贵州银厂坡银矿床蚀变过程中组分迁移特征

银厂坡银矿床碳酸盐化蚀变作用与银的矿化富集在空间上紧密相伴,这种蚀变作用导致矿石与围岩中组分有明显差异。本文通过定量计算阐明组分之间的迁移方向;计算表明在银的原生富集过程中,常量组分的带入与带出最不明显;而微量组分Ａｇ和Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｇｅ带入围岩明显。在银的次生富集过程表现为Ａｇ和Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｇａ、Ｇｅ、ＲＥＥ、ＡｌＯ３、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＭｎＯ、Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｐ２Ｏ５的强烈带入,以Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｐ２Ｏ５带入强度最大,这是由于ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ被淋滤,体积亏损造成强烈带入的假象,而Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｖ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ为自围岩中带出组分,以ＣａＯ、ＭｇＯ带出强度最大。ＲＥＥ除原生富集的弱蚀变白岩→矿化白云岩表现为带出外,其余原富集过程均表现为带入围岩。造成组分发生迁     

冲积沉积构型单元分析法——原理及其适用性

通过对构型单元分析法原理和构型单元界面定义的回顾并结合对延长组的研究，发现构型单元分析法适用于以冲积作用为主要沉积物搬运方式的沉积地层。对岩性呈渐变过程、界面类型单一、界面级别难以确定、成岩改造强烈、同沉积变形发育以及底辟作用强烈的地层，不宜使用构型单元分析法。在河口湾、潮间带和河流三角洲前缘环境中形成的沉积体也不适合进行构型单元分析。     

东南极伊利莎白公主地LGB65点的雪层密度与剖面特征

对东南极冰盖伊利莎白公主地LGB65点的50m雪芯及雪坑进行了雪层密度与剖面分析。结果表明，该处雪的密实化过程属冷型落实化类型，第一和第二临界密度深度分别为10．4m和60．4m深霜不育，雪层中为数不多的雏形深霜层厚度仅几厘米，多分布在冰壳层的上、下两侧，16．0m以上，发芯透光性的变化不明显，之下，透光性逐渐表现出韵律变化，雪层中辐射壳和风壳频繁出现，其中辐射壳可作为划分年层的重要依据，综合雪层内的各种层位特征，初步划分出LGB65雪芯的年层约为243a，总的年平均积累率为131．9mm，20世纪60年代年积累率低于平均水平，70年代中期以后，;积累率出现大幅度增加，进250a来该处的年积累率呈增大趋势。     

Ra法找矿及其在异常评价中的应用

本文介绍带电收集片测定土等粉末样品的 Ra 含量来找 U 矿的方法,称为 Ra 法。此法灵敏度高,操作简便,成本低,可以使用~(210)Po 法曲仪器和铜片,便于推广使用。文中介绍了测 Ra 流程,测定误差和灵敏度.Ra 法在详查和区调阶段的用途。总结了深部盲矿、地表矿化和非矿异常地段上地表的 Ra、Po 和γ异常的特征,指明 Ra 法和 Po 法结合可用于评价异常,提高找深部铀矿的能力。     

An overview of dry-wet climate variability among monsoon-westerly regions and the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone in China

Climate in mainland China can be divided into the monsoon region in the southeast and the westerly region in the northwest as well as the intercross zone, i.e., the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone that is oriented from Southwest China to the upper Yellow River, North China, and Northeast China. In the three regions, dry-wet climate changes are directly linked to the interaction of the southerly monsoon flow on the east side of the Tibetan Plateau and the westerly flow on the north side of the Plateau from the inter-annual to inter-decadal timescales. Some basic features of climate variability in the three regions for the last half century and the historical hundreds of years are reviewed in this paper. In the last half century, an increasing trend of summer precipitation associated with the enhancing westerly flow is found in the westerly region from Xinjiang to northern parts of North China and Northeast China. On the other hand, an increasing trend of summer precipitation along the Yangtze River and a decreasing trend of summer precipitation along the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone are associated with the weakening monsoon flow in East Asia. Historical documents are widely distributed in the monsoon region for hundreds of years and natural climate proxies are constructed in the non-monsoon region, while two types of climate proxies can be commonly found over the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone. In the monsoon region, dry-wet variation centers are altered among North China, the lower Yangtze River, and South China from one century to another. Dry or wet anomalies are firstly observed along the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone and shifted southward or southeastward to the Yangtze River valley and South China in about a 70-year timescale. Severe drought events are experienced along the monsoon northernmost marginal active zone during the last 5 centuries. Inter-decadal dry-wet variations are depicted by natural proxies for the last 4--5 centuries in several areas over the non-monsoon region. Some questions, such as the impact of global warming on dry-wet regime changes in China, complex interactions between the monsoon and westerly flows in Northeast China, and the integrated multi-proxy analysis throughout all of China, are proposed.     

IMPACTS OF TWO TROPICAL CYCLONES EXPERIENCING EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION DURING NORTHWARD PROGRESSION ON THE RAINFALL OF LIAODONG PENINSULA

Both of Typhoon Winnie (9711) and Matsa (0509) underwent an extratropical transition (ET) process when they moved northward after landfall and affected Liaodong Peninsula. However, Matsa produced half as much rainfall as Winnie, although it struck Liaodong Peninsula directly while Winnie passed through the Bohai Sea. The relations between the ET processes and the precipitation over Liaodong Peninsula are examined. The result shows that the precipitation difference between Winnie and Matsa was closely related to the interactions between the westerly systems and typhoons during their ET processes. Winnie was captured by the upper westerly trough and then coupled with it when moving to the mid-latitudes, and the positive anomaly of moist potential vorticity (MPV) was transported downward from the upper troposphere over the remnant circulation of the tropical cyclone (TC). It was favorable to the interaction between tropical warm and wet air and westerly cold air, causing convective cloud clusters to form and develop. The rain belt composed of several meso-β cloud clusters over the Liaodong Peninsula, resulting in heavy rainfall. On the other hand, Matsa did not couple with any upper trough during its ET process and the positive anomaly of MPV in the upper troposphere and its downward transfer were weak. Only one meso-β cloud cluster occurred in Matsa’s rain belt during its ET process that tended to lessen rainfall over Liaodong Peninsula.     

1983—2015年湖南雨凇时空分布特征及影响因子

采用经验正交函数（EOF）并对1983—2015年湖南省95个地面气象站的雨凇观测资料以及与北半球海冰和西太平洋和东北印度洋海温资料的相关性进行分析。结果表明：湖南各站年均雨凇频次为219次,总体呈现北少南多、山区北侧少南侧多、平原地带少的分布特点;雨凇频次呈逐年下降趋势,且在湖南中北部地区下降趋势显著;湖南雨凇主要发生于相对湿度较大、极大风为偏北风且风速较小、最低气温在-3~0 ℃、最高气温在0~4 ℃的环境中。冬季同期（12月至次年2月）,北地群岛以东至白令海峡以北海域海冰密度和湖南雨凇频次的相关关系为显著正相关关系,而西北太平洋海温和湖南雨凇频次的显著负相关区域表现为C型分布。     

TRP与Logit概率预报模式计算比较分析

本文分别利用TRP模式及Logit模式与MOS相结合的方法,对南京市的能见度及云量进行了24小时概率预报试验。通过对两种模式的比较分析,结果表明：Logit模式的拟合率比TRP模式的高,而在实际预报中,TRP模式的预报准确率高。同时,TRP模式的计算更为方便灵活。     

哈尔滨气温变化特征分析

上世纪80年代以来,哈尔滨年平均气温明显上升,在127年中上升了2.7℃。主要冬季升幅最大,春季次之,再次为秋季,夏季升幅最小。平均最低气温的升幅较明显,远高于平均最高气温的升幅,冬季最低气温的升幅最大夏季的升幅次于春季;秋季升幅最小。另外还分析了气温年代际变化特征。     

新疆南天山阿沙哇义金矿床的成因与找矿启示:来自流体和硫化物成分的限定

阿沙哇义金矿位于中国新疆南天山造山带,属于著名的中亚南天山锑-汞-金成矿带的东延部分。该矿床严格受断裂所控制,以浸染状黄铁矿化、毒砂化为特征。矿化可分为三个阶段:早期无矿或贫矿石英阶段,中期石英多金属硫化物阶段,晚期石英-碳酸盐阶段。其中,中期是主要成矿阶段。成矿流体气相成分以H_2O为主,摩尔含量为75%～93%,其次为CO_2,摩尔含量为6%～25%,其余为CH_4、C_2H_6、H_2S、N_2和Ar;液相成分阳离子以Na~+为主,含少量K~+、Ca~(2+)离子,阴离子以Cl~-为主,SO~(2-)次之;矿石的Au含量与其流体的CO_2含量呈反相关,与K~+含量呈正相关。硫化物成分分析结果表明:(1)围岩地层和矿石中的黄铁矿和毒砂是重要的载金矿物,黄铁矿Au含量为0～0. 09%,平均值0. 03%;毒砂Au含量为0～0. 28%,平均值0. 07%;(2)黄铁矿和毒砂Au含量与其自形程度没有明显的相关性;(3)环带状黄铁矿较均质结构黄铁矿具有更高的Au含量;(4)岩体中的黄铁矿几乎不含Au。在成矿构造环境、成矿流体特征及演化、金矿富集机制、成矿温压条件等方面,该矿床与世界上大多数造山型金矿显示出一致性,成矿类型应属于剥蚀程度较浅的造山型金矿。断层阀作用控制的断层愈合-破裂导致的流体不混溶作用是本区金富集、沉淀的最重要机制,但流体混合机制对金的富集沉淀也发挥了作用。黄铁矿、毒砂发育及较多的含炭物质三者共存是本区寻找富矿的关键标志。