The Biological Calcium Carbonate Pump in the Norwegian and Barents Seas: Regulation Mechanisms

Doklady Earth Sciences - This paper reports on a study of the phytoplankton calcium carbonate pump in the Norwegian and Barents seas in July–August 2017. Coccolithophores, a unique marine...     

The North Pole Region: First Data on the Snow–Sea Ice–Ice Water Sedimentation System

Doklady Earth Sciences - The dispersed sedimentary material in the snow–ice cover near the North Pole was analyzed directly for the first time. The composition of sediments in the...     

The Energy Spectrum of the Current Velocity in the Deep Part of the Black Sea

Doklady Earth Sciences - In 2016–2017, the yearly long measurements of the current velocities were carried out at 100 m depth below the thermocline and at 1700 m depth for the first time,...     

Relationship between the suspended particulate matter and microorganisms in the White Sea waters

During the summer periods of 2003–2005, the spatial and vertical distributions of the suspended particulate matter and bacteria in stratified and homogeneous waters of the White Sea was studied. The results of the study of various quantitative characteristics of the suspended particulate matter (first of all, the area of the surface and the volumetric and mass concentrations) and the abundance of microorganisms in the water are discussed. A direct correlation between the value of the surface area of the suspended particulate matter and the total number of bacteria in the water is revealed. However, it was manifested only during the early summer period of the observations and was not expressed at the end of the summer. The enhanced surface area of the suspended particulate matter can indicate the higher biochemical activity of its particles. The influence of the pelitic fraction on the bacteria abundance in different parts of the sea during the summer is estimated.     

Studies of Sediment Systems of the European Arctic during Cruise 75 of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh

Oceanology - Abstract—The paper presents the results of systemic oceanological studies of the European part of the Arctic during cruise 75 of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh. The expedition...     

Mercury in White Sea Bottom Sediments: Distribution,Sources, and Deposition Chronology

Oceanology - For the first time, vertical and lateral distribution patterns of mercury in White Sea bottom sediments have been determined. An abrupt change in the nature of mercury concentrations...     

Comparative study of vertical suspension fluxes from the water column,rates of sedimentation,and absolute masses of the bottom sediments in the White Sea basin of the Arctic Ocean

A new approach using dispersed organic matter of the water column in sedimentation traps in comparison with the surface layer of the bottom sediments is applied for the study of marine sedimentation. This approach provides the opportunity for an in situ (by fluxes of sedimentary matter in the water column) study of modern sedimentation in the surface layers of the bottom sediments and tracing the changes in the environment and climate at a new technological level. This also allows us to choose the reverse task: to reconstruct the fluxes of the matter and chemical elements in ancient seas by the rates (or absolute masses) of sedimentation.     

Spatial distribution of phytoplankton in the White Sea in the late summer period with regard to the water structure and dynamics

The species composition and biomass of the phytoplankton, as well as the hydrophysical and hydrochemical characteristics of the water masses, were estimated for different areas of the White Sea at 24 stations for the period of August 26 to September 3, 2007. The micronutrient concentrations were lower compared to the average long-term values for the summer period. The total biomass of phytoplankton (B _t ) varied from 87 to 1914 mg C/m². For most of the studied sites, B _t was low; dinoflagellates were the most abundant species. Diatoms dominated in the areas of elevated hydrodynamic activity, i.e., in the Gorlo (vertical mixing of the water layers), in intrusions of the Gorlo water masses into the basin of the White Sea, and in the peripheral areas of the Dvina outflow current. The B _t was also the highest in the listed areas.