Formation flying in elliptic orbits with the J2 perturbation

Relative dynamics between the chief satellite and the deputy ones in formation flying is crucial to maintaining the formation. A good choice of the formation usually requires a lower control frequency or less control energy. For formation flying missions in highly elliptic orbits, the well-known C-W equation is not accurate enough. Instead, Lawden’s equation is often used. First, the solution to Lawden’s equation with a very simple form is deduced. Then the J2 perturbation is added. It is found that Lawden’s solution is not necessarily valid when the J2 perturbation is considered. Completely discarding Lawden’s solution and borrowing the idea of mean orbit elements, two rules to initialize the formation are proposed. The deviation speed is greatly reduced. Different from previous studies on the J2 perturbation, except for the relatively simple expression for the semi-major axis, the tedious formulae of the long period terms and the short period terms of other orbital elements are not used. In addition, the deviation speed is further reduced by compensation of the nonlinear effects. Finally, a loose control strategy of the formation is proposed. To test the robustness of this strategy, a third body perturbation is added in numerical simulations.     

Spectral energy distributions for TeV blazars

In this work, we collected a sample of 69 TeV blazars from TeVCat, obtained their multiwavelength observations, and fitted their spectral energy distributions by using a second degree polynomial function. The structure parameters of synchrotron bumps for 68 blazars and those of inverseCompton bumps for 56 blazars were derived. Then, we conducted statistical analysis on the parameters(curvature, peak frequency, peak luminosity, bolometric luminosity and X/γ-ray spectral indexes).From our analysis and discussions, we can conclude the following:(1) There is a clear positive correlation between the synchrotron peak frequency, log ν_p~s, and the inverse-Compton peak frequency, log ν_p~(IC),and between the synchrotron peak luminosity, log ν_p~sL_(νp)~s, and the inverse-Compton peak luminosity,log ν_p~(IC)L_(νp)~(IC).(2) The correlation between the peak frequency and the curvature of synchrotron bump is clearly different from that of the inverse-Compton bump, which further indicates that there are different emission mechanisms between them.(3) There is a correlation between log νIC pand γ-ray spectral index, α_γ, for the TeV blazars: log ν_p~(IC)=-(4.59 ± 0.30)α_γ+(32.67 ± 0.59), which is consistent with previous work.(4) An "L-shape" relation is found between log ν_p~s and α_X for both TeV blazars and Fermi blazars. A significant correlation between log νs pand X-ray photon index(α_X) is found for the TeV blazars with high synchrotron peak frequency: log ν_p~s=-(3.20 ± 0.34)α_X+(24.33 ± 0.79),while the correlation is positive for low synchrotron peaked TeV sources.(5) In the αX-αγdiagram,there is also an "L-shape." The anti-correlation is consistent with results available in the literature, and we also find a positive correlation between them.(6) Inverse-Compton dominant sources have luminous bolometric luminosities.     

基于浮标资料的中国东部海域最大波高特征分析

利用原国家海洋局2010—2015年的浮标资料,计算渤、黄、东海有效波高和最大波高的线性关系,并通过1992—2011年共20 a的数值模拟有效波高资料计算中国东部海域各月的2.5 m、4 m、6 m以上最大波高频率和最大波高月极值分布。结果发现:中国东部海域由北至南,最大波高与有效波高的比值逐渐增大;最大波高频率和最大波高月极值空间分布均由渤海、黄海至东海逐渐增大,最大波高频率的极值12月最大,4或5月最小,最大波高月极值9月最大,4月最小。其时空分布表明:受不同天气系统影响,夏秋季台风较多,容易出现极值较大的最大波高;秋冬季冷空气较强,虽然最大波高极值相对较小,但大浪持续时间长、频率大、影响范围广。     

地震反演技术在西江油田中的应用

地震反演综合应用了测井资料在垂向上的分辨力和地震资料在横向上的连续性以及所包含的丰富的岩性和物性信息,把界面性的地震数据转换成岩层性的测井数据,使其能与钻井、测井直接对比,并以岩层为单元进行地质解释,研究储层特征的空间变化,描述储层的分布特征,为勘探开发提供重要依据。在西江24-3油田的应用中对比各种反演方法的适用性,举例介绍了针对复杂地质情况时反演应用的关键技术环节。根据工区的已知钻井等地质资料,利用反演波阻抗数据体对工区进行了研究,并对储层进行预测。     

Analysis and comparison of heat flux of landfast ice during 2016 in the Prydz Bay,Antarctica

Long term in situ atmospheric observation of the landfast ice nearby Zhongshan Station in the Prydz Bay was performed from April to November 2016. The in situ observation, including the conventional meteorological elements and turbulent flux, enabled this study to evaluate the sea ice surface energy budget process. Using in situ observations, three different reanalysis datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Interim Re-analysis(ERA-Interim), National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis2(NCEP R2), and Japanese 55-year Reanalysis(JRA55), and the Los Alamos sea ice model, CICE, output for surface fluxes were evaluated. The observed sensible heat flux(SH) and net longwave radiation showed seasonal variation with increasing temperature. Air temperature rose from the middle of October as the solar elevation angle increased.The ice surface lost more energy by outgoing longwave radiation as temperature increased, while the shortwave radiation showed obvious increases from the middle of October. The oceanic heat flux demonstrated seasonal variation and decreased with time, where the average values were 21 W/m~2 and 11 W/m~2, before and after August,respectively. The comparisons with in situ observations show that, SH and LE(latent heat flux) of JRA55 dataset had the smallest bias and mean absolute error(MAE), and those of NCEP R2 data show the largest differences.The ERA-Interim dataset had the highest spatial resolution, but performance was modest with bias and MAE between JRA55 and NCEP R2 compare with in situ observation. The CICE results(SH and LE) were consistent with the observed data but did not demonstrate the amplitude of inner seasonal variation. The comparison revealed better shortwave and longwave radiation stimulation based on the ERA-Interim forcing in CICE than the radiation of ERA-Interim. The average sea ice temperature decreased in June and July and increased after September,which was similar to the temperature measured by buoys, with a bias and MAE of 0.9°C and 1.0°C, respectively.     

安徽宣城红土微生物GDGTs分布特征及其古环境意义

中国南方更新世红土是古气候环境变化研究非常重要的载体之一,红土微生物类脂分子是其古气候环境研究的有效指标,但其在红土中的古气候意义需要更进一步的挖掘和明确.选取处于气候变化敏感地带并且已有很好年代学基础的安徽宣城红土剖面进行详细的野外调查和系统的样品采集,利用改善后的碱式水解法提取红土微生物类脂分子,通过对比分析、比较印证等方法对其中的甘油二烷基链甘油四醚(glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers,简称GDGTs)进行系统研究.宣城剖面GDGTs分布特征显示:剖面下部各指标呈旋回性变化、而上部相对稳定,表明形成初期环境比较动荡,而后期成土环境相对稳定;土壤pH为7.0~8.0,推测其物源主要来源于北方干旱区或长江中下游干涸河滩沉积;BIT指标反映宣城地区在130 ka BP左右气候极为干旱.结果表明,红土中微生物类脂物GDGTs能够定量、高分辨率地重建安徽宣城的古气候环境,具有重要的研究意义.      

冻融作用下PPF稳定土力学性能研究

为了研究冻融作用下外加材料稳定土的力学性能,以一种国产土壤固化剂（TG固化剂）加固低剂量水泥石灰稳定土为研究对象,通过冻融前后的无侧限抗压强度试验、劈裂强度试验和抗压回弹模量试验,研究不同压实度、聚丙烯纤维（PPF）掺量稳定土的力学性能。结果表明：稳定土的抗压强度、劈裂强度及回弹模量均随冻融次数的增加而降低,经历6次冻融循环后,强度、模量损失率基本稳定。冻融前后稳定土的抗压强度、劈裂强度、抗压回弹模量以及强度、模量的残留百分比均随着压实度和PPF掺量的提高而增大。结合工程实际情况,选取压实度为95%,0.2% PPF综合稳定土进行冻融试验,得到抗压强度残留比（BDR）达到59.32%,质量变化率仅为6.28%,研究表明,PPF综合稳定土具有优良的冻稳定性,可用作路面基层材料。     

角闪石族和辉石族矿物的系统矿物学分类命名

角闪石族和辉石族矿物是链状硅酸盐矿物的重要组成部分,它们中的许多矿物种属于造岩矿物和/或工业矿物,具有重要的成因矿物研究意义和工业应用开发价值。国内学者对它们的分类命名和基本系统认识主要源自于王璞等(1984)编著的《系统矿物学》。随着科学技术发展和矿物学研究的不断深入,原有的矿物基础资料和分类命名都在不断更新与完善,迄今已有专业学术机构和学者在不同年代陆续发表了不同版本对该两类矿物的修订或修改意见,但一直没有统一整合,导致在涉及该两类矿物的应用研究中,在分类命名上与国际标准不统一。根据本课题组在国家公益性行业科研专项项目(新编《系统矿物学》)所承担的研究任务和当前国内外研究进展,本文系统归纳、梳理并综述了角闪石族和辉石族矿物的分类方案和命名原则,使分类命名统一标准、原则和认识并与国际接轨,这有利于该两类矿物的理论研究与开发应用,更好地支撑地质学及相关学科的研究与发展。     

Fission track evidence for the Mesozoic Cenozoic tectonic uplift of Mt. Bogda, Xinjiang, Northwest China

1 IntroductionThe Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution and ki-netics mechanism of the intracontinental orogen are thekey subjects of continental dynamics (Ma Zongjin andGao Xianglin, 2004) and the key to understanding theregional geological tectonics (Qia…     

苏里格气田南区莲102井区盒8段储层微观孔隙结构及气-水渗流特征

苏里格气田南区莲102井区盒8段储层孔隙结构复杂,气-水渗流规律不清,因此,运用铸体薄片、图像孔隙、扫描电镜、高压压汞等测试方法对研究区储层孔隙结构进行分析,利用气-水相渗流及可视化渗流实验方法,研究了成藏过程中的气-水渗流特征。研究结果表明,研究区盒8段储层孔隙以岩屑溶孔为主,粒间孔次之,晶间孔及粒间溶孔发育较少,喉道类型以片状喉道和弯片状喉道为主,平均喉道半径0.3 μm。根据孔隙度、渗透率、排驱压力及最大进汞饱和度,将盒8段储层孔隙结构分为3类,从Ⅰ类至Ⅲ类孔隙组合类型分别为粒间孔-溶孔、晶间孔-溶孔、溶孔-晶间孔; 孔喉半径分布由单峰型或左高右低双峰型转变为左低右高双峰型,主流喉道半径逐渐变小; 储层物性由好变差,孔隙连通性也逐渐变差。研究区目的层气驱水类型分为3类,分别为均匀驱替、网状驱替和指状驱替,不同气驱水类型的储层,气-水两相渗流束缚水饱和度及两相渗流区宽度差异较大。气-水渗流特征与物性和孔隙结构关系密切,从Ⅰ类至Ⅲ类气驱水由均匀驱替过渡为网状驱替再到指状驱替,两相共渗区域由宽变窄,等渗点由高变低,且束缚水饱和度逐渐增高,渗流能力由强变弱。基于储层渗流规律,预测研究区有利开发区域,为研究区勘探开发提供依据。