Modification of agriculture landscape in three-river area in Xizang

Ｔｈｅｔｈｒｅｅｒｉｖｅｒａｒｅａ（ｔｈｅｍｉｄｄｌｅｄｒａｉｎａｇｅａｒｅａｏｆｔｈｅＹａｒｌｕｎｇＺａｎｇｂｏＲｉｖｅｒｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｉｔｓｔｒｉｂｕｔａｒｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＬｈａｓａＲｉｖｅｒａｎｄｔｈｅＮｙａｎｇｑｕＲｉｖｅｒ）ｉｓａｎｅｃｏ...     

1961-2017年京津冀地区寒潮活动特征

基于1961—2017年京津冀地区126个气象观测站逐日最低气温和降水资料,分析该区域寒潮发生频次时空变化特征,在此基础上通过定义的干湿判别指标分析区域性寒潮的干湿特征。结果表明：(1)京津冀地区单站寒潮年平均发生频次空间分布呈西北多东南少,86%的站点寒潮年发生频次呈减少趋势。(2)1961—2017年寒潮累计发生站次呈显著减少趋势(P<0.001),气候倾向率为-5.7站次·a^-1,且在1983年发生突变。1961—1971年寒潮累计发生站次出现峰值,从1972年开始锐减,2007—2017年寒潮平均发生站次为历史最少。(3)1961—2017年区域性寒潮发生频次年际变化总体呈递减趋势,气候倾向率为-0.282次·(10 a)^-1, 1960年代冬季区域性寒潮发生频次最多,1970年代秋季和春季最多,2000年代冬季和春季为次高峰期,2011—2017年3个季节最少。区域性寒潮发生频次季节分布中以秋季出现最多、其次是冬季、春季最少;10月、11月寒潮最为活跃。(4)京津冀地区区域性寒潮过程干过程发生频次最多,2011—2017年区域...     

东亚冬季风异常对区域气溶胶分布的影响

气溶胶已是东亚地区最主要的大气污染物之一,其时空分布会受到东亚季风气候的影响.利用2000～2014年MODIS/AOD (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer/Aerosol Optical Depth)和NCEP月平均气象场再分析资料,本研究分析了东亚冬季风长期...     

Vegetation Index Reconstruction and Linkage with Drought for the Source Region of the Yangtze River Based on Tree-ring Data

Variations in vegetation are closely related to climate change, but understanding of their characteristics and causes remains limited. As a typical semi-humid and semi-arid cold plateau region, it is important to understand the knowledge of long term Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) variations and find the potential causes in the source region of the Yangtze River. Based on four tree-ring width chronologies, the regional mean NDVI for July and August spanning the period 1665–2013 was reconstructed using a regression model, and it explained 43.9% of the total variance during the period 1981–2013. In decadal, the reconstructed NDVI showed eight growth stages(1754–1764, 1766–1783, 1794–1811, 1828–1838, 1843–1855, 1862–1873, 1897–1909, and 1932–1945)and four degradation stages(1679–1698, 1726–1753, 1910–1923, and 1988–2000). And based on wavelet analysis, significant cycles of2–3 yr and 3–8 yr were identified. In additional, there was a significant positive correlation between the NDVI and the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI) during the past 349 yr, and they were mainly in phase. However, according to the results of correlation analysis between different grades of drought/wet and NDVI, there was significant asymmetry in extreme drought years and extreme wet years. In extreme drought years, NDVI was positively correlated with PDSI, and in extreme wet years they were negatively correlated.     

北京夏季强热岛分析及数值模拟研究

应用北京地区20个常规地面气象站、2个自动气象站和中国科学院大气物理研究所325m气象铁塔的资料,对北京2003年7月热岛状况进行了统计分析,发现北京夏季夜间存在强热岛效应,夏季夜间存在强热岛效应的天数占到了1/3,强弱热岛天数合计占到了大约4/5。进一步分析7月1日强热岛特征及其气象影响因子,结果表明：夜间存在强热岛时,郊区所有测站的地面气温都要低于主城区地面气温,城市强热岛的高温中心在天安门和白家庄连线的主城区;白天日照充足的晴夜,日落后城区320m以下低层大气存在逆温和弱的风速,城区地面气温下降速率和幅度均远小于郊区,城市强热岛因此得以形成和维持。日出后至正午,北京北部郊区日照时间比城区长,郊区地面大气得到来自太阳辐射的能量多于城区,而太阳辐射的加热作用使城区低层大气逆温消失,大气稳定度减弱,并使郊区地面气温上升速率和幅度大于城区,最终导致夜间出现的强热岛减弱、消失。此外,应用MM5模式对强热岛进行了初步数值模拟研究,发现在MM5中考虑城市人为热和热储存,可以改善模式对热岛的数值模拟,表明城市人为热和热储存在夏季强热岛的形成中有重要作用。     

The influence of the Insight-HXMT/LE time response on timing analysis

The LE is the low energy telescope that is carried on Insight-HXMT.It uses swept charge devices(SCDs)to detect soft X-ray photons.LE’s time response is caused by the structure of the SCDs.With theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations we discuss the influence of LE time response(LTR)on the timing analysis from three aspects:the power spectral density,the pulse profile and the time lag.After the LTR,the value of power spectral density monotonously decreases with the increasing frequency.The power spectral density of a sinusoidal signal reduces by a half at frequency 536 Hz.The corresponding frequency for quasi-periodic oscillation(QPO)signals is 458 Hz.The root mean square(RMS)of QPOs holds a similar behaviour.After the LTR,the centroid frequency and full width at half maxima(FWHM)of QPOs signals do not change.The LTR reduces the RMS of pulse profiles and shifts the pulse phase.In the time domain,the LTR only reduces the peak value of the cross-correlation function while it does not change the peak position;thus it will not affect the result of the time lag.When considering the time lag obtained from two instruments and one among them is LE,a 1.18 ms lag is expected caused by the LTR.The time lag calculated in the frequency domain is the same as that in the time domain.     

面向对象高分遥感影像典型自然地物半自动提取

针对目前高空间分辨率遥感影像(简称高分遥感影像)地物全自动提取无法完全实现的现实,本文结合自然地物的光谱和纹理特征,提出一种面向对象的高分遥感影像典型自然地物半自动提取方法.首先构建最小生成树(Minimum Spanning Tree,MST)进行影像初始分割,根据影像灰度平均归一化值和标准差统计对象的光谱、纹理等特...     

浅地层剖面仪GeoChirp Ⅱ图像中风浪变形效应的校正方法初探

当海面风浪较大时,测量船的摇摆会引起浅地层剖面图像的畸变,因此有必要研究风浪对浅地层剖面图像的影响及图像中风浪效应的校正方法,其中的关键问题是区分风浪效应和真实的沙波等海底床面形态。本文利用浅地层剖面仪GeoChirpⅡ在长江口所获得的浅剖图像对校正方法进行了研究。在所研究的实例中,海底周期性起伏的地形不是沙波,而是风浪效应引起的,用带阻滤波的方法可有效消除浅剖图像中的风浪效应,从而恢复真实的海底地形和地层形态。     

Mesozoic-Cenozoic Basin Features and Evolution of Southeast China

The Late Triassic to Paleogene(T_3-E) basin occupies an area of 143100 km~2,being the sixth area of the whole of SE China;the total area of synchronous granitoid is about 127300 km~2;it provides a key for understanding the tectonic evolution of South China.From a new 1:1500000 geological map of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basins of SE China,combined with analysis of geometrical and petrological features,some new insights of basin tectonics are obtained.Advances include petrotectonic assemblages, basin classification of geodynamics,geometric features,relations of basin and range.According to basin-forming geodynamicai mechanisms,the Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin of SE China can be divided into three types,namely:1) para-foreland basin formed from Late Triassic to Early Jurassic(T_3-J_1) under compressional conditions;2) rift basins formed during the Middle Jurassic(J_2) under a strongly extensional setting;and 3) a faulted depression formed during Early Cretaceous to Paleogene (K_1-E) under back-arc extension action.From the rock assemblages of the basin,the faulted depression can be subdivided into a volcanic-sedimentary type formed mainly during the Early Cretaceous(K_1) and a red -bed type formed from Late Cretaceous to Paleogene(K_2-E).Statistical data suggest that the area of all para-foreland basins(T_3-J_1) is 15120 km~2,one of rift basins(J_2) occupies 4640 km~2,and all faulted depressions equal to 124330 km~2 including the K_2-E red-bed basins of 37850 km~2.The Early Mesozoic (T_3-J_1) basin and granite were mostly co-generated under a post-collision compression background, while the basins from Middle Jurassic to Paleogene(J_2-E) were mainly constrained by regional extensional tectonics.Three geological and geographical zones were surveyed,namely:1)the Wuyishan separating zone of paleogeography and climate from Middle Jurassic to Tertiary;2)the Middle Jurassic rift zone;and 3)the Ganjiang separating zone of Late Mesozoic volcanism.Three types of basin-granite relationships have been identified,including compressional(a few),strike-slip(a few), and extensional(common).A three-stage geodynamical evolution of the SE-China basin is mooted:an Early Mesozoic basin-granite framework;a transitional Middle Jurassic tectonic regime; intracontinental extension and red-bed faulted depressions since the Late Cretaceous.     

Isozymes Analysis of the Golden Cuttlefish Sepia esculenta (Cephalopoda: Sepiidae)

1　Introduction　ThegoldencuttlefishSepiaesculenta,aneriticanddemersalspecies,livesinthedepthof 1 0 - 1 0 0meters,andsometimesinseabottomsand .Itiswidelydistrib utedfromcentralHonshutoVietnamandthePhilip pines .Thegoldencuttlefishisalsoanimportantobjectof…