大别山北缘早白垩世黑石渡组沉积体系研究

分布于大别山北缘晓天-磨子潭断裂以北和金寨-响洪甸-西汤池断裂以南呈东西向延伸的早白垩世黑石渡组,厚达千米,岩相主要有角砾岩、砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩等,包括冲积扇、河流、扇三角洲和湖泊沉积体系,其中河流沉积主要由洪泛平原和决口扇组成。黑石渡组属于向上变细层序,早期为冲积扇沉积,中期为洪泛平原、决口扇和扇三角洲沉积,晚期为深湖浊流沉积。冲积扇和湖相浊流沉积主要发育于盆地东段舒城晓天地区,洪泛平原和决口扇沉积主要发育于盆地西段霍山地区,扇三角洲在两地都比较发育。这是一个不对称的断陷盆地,晓天-磨子潭断裂可能对盆地的发育具有控制作用。     

辽宁省矿产资源规划数据库的建立

矿产资源规划数据库是“国家、省、市、县四级矿产资源规划管理信息系统”的重要组成部分.数据库包括空间数据和非空间数据两大类,涵盖了基础地理、基础地质、矿产资源现状、矿产资源规划等方面的内容.建立矿产资源规划数据库,为本地区地质调查和矿产资源管理的信息化建设,提供基础数据支撑.主要阐述了以MapGIS、ArcGIS及Microsoft Office等软件为工具,建立辽宁省矿产资源规划数据库的过程及注意事项.     

极浅水边界层的沉积环境效应

极浅水环境是水深远小于正常边界层厚度的环境,潮滩滩面和潮水沟就经常处于这种环境之中。来自江苏潮滩的观察资料表明,落潮后期滩面和潮水沟在薄层低速水流作用下可形成浅水波痕、平床和次级潮水沟形态,而边界层内的流速结构仍然得以维持,物质输运强度也与Von Kármán-Prandtl模型所定义的u100数值相一致。涨急时段中潮位附近形成的滩面涌潮是极浅水边界层的另一种动力学行为,它代表薄层高速水流作用下发生的底部边界层系统的崩溃,此时Von Kármán-Prandtl模型所刻画的流速结构不复存在。滩面涌潮高度是系统崩溃的临界水深,它可以定量地表示为Hb=4z0。极浅水边界层过程对潮滩沉积和地貌形成具有独特的作用。     

沙特阿拉伯Jabal Twalah地区铀/钍矿化特征与成矿机制

目前,沙特阿拉伯西北部Jabal Twalah地区铀钍资源勘查程度较低,对该地区的铀成矿机制研究相对薄弱。本文主要对该地区新发现的伟晶岩型和花岗岩热液型铀矿化带的矿化特征和成矿机制开展研究。区内与铀钍矿化相关的伟晶岩和围岩花岗岩中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄分别为638.6±3.2 Ma和632.5±1.5 Ma,两者时代基本一致。综合岩相学、地球化学以及扫描电镜能谱分析等研究结果,发现矿化伟晶岩强烈富集U、Th、稀土及稀有金属元素,复杂的高温蚀变矿物组合特征暗示可能经历了岩浆期后热液的改造,改造前后矿化伟晶岩中的铀和钍未发生分离,以副矿物形式存在而无独立铀矿物,具岩浆矿物组合的特征,如金红石、锆石、氟碳铈矿、磷钇矿、钍石等。花岗岩热液型单铀矿化带的地表样品中铀矿物主要为硅铅铀矿和硅钙铀矿,脉石矿物主要为赤铁矿、萤石、石英以及少量方解石,铀矿化受控于高铀含量的碱性花岗岩、强烈硅化构造破碎带以及晚期酸性—基性脉岩活动等因素。强烈硅化的构造破碎带及其转折部位或者与脉岩交汇部位是今后重要的找矿方向。     

Late Cretaceous tectonic switch from a Western Pacific‐ to an Andean‐Type continental margin evolution in East Asia,and a foreland basin development in NE China

The early Cretaceous structure of NE China was a result of slab‐rollback‐driven extensional tectonics, characteristic of Western Pacific‐type continental margins. Oblique docking of a microcontinent along the Asian active margin in the early Late Cretaceous induced a compressional stress regime that brought about an Andean‐type continental margin development. Partitioning of contractional–transpressional strain across NE China produced a retroarc foreland basin system, comprising, from east to west, an orogenic wedge, a foredeep (Songliao basin), a forebulge (Great Xing'an Range) and a back‐bulge depozone (Hailar and Erlian basins). A sub‐circular lacustrine depozone in the pre‐existing Songliao basin evolved into a NNE‐trending depocentre near the forebulge and acquired a westward flowing fluvial–deltaic drainage system during the Campanian. Development of this retroarc foreland basin system signals a significant tectonic switch from a Western Pacific‐type to an Andean‐type continental margin evolution in the geological history of East Asia.     

近三年来国际上天体测量研究的进展

本文简述近三年来国际上天体测量的研究进展 ,特别是依巴谷星表向暗星扩充、2 0世纪初照相观测改进自行的精度和巡天观测资料对特殊天体物理现象的检测等方面的研究动态。最后介绍了空间天体测量卫星DIVA、GAIA、SIM和FAME计划的进展。     

Compton γ射线望远镜的直接解调成像

Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎγ射线望远镜ＣＯＭＰＴＥＬ／ＣＧＲＯ工作于０．７５－３０ＭｅＶ能区，本文应用直接解调方法分析ＣＧＲＯ＃１观测的ＣＯＭＰＴＥＬ数据，准确定出Ｃｒａｂγ射线源的位置，在１０－３０ＭｅＶ能区，分辨开最大似然法所不能完全分辨的Ｃｒａｂγ射线源和类星体ＰＫＳ０５２８＋１３４，得出优于传统成像方法所得的成像结果．应用直接成像方法处理γ射线脉冲星Ｇｅｍｉｎｇａ分位相数据，发现Ｇｅｍｉｎｇａ在１０－３０ＭｅＶ能区仍存在辐射，辐射集中在Ｇｅｍｉｎｇａ第一个峰的位相区域．结果表明，应用直接解调方法对Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎ望远镜数据作成像分析是完全可行的     

Heat fluxes and roll circulations over the western Gulf Stream during an intense cold-air outbreak

Turbulence and heat fluxes in the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) for the roll vortex regime, observed during the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) over the western Gulf Stream, have been studied. The spectral analysis suggests that cloud streets (roll vortices) are vertically organized convection in the MABL having the same roll scale for both the cloud layer and subcloud layer, and that the roll spacing is about three times the MABL depth. The roll circulations contribute significantly to the sensible (temperature) and latent heat (moisture) fluxes with importance increasing upward. Near the MABL top, these fluxes are primarily due to roll vortices which transfer both sensible heat and moisture upward in the lower half of the convective MABL. Near the MABL top, the roll circulations transfer sensible heat downward and moisture upward in the clear thermal-street region, but roll vortices influenced by evaporative cooling can transfer sensible heat upward and moisture downward in the cloud-street region. Near the cloud-top, the upward buoyancy flux due to evaporative cooling is highly related to the roll circulations near the inversion.For the lower half of the MABL, the normalized temperature flux decreases upward more rapidly than the humidity flux, which is mainly because potential temperature () increases slightly upward while humidity (q) decreases slightly upward above the unstable surface layer. The gradient production (associated with the gradient) is a source for the temperature flux in the unstable surface layer but changes to a sink in the mixed layer, while the gradient production (associated with the q gradient) acts as a source for the humidity flux in both the unstable surface and mixed layers. The results suggest that the entrainment at the MABL top might affect the budgets of temperature and humidity fluxes in the lower MABL, but not in the unstable surface layer.Caelum Research Corporation, Silver Spring, MD, 20901, U.S.A.     

国内外有关成像光谱数据影像分析方法研究

本文介绍了近年来国内外有关成像光谱数据分析方法的研究进展,着重介绍了除光谱匹配方法以外的一些方法,包括主成分分析,最佳波段组合、改进型最大似然法、基于决策边界特征矩阵的变换和正交子空间投影等方法,并介绍了这些方法的应用效果。     

Geochemical modeling of groundwater in karst area and its application at Pingdingshan coalfield

Several approaches including hydrogeochemistry and isotope hydrogeology have been used to investigate the karst groundwater systems at Pingdingshan coalfield in recent years. The results of the modeling and evaluation of groundwater chemistry, as parts of recent research progress at the area, are presented. The characteristics of Cambrian karst groundwater flow was analyzed in terms of tritium distribution of groundwater based on the fact that the Guodishan fault, the largest one within the coalfield, is divided into permeable (southern and northern) and impermeable (middle) sections. The evolution of groundwater chemistry, the suitability of geothermometers and the feature of karst development were deduced and discussed using the speciation modeling and mass balance approach. Project partially supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation.