Mytilus californianus as an indicator of heavy metals on the northwest coast of Baja California, Mexico.

Samples of Mytilus californianus were analyzed to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of Ag, Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn concentrations on the northwest coast of Baja California and to compare the results with levels reported for California, USA. The samples were collected at eight sites from the US-Mexican border to San Quintín, BC (300 km south of the border) in February and July 1982 and 1994. During both years, north-south gradients in the concentration of Ag and Pb were observed, with the highest values close to the US-Mexican border (Ag = 0.60-1.54 and Pb = 0.21-2.89 micrograms g-1) and the lowest in the southern part of the study area (Ag = 0.05-0.10 and Pb = not detectable-0.03 microgram g-1). The Ag and Pb gradients suggest that their distributions are affected by anthropogenic activities close to the US-Mexican border. South-north gradients in the concentration of Cd (minimum = 0.59-2.16 and maximum = 2.61-12.93 micrograms g-1), for both 1982 and 1994, were observed. The geographic annual means of Pb for California (average of six stations along the entire state) were significantly higher than those of this study (average of the eight sampling sites) in 1982 and 1994. Cu in California was significantly greater than that of this study only in 1994. Cluster analyses on all metals indicate three similar geographic zones in 1982 and 1994, suggesting a relative consistency in the processes that determine the spatial variability of the concentration of some metals in M. californianus on the northwest coast of Baja California.     

The requirements for stable metallothionein clusters examined using synthetic lobster domains.

Metallothioneins (MTs) are small, cysteine-rich proteins which detoxify xenobiotic metals such as cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg). In crustaceans and mammals they consist of two independent domains which are folded around metal-thiolate clusters. MT clusters of different origins, exhibiting distinct, highly conserved cysteine positions on their sequences, show differences in metal-cysteine coordination and reactivity. Lobster-MT, containing two Cd3 beta domains, is an important model for structure-function relationships among the clusters. The influence of (1) the position of the cysteine residues and (2) steric and electrostatic effects of neighboring amino acids on the folding and stability of MT cluster were investigated. Thus, the native lobster beta C and beta N domains (each having nine cysteines and binding three M2+ ions) and a modified domain Cd3 beta C-->N, in which the cysteines of the C-terminal domain were relocated to match the positions of those in the N-terminal domain, were chemically prepared and characterized. The synthetic native domains (Cd3 beta C and Cd3 beta N) were found to exhibit spectroscopic properties, metal-binding affinities and kinetic reactivity similar to the holo-protein. However, the modified Cd3 beta C-->N domain was unusually reactive and in the presence of Chelex, metal chelation resin, aggregated to a Cd5(beta C-->N)2 dimer, which exhibited unusual structure as observed by its 113Cd-nuclear magnetic resonance. These differences in structure and reactivity demonstrated that the requirements for formation of a stable Cd3S9 beta-cluster are more stringent than simply the sequential positions of the cysteines along the peptide chain and must include interactions involving neighboring, noncysteine amino acids.     

藻类中植物生长素的研究

植物生长素(auxins)是指能引起与(吲哚乙酸IAA)有同样作用的物质的总称(山田长雄等,1997),作为植物激素(phytohormones)的一种,它广泛存在于水生、陆生植物中,对其生产发育起着至关重要的生物活性作用。相对于高等植物,藻类植物生长素的研究起步较晚。本文综合了国内、外相关文献,对藻类中的植物生长素的研究作了较为全面系统的综述。     

僧帽牡蛎二倍体和三倍体卵母细胞发育的超微结构比较

本文利用电子显微镜技术观察僧帽牡蛎二倍体和三倍体初级卵母细胞发育过程中细胞和细胞器的超微结构变化,结果表明：二倍体和三倍体卵母细胞发育差异明显。在卵黄形成期,二倍体卵母细胞呈椭圆形,细胞核呈伪足状突起,核仁呈颗粒状聚合体,细胞器多发达,合成卵黄粒我,细胞膜外有生绒毛,卵母细胞生物合成旺盛、代谢活动强;而三倍体卵母细胞大都呈不规则形状,该仁小、致密,细胞器少且不发达,卵黄粒少,细胞膜外无微绒毛,卵母细胞生物合成及代谢弱。     

Detrital zircon geochronology and provenance of sediments within the Mesozoic basins:New insights into tectonic evolution of the Qinling Orogen

Mesozoic sedimentary units within the Nanzhao and Mashiping basins record the paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the Qinling Orogen (QO). This study uses...     

基于模糊物元模型的中国旅游生态安全评价及障碍因子诊断研究

基于DPSIR模型构建旅游生态安全评价指标体系,利用模糊物元模型对中国31个省(市、区)(不含港澳台)旅游生态安全进行动态评价,并运用空间自相关分析空间格局演化特征.同时借助障碍度模型,对旅游生态安全的障碍因子进行诊断.结果表明:①旅游生态安全呈现出波动增长的"W"型演化趋势.2013-2016年中国旅游生态安全在空间...     

风生涡旋对热盐环流年代际变率的影响——基于盒子模型的分析

大洋热盐环流（Thermohaline Circulation,简称THC）是主要源于北大西洋的深海环流,对全球经向水和热平衡具有重要的作用,是影响长期气候变化的一个重要因素。采纳了Longworth等的观点,通过添加扩散项的形式在经典的Stommel盒子模型中引进了风驱洋涡（Wind-Driven Ocean Gyre,简称WDOG）,并借鉴Sun等的研究方法,讨论了WDOG对THC年代际变率的影响。通过数值计算发现,WDOG的引入会缩短（延长）处于TH型（SA型）平衡态时的THC在扰动作用下的恢复时间。结合Wu and Mu文章的结论,可知正是由于WDOG对处于不同平衡态下THC的环流强度产生了不同的作用,因而导致了上述现象的出现。     

基于RTKLIB的低成本高精度GNSS静态测量系统

随着科学技术的发展,测量工具和测量手段也发生了变化,其中测量型GNSS呈现价格降低、体积缩小的趋势。目前市场上一整套商用GNSS测量系统的价格从几万到几十万不等,且由于地面基站和移动站体积大、携带不方便等原因,使得商用GNSS测量系统的使用人群仅限于部分专业测量人员,难以在大众市场普及。当今众多领域如无人机、机器制导、精密农业等对高精度定位需求的增加,又促使GNSS测量系统向低成本、高精度、小型化、轻型化发展。本文对U-BLOX的NEO-M8P低成本OEM型GNSS接收机进行50 km基线下的静态观测,基于RTKLIB的测试结果和精度分析表明,低成本GNSS测量系统能够达到厘米级定位精度,能够满足测量工作和GIS应用的需求。试验证明,使用此低成本测量系统能降低测量任务的经济成本,是测量级GNSS接收机中经济适用的选择。     

基于地下水模型的岩溶塌陷风险性评价方法在临沂市城区的应用

岩溶塌陷是山东省临沂市区最重要的地质灾害类型,一旦发生,会带来较大的经济和财产损失,因此对岩溶塌陷的风险评价十分必要。风险评价包括现状评价和预测评价,主要分3个步骤来完成：危险性评价,易损性评价和期望损失评价。利用地下水流模型确定调采方案下的相关评价因子,预测了岩溶塌陷的风险性。通过比较发现,经过地下水调采后,原岩溶塌陷高风险区范围大为缩小。地下水流数值模型和风险评价方法结合,可以确定合理的岩溶水规划开采方案,对于指导和防治岩溶塌陷具有重要意义。     

Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic study of alkaline syenites in Liangtun-Kuangdonggou, Liaoning Province, China： Evidence for enriched mantle before 1.86 Ga and implications

The 1.86 Ga Liangtun-Kuangdonggou complex (LKC) is one of the oldest alkaline syenite bodies so far discovered in China. This syenite suite has elevated contents of total alkali (K2O Na2O), with an average of 10.50%, and a mean Rittmann Index (σ) of 6.48. The intrusions have slightly higher concentrations of K2O than those of Na2O on a weight percent basis, indicating the rocks belong to potassium-rich alkaline syenite series. Total rare-earth element concentrations (∑REE ) of the rocks are relatively high, ranging from 324×10 -6 to 1314×10 -6, with a mean value of 666×10 -6. The REE patterns are subparallel and rightward steep with (La/Yb)N >33, showing mild negative to positive Eu anomalies (δEu: 0.63-1.15). All samples exhibit strong LILE and LREE enrichments and TNT (Nb, Ta, Ti) and P depletions in multi-element spidergrams. On the εSr(t)-εNd(t) correlation diagram, most analytical data points plot within the enriched mantle field with low ( 87Sr/86Sr)i ratios (0.7045-0.7051) and negative εNd(t) values (-3.72--3.97), falling among those kimberlites from Fuxian County, Liaoning Provinve, from Mengyin County, Shandong Province and the Ⅱ-type kimberlites from South Africa. These characteristics imply that the LKC-rocks may have the same source as the above-mentioned kimberlites, i.e., they have close connections to the materials derived from enriched mantle reservoirs, further revealing that the upper mantle beneath the northeastern part of the North China Plate had been highly enriched before 1.86 Ga. Geodynamically, the LKC-rocks were formed in a within-plate environment with close genetic connections to rift-related alkaline magma activities possibly controlled by ancient mantle plumes.