presence of chlorophyll-a in both seagrass and algae that result in similar spectral patterns. Hyperspectral imager for the coastal ocean data over the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA, was used to develop two benthic classification models, Slope_RED and Slope_NIR. Their performance was compared with iterative self-organizing data analysis technique and spectral angle mapping classification methods. The slope models provided greater overall accuracies (63–64%) and were able to distinguish between seagrass and macroalgae substrates more accurately compared to the results obtained using the other classifications methods.