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11.
Laurence Le Callonnec Alain Person Maurice Renard René Létolle Nathalie Nebout Leila Ben Khelifa Ivan Rubanov 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2005,337(12):1035-1044
The withdrawal of the Aral Sea tributaries (Amu and Syr Daria) for cultures has led to significant falls of its level and an important increase in its salinity. During the Holocene, a succession of low and high water inputs occurred. Silty deposits correspond to the high levels and carbonates to the low levels. This study makes a distinction between the Syr Daria and the Amu Daria water inputs during low-level periods by using mineralogical and chemical compositions of the carbonates deposits. Waters from the Syr Daria are more sulphatic and have a low iron content in comparison with that of the Amu Daria. The Syr Daria was the major tributary around 7500, 4956 and 970 yr?BP, whereas around 6200 and 3610 yr?BP, inflow also from the Amu Daria is observed. To cite this article: L. Le Callonnec et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005). 相似文献
12.
13.
Quantifying flows along hydrological pathways by applying a new filtering algorithm in conjunction with master recession curve analysis 下载免费PDF全文
Ronan J. O'Brien Bruce D. Misstear Laurence W. Gill Paul M. Johnston Raymond Flynn 《水文研究》2014,28(26):6211-6221
Quantifying the proportion of the river hydrograph derived from the different hydrological pathways is essential for understanding the behaviour of a catchment. This paper describes a new approach using the output from master recession curve analysis to inform a new algorithm based on the Lyne and Hollick ‘one‐parameter’ signal analysis filtering algorithm. This approach was applied to six catchments (including two subcatchments of these) in Ireland. The conceptual model for each catchment consists of four main flow pathways: overland flow, interflow, shallow groundwater and deep groundwater. The results were compared with those of the master recession curve analysis, a recharge coefficient approach developed in Ireland and the semi‐distributed, lumped and deterministic hydrological model Nedbør‐Afstrømings‐Model. The new algorithm removes the ‘free variable’ aspect that is typically associated with filtering algorithms and provides a means of estimating the contribution of each pathway that is consistent with the results of hydrograph separation in catchments that are dominated by quick response pathways. These types of catchments are underlain by poorly productive aquifers that are not capable of providing large baseflows in the river. Such aquifers underlie over 73% of Ireland, ensuring that this new algorithm is applicable in the majority of catchments in Ireland and potentially in those catchments internationally that are strongly influenced by the quick‐responding hydrological pathways. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
Simone Z. Leao Laurence Troy Scott N. Lieske Bill Randolph Chris Pettit 《GeoJournal》2018,83(6):1373-1392
Urban densification trends combined with redevelopment increasingly moving away from large former industrial and transport sites toward existing town centres and corridors indicate redevelopment is becoming increasingly complex, difficult to plan for and undertake. The interplay between land and property markets and planning frameworks suggest city planners and urban researchers need new tools and methodologies to gain insights into ways to deliver effective responses. Despite the need, there is a limited availability of comprehensive models to fulfil the task. This paper describes a GIS-based tool to assess parcel-level financial feasibility and housing supply associated with urban redevelopment within a precinct. The tool incorporates existing and potential built form and parameters associated with the planning framework and land and property markets. Using a real case study in a workshop, tool performance was evaluated by professional urban planners in terms of its capacity to produce metrics and visualisations of potential scenarios of redevelopment. Results indicate the usefulness of the tool for emulating land market conditions and testing scenarios of planning regulation and market changes for strategic planning purposes. 相似文献
15.
Philipp R. Heck Christopher Herd Jeffrey N. Grossman Dmitry Badjukov Audrey Bouvier Emma Bullock Hasnaa Chennaoui‐Aoudjehane Vinciane Debaille Tasha L. Dunn Denton S. Ebel Ludovic Ferrire Laurence Garvie Jrme Gattacceca Matthieu Gounelle Richard Herd Trevor Ireland Emmanuel Jacquet Robert J. Macke Tim McCoy Francis M. McCubbin Takashi Mikouchi Knut Metzler Mathieu Roskosz Caroline Smith Meenakshi Wadhwa Linda Welzenbach‐Fries Toru Yada Akira Yamaguchi Ryan A. Zeigler Michael Zolensky 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2019,54(7):1397-1400
16.
Li-Chung Wu Dong-Jiing Doong Beng-Chun Lee Laurence Zsu-Hsin Chuang Chia Chuen Kao 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2008,29(1):43-50
The purpose of this study is to discuss the influence of signal nonlinearity upon X-band radar observations. A method for
estimating the degree of nonlinearity by bispectral analysis was applied and discussed. We found that bispectral analyses
from spatial radar backscatter series are similar to results obtained from water level time series. In addition, the average
nonlinear degree from radar backscatter is related to wind speed. The accuracy of wave observations derived by consideration
of the nonlinear effect from radar backscatter was also investigated. The estimated error in wave height from the radar data
is also related to the degree of nonlinearity. In order to improve accuracy, the modulation transfer function method was applied
in order to eliminate the influence of nonlinearity. 相似文献
17.
James R. Ledwell Dennis J. McGillicuddy Jr. Laurence A. Anderson 《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2008,55(10-13):1139
An intense deep chlorophyll layer in the Sargasso Sea was reported near the center of an anticyclonic mode-water eddy by McGillicuddy et al. [2007. Eddy–wind interactions stimulate extraordinary mid-ocean plankton blooms, Science, accepted]. The high chlorophyll was associated with anomalously high concentrations of diatoms and with a maximum in the vertical profile of 14C primary productivity. Here we report tracer measurements of the vertical advection and turbulent diffusion of deep-water nutrients into this chlorophyll layer. Tracer released in the chlorophyll layer revealed upward motion relative to isopycnal surfaces of about 0.4 m/d, due to solar heating and mixing. The density surfaces themselves shoaled by about 0.1 m/d. The upward flux of dissolved inorganic nitrogen, averaged over 36 days, was approximately 0.6 mmol/m2/d due to both upwelling and mixing. This flux is about 40% of the basin wide, annually averaged, nitrogen flux required to drive the annual new production in the Sargasso Sea, estimated from the oxygen cycle in the euphotic zone, the oxygen demand below the euphotic zone, and from the 3He excess in the mixed layer. The observed upwelling of the fluid was consistent with theoretical models [Dewar, W.K., Flierl, G.R., 1987. Some effects of wind on rings. Journal of Physical Oceanography 17, 1653–1667; Martin, A.P., Richards, K.J., 2001. Mechanisms for vertical nutrient transport within a North Atlantic mesoscale eddy. Deep-Sea Research II 48, 757–773] in which eddy surface currents cause spatial variations in surface stress. The diapycnal diffusivity at the base of the euphotic zone was 3.5±0.5×10−5 m2/s. Diapycnal mixing was probably enhanced over more typical values by the series of storms passing over the eddy during the experiment and may have been enhanced further by the trapping of near-inertial waves generated within the eddy. 相似文献
18.
Francisco J. Flores-Verdugo John W. Day Laurence Mee Raquel Briseño-Dueñas 《Estuaries and Coasts》1988,11(1):51-56
Plankton metabolism andRuppia maritima biomass were measured seasonally during 1982–83 in El Verde Lagoon, a small coastal lagoon with an ephemeral inlet on the Pacific Coast of Mexico. Total net aquatic primary production was 521 g C m?2 y?1. The water column was slightly heterotrophic, with an annual P/R ratio of 0.89. Our analysis indicates that tropical and subtropical coastal lagoons with restricted or seasonal inlets have generally higher net aquatic primary productivity levels than lagoons with permanently open inlets. We hypothesize that this is due to retention of nutrients and plankton stocks during the dry season. The seasonal pattern of water column metabolism was related to rainfall and riverflow, with higher values generally occurring during the wet season. Net production and respiration were about three times lower during the 1982 dry season as compared to the 1983 dry season which received considerable rains due to abnormal climatic conditions. The biomass ofR. maritima ranged from zero to 620 g dry wt m?2. Growth occurred only during the dry season and there were two distinct biomass peaks representing two separate crops. The second crop was heavily epiphytized with nitrogen-fixing algae. There was an apparent succession in dominance of water column productivity over the year, withRuppia dominating during the dry season and phytoplankton more important during the wet season. 相似文献
19.
Measurements of rainfall, runoff and sediment export from a barren deposit of coal mine refuse in south-western Indiana were collected during three storms in the summer and autumn of 1990. Interfluve sheetwash, sediment mass flux, sediment concentration and, to a lesser extent, trunk gully discharge all responded quickly to changes in rainfall intensity. Grain-size distributions varied considerably during storms, containing exclusively fine-grained sediment at low sediment discharges but very large quantities of coarse (> 2mm) sediment at peak sediment discharges. Although data from a fairly long, multipulsed storm indicate that sediment production is limited by supply, the imbricated layer of flat chips that exists at the surface of the deposit is apparently mobilized during most high-intensity pulses of rainfall, thereby producing large volumes of coarse sediment during summer thunderstorms. 相似文献
20.
Sokrat Amataj Todor Anovski Ralf Benischke Romeo Eftimi Laurence L. Gourcy Liliana Kola Ioannis Leontiadis Eftim Micevski Alqiviadis Stamos Jovan Zoto 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(5):749-753
Prespa Lake and Ohrid Lake constitute a hydraulic system shared between Albania, FYR of Macedonia and Greece. Karst rocks
separate both lakes. The elevation of Prespa Lake is about 150 m higher than that of Ohrid Lake. Considering these facts,
Cvijić formulated in 1906 the hypothesis that Prespa Lake recharges the St. Naum and Tushemisht springs at Ohrid lakeside.
Environmental isotopes demonstrated that Prespa Lake recharges about 37–42 and 52–54% of water emerging in St. Naum, and Tushemisht
springs, respectively. An artificial tracer experiment carried out in 2002 physically demonstrated the underground connection
between both lakes. This experiment confirmed the supposed underground connection and brought important information about
the groundwater velocity, transit time, and karst water conduits development. 相似文献