西藏西部冈仁波齐花岗闪长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义

冈底斯岩带西段冈仁波齐岩体斑状花岗闪长岩中的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄测定结果为48.3Ma±1.5Ma,该年龄反映了冈仁波齐花岗闪长岩体的侵位或结晶年龄,属于喜马拉雅期,相当于中始新世。岩体的形成时间略晚于印度-欧亚大陆初始碰撞的时间,为两大陆碰撞作用过程中的产物,属同碰撞花岗岩。     

The First Observation on Plant Cell Fossils in China

For a long time, paleontologists have been focusing on hard parts of organisms during different geological periods while soft parts are rarely reported. Well-preserved plant cells, if found in fossils, are treated only as a rarity. Recent prowess in research on fossil cytoplasm indicates that plant cytoplasm not only has excellent ultrastructures preserved but also may be a quite commonly seen fossil in strata. However, up to now there is no report of plant cell fossils in China yet. Here plant cell fossils are reported from Huolinhe Coal Mine （the early Cretaceous）, Inner Mongolia, China. The presence of plant cytoplasm fossils in two cones on the same specimen not only provides further support for the recently proposed hypothesis on plant cytoplasm fossilization but also marks the first record of plant cytoplasm fossils in China, which suggests a great research potential in this new area.     

Application of A Fast Multipole BIEM for Flow Diffraction from A 3D Body

A Fast Multipole Method (FMM) is developed as a numerical approach to the reduction of the computational cost and requirement memory capacity for a large in solving large-scale problems. In this paper it is applied to the boundary integral equation method (BIEM) for current diffraction from arbitrary 3D bodies. The boundary integral equation is discretized by higher order elements, the FMM is applied to avoid the matrix/vector product, and the resulting algebraic equation is solved by the Generalized Conjugate Residual method (GCR). Numerical examination shows that the FMM is more efficient than the direct evaluation method in computational cost and storage of computers.     

胶东荣成榴辉岩中含铜磁黄铁矿出溶结构的磷灰石的发现及其意义

在苏鲁超高压变质带东北部胶东荣成地区的退变金红石榴辉岩中,我们发现了具含铜磁黄铁矿出溶结构的磷灰石。磷灰石在该榴辉岩中含量较高(≈5%),多为不规则形状,颗粒大小不一,粗大者可达1．2mm×0．6mm。样品中几乎所有的磷灰石均发育出溶结构,出溶棒可能分为相互垂直的两组,各自分别沿同一方向分布,出溶棒密度大,形状规则,宽度相似,长度最长可达0．1mm。在扫描电子显微镜下,利用X射线能谱仪测定出溶棒主要由Fe、Cu和S三种元素组成。由于很难准确确定三者的比例,暂将其定为含铜磁黄铁矿((Fe_(1-x)Cu_x)S)。报道的磷灰石含铜磁黄铁矿出溶结构,与江苏赣榆地区磷灰石的磁黄铁矿出溶结构,同产于苏鲁超高压变质带中,具有可对比性；磷灰石中Cu、Fe的溶解度可能是温压条件的函数；因此进一步精确研究磷灰石中这些出溶结构的成分和成因,将为深入探讨苏鲁超高压变质带不同地体变质条件、成因的差异及俯冲折返机制等问题提供重要线索。     

铜陵冬瓜山铜矿成矿流体特征和演化

本文通过对安徽铜陵冬瓜山铜矿床内石英闪长斑岩中石英斑晶和夕卡岩矿物中流体包裹体显微测温及流体氢、氧同位素的研究认为，早期夕卡岩的形成可能涉及到高温岩浆流体过程，而在成矿过程中，以热液流体为主，至少发生了两次构造减压沸腾作用。第一次发生于静岩压力约为112MPa，流体温度主要介于430～465℃之间，盐度介于7．9％～53．7％(NaCl eq．)之间，结果生成大量石英和磁铁矿；第二次发生于静岩压力约为83．6MPa，流体温度集中在340～389℃之间，盐度介于6．6％～52．1oA(NaCl eq．)之间。在成矿近于结束时，有少量大气降水混入，形成了少量低温、低盐度流体。此外，保存在石英斑晶和早期夕卡岩矿物中的高温岩浆流体也曾发生沸腾作用。沸腾作用对冬瓜山铜矿床的形成起到至关重要的作用。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组-上石盒子组三角洲沉积及演化

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部二叠系山西组和石盒子组是重要的天然气产层。综合野外露头和钻井的岩石学、沉积构造、剖面结构特征,分析了鄂尔多斯晚古生代陆内坳陷盆地3个演化阶段沉积充填的差异性,认为盆地形成阶段以大型辫状河潮控三角洲向陆相曲流河三角洲转化为特征;发展阶段以大型陆相辫状河三角洲向陆相曲流河三角洲转化为特征;成熟阶段以发育陆相网结河三角洲为特征,建立了3种适合研究区储集砂体预测和评价的"大平原,小前缘"三角洲模式,提出辫状河三角洲或曲流河三角洲的分流河道、水下分流河道和河口坝形成了粒度较粗、规模较大、厚度较稳定的有利于天然气运移聚集的砂体,是储层发育和分布的最有利相带,网结河三角洲和浅湖沉积了大量泥岩可作为盖层,加上太原组和山西组的聚煤作用,共同形成了该地区的天然气藏的生储盖组合。     

Fluid Geochemical Features and Preservation Conditions of Marine Stratum in Typical Structure of Jianghan Plain Area

Many scholars carried out large quantity of researches on oil and gas preservative conditions of marine carbonate rocks from the aspects of cap rocks,faults,formation water,hydrodynamic,and tectonism.This article gives dynamic evaluation on oil and gas preservative conditions of marine stratum in Jianghan(江汉) plain of multiphase tectonic disturbance from the view of paleofluid geochemistry.The conclusion shows that there mainly existed fluid filling of two periods in the reservoir of Lower-Middle Triassic t...     

三种主要干扰造成中国森林植被向大气中的碳排放量

对重要干扰过程导致森林植被向大气中的碳排放量进行评估,对于合理评估森林碳汇功能及其在应对全球气候变化中的作用是有重要意义的。本文基于有关森林干扰发生情况的林业统计资料和有关干扰引起生物量C转移过程与比例的假设条件,估算了近20年来采伐、火灾与病虫鼠害三种主要干扰每年从森林植被直接排放到大气中的C量。结果表明,近20年来,中国森林遭受了比较强烈的采伐、火灾与病虫鼠害干扰,并且这三种干扰在进入21世纪后有着比较明显的增加趋势。相应地,在1990-2009年间,采伐、火灾与病虫鼠害的C排放量年均分别为3425.16万tC、161.29万tC、428.80万tC,合计为4015.24万t。三种干扰的总C排放量在1990-1999年间年均为3079.40万t,在2000-2009年间年均为4951.09万t。从不同森林类型分布区的排放来看,中国森林主要干扰的年均C排放量及其年代际变化呈现比较明显的区域特征。干扰对中国森林碳平衡有着重大影响,针对干扰的森林管理可能具有较大的增汇潜力,并且在未来有关森林与陆地生态系统碳收支的模型研究中需考虑主要干扰的影响。     

Free Radicals in Organic Matter for Thermal History Reconstruction of Carbonate Succession

Geothermometer is one of the most useful methods to reconstruct the thermal history of sedimentary basins. This paper introduces the application of free radicals concentration of organic matter as a thermal indicator in the thermal history reconstruction of carbonate succession, based on anhydrous thermal simulation results of type I and H1 kerogen. A series of free radicals data are obtained under thermal simulation of different heating temperatures and times, and quantitative modds between free radical concentration （Ng） of organic matter and time-temperature index （TTI） for types I and type H1 kerogen are also obtained. This Ng.TTI relation was used to model the Ordovician thermal gradients of Well TZ12 in the Tarim Basin. The modeling result is corresponding to the results obtained by apatite fission track data and published data. This new method of thermal history reconstruction will be benefit to the hydrocarbon generation and accumulation study and resource assessment of carbonate succession.     

长江中下游地区白垩纪富碱火山岩浆作用

根据长江中下游地区中生代火山岩与成矿作用的研究现状, 选择研究工作较为薄弱的、最东端的溧水盆地火山岩为研究对象, 进行了详细的锆石U-Pb同位素分析, 并结合本区4个不同中生代火山盆地火山岩地球化学、岩性地层学资料, 对各盆地中4个火山旋回的火山岩进行了对比研究.研究表明: 溧水盆地龙王山组粗面岩的结晶年龄为128Ma, 这标志着长江中下游地区由西向东中生代火山作用的全面展开.4个火山旋回的时代分别为: > 125Ma、125~120Ma、120~110Ma和110~90Ma.庐枞盆地的浮山组与宁芜盆地的姑山组+娘娘山组(即溧水盆地的观山组+甲山组) 对应较为恰当, 应属第三火山旋回.本区白垩世火山岩的地球化学特征, 反映这些幔源碱性岩浆在上升过程中受到了陆壳物质的混染, 早期火山岩(如溧水盆地龙王山组) 则是Sr矿的矿源层.