广西高龙金矿床存在热水沉积事件的地球化学证据

对高龙金矿石地球化学分析研究表明 ,矿床存在热水沉积事件 ,热水沉积对金的富集成矿有重要意义     

UAVRS影像空中三角测量实验研究

无人飞行器低空遥感系统(UAV Low Altitude Remote Sensing System简称UAVRS系统)适合于在阴云山区低空获取高分辨率垂直和倾斜影像,但获取的影像存在像幅小、数量多、基线短、重叠度不规则且倾角过大等问题,而这些问题,都是国内外现有的数字摄影测量系统面临的新问题。本文提出以带权观测值光束法平差解决UAVRS复杂影像区域网的空中三角测量问题的方法。其技术要点在于,从提高单模型定向的精度出发,以单模型定向元素为基础构建自由区域网,为带权观测值光束法平差提供有效初值。经试验表明,空三加密点的平面精度为0.386m,高程精度为0.525m,基本能达到1∶2000地形图测图的要求。     

An Adaptive Supervised Nonlinear Feature Extraction for Hyperspectral Imagery Classification

In this paper, an improved version of locally linear Embedding is proposed. In the proposed method, spectral correlation angle is invited to describe the distance between data points, which is expected to fit the hyperspectral image (HSI). The neighborhood graph of the data points is constructed based on supervised method. Different from traditional supervised feature extraction methods, the weight factors, which are used to control the transform, are adaptively achieved. In this way, the input arguments of original algorithm are not increased. To justify the effectiveness of the proposed method, experiments are conducted on two HSIs. Results show that the proposed method can improve the separability of HSI especially in low dimensions.     

An efficient solution of real-time data processing for multi-GNSS network

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are acting as an indispensable tool for geodetic research and global monitoring of the Earth, and they have been rapidly developed over the past few years with abundant GNSS networks, modern constellations, and significant improvement in mathematic models of data processing. However, due to the increasing number of satellites and stations, the computational efficiency becomes a key issue and it could hamper the further development of GNSS applications. In this contribution, this problem is overcome from the aspects of both dense linear algebra algorithms and GNSS processing strategy. First, in order to fully explore the power of modern microprocessors, the square root information filter solution based on the blocked QR factorization employing as many matrix–matrix operations as possible is introduced. In addition, the algorithm complexity of GNSS data processing is further decreased by centralizing the carrier-phase observations and ambiguity parameters, as well as performing the real-time ambiguity resolution and elimination. Based on the QR factorization of the simulated matrix, we can conclude that compared to unblocked QR factorization, the blocked QR factorization can greatly improve processing efficiency with a magnitude of nearly two orders on a personal computer with four 3.30 GHz cores. Then, with 82 globally distributed stations, the processing efficiency is further validated in multi-GNSS (GPS/BDS/Galileo) satellite clock estimation. The results suggest that it will take about 31.38 s per epoch for the unblocked method. While, without any loss of accuracy, it only takes 0.50 and 0.31 s for our new algorithm per epoch for float and fixed clock solutions, respectively.     

Three-frequency BDS precise point positioning ambiguity resolution based on raw observables

All BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS) satellites are transmitting signals on three frequencies, which brings new opportunity and challenges for high-accuracy precise point positioning (PPP) with ambiguity resolution (AR). This paper proposes an effective uncalibrated phase delay (UPD) estimation and AR strategy which is based on a raw PPP model. First, triple-frequency raw PPP models are developed. The observation model and stochastic model are designed and extended to accommodate the third frequency. Then, the UPD is parameterized in raw frequency form while estimating with the high-precision and low-noise integer linear combination of float ambiguity which are derived by ambiguity decorrelation. Third, with UPD corrected, the LAMBDA method is used for resolving full or partial ambiguities which can be fixed. This method can be easily and flexibly extended for dual-, triple- or even more frequency. To verify the effectiveness and performance of triple-frequency PPP AR, tests with real BDS data from 90 stations lasting for 21 days were performed in static mode. Data were processed with three strategies: BDS triple-frequency ambiguity-float PPP, BDS triple-frequency PPP with dual-frequency (B1/B2) and three-frequency AR, respectively. Numerous experiment results showed that compared with the ambiguity-float solution, the performance in terms of convergence time and positioning biases can be significantly improved by AR. Among three groups of solutions, the triple-frequency PPP AR achieved the best performance. Compared with dual-frequency AR, additional the third frequency could apparently improve the position estimations during the initialization phase and under constraint environments when the dual-frequency PPP AR is limited by few satellite numbers.     

跨比例尺新旧居民地目标变化分析与决策树识别

变化分析与探测是跨比例尺地图数据更新的核心问题之一。以往研究主要关注时间维上地理实体时空演化引起的地图目标变化,甚至将地图目标变化等同于地理实体真实变化,忽略了尺度维上由地图综合导致的表达变化。本文以居民地数据为例,从表层形式和深层缘由对跨比例尺新旧地图数据间的目标变化进行深入分析。在此基础上,引入机器学习领域的决策树方法构建变化信息识别模型。该模型的目标是判别时态变化和表达变化两种类型,从而提取用于更新小比例尺地图数据的真正变化信息。结合广州市多比例尺地图数据库更新任务及实际数据进行验证,结果显示设计的变化探测模型可以达到90%以上的整体精度。     

面向过程的城市公共安全风险监测评估建模方法

在虚拟地理环境（virtual geographic environments,VGE）的研究中,城市公共安全作为一种典型的应用,致力于实现风险的认知与表达。然而,针对城市突发公共事件风险评估的共享管理需求与即时性需求,尚缺乏一种面向过程的风险监测与评估的表达方法,难以提供快速、全面的决策支持。针对此问题,本文首先基于元对象设施（meta object facility,MOF）建模架构,提出统一时空框架下面向过程的风险评估建模方法,实现风险监测评估方法的共享与重用,并提供面向过程的即时风险评估个性化信息服务。其次,设计了风险评估过程管理原型系统,实现风险评估过程建模、注册、执行和可视化等功能。最后,通过试验模拟太原市燃气泄漏事件作为应用案例,验证了方法的可行性。     

一种由粗到精的机载激光测深信号检测方法

针对机载激光测深（airborne lidar bathymetry,ALB）中不同环境下波形的差异性较大,且信号检测精度受限于系统采样间隔等问题,提出一种由粗到精的机载激光测深信号检测方法。该方法首先利用接收波形的有效长度快速估计水深;粗检测依据水深近似值,分别采用理查德森-露西去卷积法（Richardson-Lucy deconvolution,RLD）和平均差方函数法（average square difference function,ASDF）对波形预处理,通过包含距离、导数和极值约束的逐级检测确定信号的初始位置;精检测以粗检测结果为初值,利用改进的二阶多项式指数函数模型,并在模型参数求解中引入信赖域优化算法以实现波形的精确拟合,进而获得信号的精确位置。实测数据和模拟数据的试验结果表明,粗检测能够根据波形的特点采取相应的处理方式为精检测提供可靠的初值;精检测可将检测结果精确至子采样间隔并在粗检测基础上进一步提高精度。与极大值检测、ASDF、RLD和四边形拟合法等传统方法相比,本文方法正确率平均提高10%左右,精度平均提高约30%。     

基于影像方位信息的三维建模关键技术研究与应用

三维模型以其直观性、客观性和真实性等特性,成为数字城市建设的重要组成部分。本文针对传统三维建模纹理检索、纹理映射存在的一些问题,主要利用纹理、模型的方位信息,对三维建模的关键技术纹理检索、纹理映射进行研究,改进传统三维建模纹理检索不高的缺陷,并利用OpenGL纹理映射进行三维建模实验,通过实验验证本文讨论方法的可行性,以期在实际的三维建模生产中能够进行应用。