辽西葫芦岛东部表层调查方法比对实验

地震勘探中,近地表的不均匀性给激发、接收和静校正等工作带来较大困难。辽西葫芦岛东部地表地质条件复杂,浅表层速度及厚度差异大,表层调查工作直接影响到地下介质成像效果。为使该地区首次进行的地震勘探能够获取准确的静校正量数据、给井深设计提供依据、研究适合该区域的表层调查方法,同时为满足国家深部探测项目对实验方法比对研究的需求,结合小折射、地面微测井和井中微测井三种表层调查方法的工作原理,在该工区分别应用三种方法做同点比对实验,分析了不同调查方法的适用性及精确度。结果表明,三种方法得到的结果与岩性录井结果一致,均能有效探测高速层埋深,指导井深设计,其中:小折射成本较低,适合地面较平坦区段,虽然不够精细,但能够准确找到高速层,可用于井深设计或作为微测井方法的补充;地面微测井适合山高无水或者造山破碎带造成钻井严重漏水的地区,需要井中检波器与大地良好耦合;井中微测井最为精确,探测层位更为精细,能分辨更多层位,与岩性录井结果最接近,在静校正量获取方面具有明显优势。通过三种表层调查的比对,分析了不同方法的适用范围,为该工区选择合适的表层调查方法及方法参数选取提供依据,同时为其他地表复杂区域进行表层调查提供参考。     

秦岭造山带泥盆纪的沉积体系与古地理格局演化

秦岭造山带以商丹断裂带为界分为南秦岭和北秦岭。南秦岭在早古生代是扬子板块的被动大陆边缘,在志留纪末曾因垂向隆升变为古陆。因其南缘长期处于地幔上涌的构造薄弱带,所以到泥盆纪首先从这里开始扩 张,并逐渐演化成有限洋盆,与扬子板块分离,成为独立的板块,内部也因拉张形成裂陷盆地与块断隆起相间的环境格局。其自南而北依次为安康古陆→旬阳-镇安盆地→小磨岭古陆→刘岭盆地。在盆地内堆积了从陆相到海相,从浅水到深水的各种沉积体系,组成向上变细和变深的充填序列。而在北侧,该板块仍在向华北板块下面俯冲。北秦岭南缘的弧前沉积体系记录了这种俯冲作用的演化。这种与早古生代十分不同的古地理格局标志秦岭造山带已进入了新的演化阶段。     

2016年震情述评

<正>1 SURVEY OF GLOBAL SEISMICITY A total of 17 strong earthquakes with MS≥7.0 occurred in 2016(by the end of December31,2016)throughout the world,according to the China Seismic Network.Among them,one earthquake with M_S8.0 occurred on November 13,2016 in New Zealand(Fig.1).The 2016New Zealand M_S8.0 earthquake(M_W7.8 measured by USGS)was the strongest one     

2018年云南通海2次5.0级地震人员受伤情况分析

收集整理了2018年云南省通海县2次5.0级地震造成的31名受伤人员详细资料,对受伤人员空间分布、年龄分布、性别分布、伤情特征进行分析,得出通海地震受伤人员具有震感较强区域和人口稠密区受伤人数多、女性和老年人受伤率较高、骨折和软组织损伤居多等特征;同时,从致伤直接原因、地震强度、发震时间、人口密度、余震序列等方面对本次地震受伤原因进行分析。结果表明:震害叠加、震区人口密度高、发震时间在深夜、灾区群众对地震反应较为敏感等因素是造成此次地震人员受伤较多的重要原因。     

云环境下的云南地震应急指挥技术软件系统设计与实现

基于云南地震应急指挥技术软件系统现状与使用中发现的问题,结合新的应急需求与应用技术,对其在弹性资源调用、空间算法、多线程并行运算等多个方面进行了优化,设计了云环境下的云南地震应急指挥技术软件系统,并对新旧软件系统的运行指标进行了对比分析。结果表明:采用了微服务架构的新软件系统,在运算速度、资源使用效率、服务形式、运维难度等多方面均优于现用软件系统,更加适应目前云南省内地震应急的新需求。     

Study of the seismic performance of hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE (mechanically stabilized earth) wall

The Hybrid A-Frame Micropile/MSE(mechanically stabilized earth) Wall suitable for mountain roadways is put forward in this study: a pair of vertical and inclined micropiles goes through the backfill region of a highway MSE Wall from the road surface and are then anchored into the foundation. The pile cap and grade beam are placed on the pile tops, and then a road barrier is connected to the grade beam by connecting pieces. The MSE wall's global stability, local stability and impact resistance of the road barrier can be enhanced simultaneously by this design. In order to validate the serviceability of the hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE wall and the reliability of the numerical method, scale model tests and a corresponding numerical simulation were conducted. Then, the seismic performance of the MSE walls before and after reinforcement with micropiles was studied comparatively through numerical methods. The results indicate that the hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE wall can effectively control earthquake-induced deformation, differential settlement at the road surface, bearing pressure on the bottom and acceleration by means of a rigid-soft combination of micropiles and MSE. The accumulated displacement under earthquakes with amplitude of 0.1-0.5g is reduced by 36.3%-46.5%, and the acceleration amplification factor on the top of the wall is reduced by 13.4%, 15.7% and 19.3% based on 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5g input earthquake loading, respectively.In addition, the earthquake-induced failure mode of the MSE wall in steep terrain is the sliding of the MSE region along the backslope, while the micropiles effectively control the sliding trend. The maximum earthquake-induced pile bending moment is in the interface between MSE and slope foundation, so it is necessary to strengthen the reinforcement of the pile body in the interface. Hence, it is proven that the hybrid A-frame micropile/MSE wall system has good seismic performance.     

波浪作用下涵洞式直立堤水体交换特性研究

基于计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟和物理模型试验结合的方式,开展涵洞式直立堤在波浪作用下的水体交换研究。CFD数值模拟采用VPM (volume-average/point-value method)-THINC (tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing)/QQ (quadratic surface representation and Gaussian quadrature)模型,并在此基础上提出一种能够标记涵洞内外水体变化的双液相流体体积模型(VOF)方法,定性及定量描述涵洞内外水体的交换特性;物理模型试验主要用来验证数值模型的准确性。研究表明,在波浪的作用下,涵洞内部会形成一股往复振荡的水流,对水体交换起到重要的作用。该振荡流主要受到涵洞高度、波浪周期以及波高的影响,涵洞深度对其影响不大。在波浪长时间的作用下,涵洞式直立堤能有效地增强港池内外水体交换。     

胶东中生代巨量金矿堆积的深大断裂-临界水耦合成矿机制新探

通过对胶东金矿地质背景和成矿特征研究的总结与分析,依据热液矿床水相变控矿理论,探索胶东地区高密度聚集巨量金矿的原因.研究发现,两期次降压驱动成矿物质运动和临界水的(温度和压力都达到水临界值时的水,下同)特殊性质是两个重要因素.在此基础上,文章提出胶东巨量金聚集成矿的深大断裂-临界成矿机制,即"一饼加一刀"的成矿机制:老...     

The critical stage for inducing oviparity and embryonic diapause in parthenogenetic Artemia(Crustacea: Anostraca): an experimental study

The brine shrimp Artemia exhibits two reproductive modes:1)oviparity,producing diapause embryos;and 2)ovoviviparity,producing free-swimming nauplii.Previous studies have suggested the existence of a critical stage that determines the reproductive mode.Physicochemical factors,such as photoperiod,temperature,and salinity,have been suggested to irreversibly affect the reproductive mode of oocytes during this critical stage.In this study,experiments were carried out using a photoperiod and temperature-sensitive parthenogenetic Artemia clone where maternal Artemia were shifted bidirectionally between ovoviviparity(18 h L:6 h D,27℃)and oviparity(6 h L:18 h D,19℃)culture conditions.In the main experiment(Artemia shifted at six different stages including the post-larva Ⅱ to adult Ⅱ),the reproductive mode of first brood was converted when shifting was performed on post-larva II and III but was not converted when females were shifted after post-larva Ⅲ.A supplementary experiment further revealed that the reproductive mode of first brood could be altered when shifting females at an "early phase of postlarva Ⅳ",characterized by a developing ovisac reaching the middle of the third abdominal segment,ventral spines,and some oocytes growing larger than the others.In both experiments,reproductive modes of the second brood were significantly affected when the shifting was performed on post-larva Ⅳ.These results suggest that the critical stage for inducing oviparity and embryonic diapause is at the previtellogenic stage of oocytes,or at maternal "early phase of post-larva Ⅳ" for the first-brood offspring.During this stage,differential gene expression patterns of the two destined oocytes may be triggered by the token stimuli signals received by the oocytes.